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In September 1937, after the Japanese army suffered a defeat in Pingxingguan , their arrogance was still very arrogant and gathered heavy troops to continue to invade the hinterland of Shanxi.
Yan Xishan could not resist, and the troops were defeated one after another.
11, the Japanese army took advantage of the opportunity when the Jin army lost to Ruyuekou and invaded Xinkou area.
The country was in trouble to think of good generals. While Zhu De led all units of the Eighth Route Army to actively resist the war, some patriotic generals of the Jin army were also actively seeking self-rescue, such as General Fu Zuoyi, who was the commander of the 7th Army of the Second War Zone at that time. After the loss of
Nanti Pass , Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province, was seriously threatened. Yan Xishan, commander of the Second War Zone, ordered the troops participating in the Xinkou operation to retreat to Taiyuan. But this is also temporary. The Japanese army is aggressive and will definitely win Taiyuan. It is 80% impossible to defend Taiyuan.
Yan Xishan held a military meeting to discuss who will defend Taiyuan. The
meeting lasted for one day, and no one in Shanxi dared to take on defense. Yan Xishan and the generals looked at each other, not knowing what to do.
At this time, Fu Zuoyi stood up and said, "I will guard Taiyuan City!" The generals were in a state of great anger, not knowing whether what Fu Zuoyi said was true or false.
Fu Zuoyi has always been unpopular with Yan Xishan. He is from Linyi, Shanxi. Although he is also a fellow villager in Yan Xishan, Yan Xishan only trusts hardcore fellow villagers in Wutai and is not really concerned about other places, especially those in southern Shanxi. Fu Zuoyi was a smart and capable person. Yan Xishan felt that he could not control him, so he never included him as the core general.
At this time, Fu Zuoyi stood up, which is inevitable that it is doubtful. Yan Xishan could no longer care about much, so he immediately held Fu Zuoyi's hand tightly: "Yisheng, Shanxi, it's up to you."
Yan Xishan quickly led the army in the city to retreat to Southwest Shanxi .
Zhou Enlai also attended the meeting in Taiyuan at that time. Zhou Enlai said to Fu Zuoyi: "The basis for the victory of the Anti-Japanese War lies in the profound and great power of the broad masses of people. Please take care of yourself." On November 5, the Japanese army approached Taiyuan. Fu Zuoyi specially sent someone to escort Zhou Enlai, Vice Chairman of the CPC Central Committee, out of the city, and allocated some of the weapons stored in the city to the Eighth Route Army.
Before leaving the city, Zhou Enlai said to Fu Zuoyi: "General Fu is trustworthy in defending the city. But the War of Resistance Against Japan is a long-term war. scorched earth anti-Japanese war 's proposal is wrong. It is not enough to only care about the gains and losses of a city and a place. We must focus on the final victory. Being able to fight for time is victory, and being able to preserve the vitality is victory. Please think deeply."
Fu Zuoyi expressed his deep gratitude. He was a famous general to defend the city, especially in the Battle of Zhuozhou that year, which made him famous. All walks of life know his name, and he also wanted to rely on the city of Taiyuan to compete with the Japanese army.
On November 6, the main Japanese army arrived at the city of Taiyuan and began to siege Taiyuan under the cooperation of dozens of aircraft and hundreds of various artillery and the cover of tanks.
Facing a strong enemy, Fu Zuoyi made up his mind to serve the country with his own heart. He wrote a suicide note to his family, saying:
"It is important to know that this battle against the Japanese invaders is a battle to defend the stubborn enemy outside and defend the motherland. It is related to the survival of our country and the rise and fall of the nation. The people of the whole country have risen to fight against each other. Everyone has the responsibility. Zuoyi has been in the army since he was a child, and has been in the military for half his life. He only knows how to serve the country and the people, and has put life and death in the distance. As the saying goes, as long as he still has a breath, he vows to fight the Japanese invaders to the end and sacrifice his life for the country without hesitation. Zuoyi has been away from home since he was a child and rarely cares about housework. As the saying goes, , If you are loyal to the country, you cannot be filial to your parents. I don’t think so. You must know that if your skin does not exist, where will your hair be attached? This time, you will also protect your hometown, and you may take into account both loyalty and filial piety. This point is very comforting! Life is what I want, and righteousness is what I want. Both cannot be both. You can sacrifice your life to achieve righteousness. This heart is like the sun and the moon, which can comfort the people and their families! "
Fu Zuoyi commanded his troops to fight to the death and fight hard for three days and nights, and imitate the death of the city. Due to the large number of enemies and the small number of equipment, the Japanese army broke into the city and the two sides launched fierce street fighting.
In order to preserve the vitality and strive for the final victory, Fu Zuoyi organized his troops to break through and transfer under the last resort.The troops first went to Zhongyang to concentrate, and then went to , Shilou , and Liulin areas to rest and recuperate.
The Japanese army also suffered serious casualties in the siege, especially after the city was broken, Fu Zuoyi's troops were still insisting on street fighting, and most of the Japanese soldiers were stabbed to death in street fighting.
The situation of the battle in Taiyuan is very different from that in Niangzi Pass and other places. The defenders are so tenacious that they are almost at the Battle of Pingxing Pass. The Japanese army thought it was the Eighth Route Army that was driving here. The Japanese army interrogated the prisoners and asked them for their number and the main general. When the prisoners replied that they were not the Eighth Route Army and the main general was not Lin Biao, the Japanese army was very surprised that there was a second Lin Biao in the Chinese army, who dared to fight such a desperate battle.
After Fu Zuoyi withdrew from Taiyuan, he remembered what Zhou Enlai told him, reflecting on the battle in Taiyuan, and felt that the guiding ideology of the war was indeed wrong, and what the CCP said was indeed reasonable.
In early 1938, Fu Zuoyi was appointed commander-in-chief of the Northern Road Army of the Second War Zone, and his headquarters was stationed in Liulin Town, Lishi County. He and Zeng San, Cheng Zihua and others sent by the Communist Party of China met in Liulin to discuss cooperation in anti-Japanese war. Afterwards, I sent Chairman Mao and other leaders of the CPC Central Committee to visit Chairman Mao and other leaders of the CPC Central Committee. Fu Zuoyi, referring to the political work of the Eighth Route Army, successively established the Political Work Committee of the Northern Route Army and the political work institutions of the department.
At the request of Fu Zuoyi, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China selected Communist Party members and students from the Shaanxi-Ningxia Public School of the Anti-Japanese University from Yan'an several times, with Pan Jiwen as a special commissioner to assist Fu Zuoyi's troops in establishing a political work system.
The five tasks of political workers are: 1. Inspire morale in the War of Resistance; 2. Strict military discipline; 3. Strengthen military-civilian cooperation; 4. Implement economic disclosure; 5. Disintegrate the Japanese and puppet troops.
Fu Zuoyi highly appreciated the political work system of the Eighth Route Army and entrusted Pan Jiwen to draft a political work code based on the actual situation of the troops. The basic contents include: abolishing the bad habit of beating and scolding soldiers; implementing economic openness, establishing a "struggle room", activate the cultural life of soldiers, helping the working people, and improving military-civilian relations; implementing military and political unity, and carrying out political work under the leadership of military commanders.
At the same time, he also personally referred to the Eighth Route Army's "Three Major Disciplines, Eight Points of Attention " to formulate "ten disciplines" for the troops.
’s main content is: speak in a kind manner, buy and sell fairly, borrow goods to repay quickly, compensate for damages, do not tease women, do not beat and scold people; when the troops march, they are not allowed to break the seedlings, and after the troops stay, the courtyards and streets must be cleaned; before the march, the yard must be filled with jars, the troops must cook and burn firewood, and horses must be paid for eating grass and food. If there is no one at home, write down the quantity and put the money under the bar, do not abuse the prisoners, and do not search the prisoners’ pockets. After the implementation of the political work code and the "Ten Disciplines", the old military style of the past, such as officers and soldiers' separation and military-civilian separation, gradually changed. Fu Zuoyi was also enthusiastic about studying the strategic and tactics and combat methods of Chairman Mao Zedong of the CPC Central Committee and the Eighth Route Army, organized military cadres to study the strategic and tactical ideas in books such as " on Protracted War ", and applied the learning and research results to combat at any time.
In the past, he commanded operations mainly in positional warfare, and later implemented a combination of mobile warfare and guerrilla warfare , which greatly improved combat effectiveness. In Anti-Japanese National United Front , because Fu Zuoyi cooperated with the Communist Party to fight against the war, he did things that the other Kuomintang troops did not do or opposed to doing, which aroused the suspicion and dissatisfaction of Chiang Kai-shek, Yan Xishan and others.
Yan Xishan said: "Fu Yisheng has become a red-shaped one." Chiang Kai-shek said: "Fu Zuoyi's troops have become 'seven and a half-way lines' and will become the Eighth Route Army."
Fu Zuoyi didn't care about this and still insisted on his own approach. In the winter of 1938, Fu Zuoyi attended the military meeting held by the Military Commission of the National Government in Wugong, Shaanxi, accepted the appointment of the deputy commander-in-chief of the Eighth War Zone, and established a deputy commander-in-chief in the Hetao area of Suixi, and since then he left Yan Xishan's Jinsui Army system.
In December 1939, Fu Zuoyi led his troops to attack the Japanese-occupied Baotou , severely damaging the Japanese and puppet troops. The Japanese army was hit by this blow and became angry and threatened to "severely punish Fu Zuoyi."
At the beginning of 1940, tens of thousands of Japanese and puppet troops invaded the Hetao area and carried out revenge.When Fu Zuoyi faced a strong enemy, he adopted the tactics of avoiding his edge, attacking his flanks, and encircling and annihilation in pieces, and fought against the enemy, making the Japanese army unable to hide and unable to defend, so he had to hide in Wuyuan City.
By the spring of the following year, the river water in Suixi thawed and the roads were slurried, which was very unfavorable to the operations of heavy weapons and mechanized troops, creating favorable conditions for annihilation of the Japanese army. In March, Fu Zuoyi decided to make full use of the favorable conditions in the three aspects of time, place and people, and completely annihilate the enemy in Wuyuan.
He ordered the prince to dig open the Yellow River canal in the Wanhechang area, so that the flood could flood the Japanese mechanized troops. At the same time, he ordered Sun Lanfeng to lead the 31st Division, and Yuan Qingrong to lead the 32nd Division as a commando to capture Wuyuan City; and ordered Dong Qiwu to lead the 101st Division to block the Japanese army from Baotou, Anbei, and Guyang to reinforce them.
On the night of March 20, Fu Zuoyi commanded his troops to launch a fierce attack on the enemy entrenched in the Wuyuan New and Old cities. After two fierce battles, the Wuyuan was successfully recovered. In this battle, more than 300 people including Lieutenant General Mizukawa Kazuo and Ohashi, including more than 300 people were killed, and the secret service agencies headed by Samurai were wiped out, 3,400 Japanese and puppet troops were wiped out, more than 300 Japanese and puppet troops were captured, and 16 cannons and more than 50 cars were seized. The victory of the Wuyuan Battle was the first battle in the Kuomintang army to recover lost territory since the national war of resistance, and had a great impact. On April 17, the National Government of awarded Fu Zuoyi the "Blue Sky and White Sun Medal". Chiang Kai-shek was the first person to receive this medal and Fu Zuoyi was the second person to receive this medal.
In response to this, Fu Zuoyi published a resignation letter on May 23, saying that the victory of Wuyuan is the merit of all officers and soldiers in his army to fight hard and fight bravely against the enemy, and individuals should not receive this award. All parties and groups across the country sent electricity to congratulate and sent delegations to express their condolences. Some domestic newspapers praised the Battle of Wuyuan as "swalking away the river and mountains", "an unprecedented achievement in history", and "a glorious record in human history".
Chongqing " Ta Kung Fu " once praised this battle as the "first winner of the final victory." From the Great Wall of War of Resistance against Japan in 1933 to the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Fu Zuoyi led his troops to fight more than 18,000 miles, carrying out more than 290 battles and battles, basically maintaining an unbeaten record.
In May 1945, General Weidemai, the United States, came to Shaanxiba to review the troops as the chief of staff of the Allied Chinese Theater Command. He gave high praise to Fu Zuoyi's army's education, quality, technology, etc., saying that it is not under any force by international standards.
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