is mainly determined by the type of aircraft taking off and landing at the airport. Generally speaking, the heavier the aircraft, the larger the aircraft type, the longer the length of the aircraft's take-off and landing runway. For example, under standard atmospheric conditions, the length of the runway for the Y-5 aircraft to take off is only 600 meters, while the Boeing 707 aircraft needs about 3200 meters. Take Beijing Capital Airport as an example. It has two 4F runways and one 4E runway. The capital airport’s west runway, which has just been overhauled, has a total length of 3,200 meters and belongs to a 4E-class runway. It can be used for take-off and landing aircraft with a wingspan of less than 65 meters, such as Boeing 777 and Airbus A330.
Beijing Capital Airport (source: carnoc)
It is worth noting that airport runways at different altitudes also have differences in length. Due to the low air density in plateau areas, the lift of the aircraft will decrease accordingly, and more runway taxiing time will be required during takeoff. Only when the plane reaches a certain taxi speed, can the wings and the plane generate enough lift to make the plane take off successfully. Therefore, airport runways in high altitude areas are usually more than 4,000 meters long.
In addition, slope and friction are also factors that affect runway length. If the pavement surface is uphill, it is helpful to shorten the length of the landing roll during construction; the pavement surface is downhill, it is helpful to shorten the length of the takeoff roll during construction; and the flat pavement with high friction is helpful to shorten the length of takeoff and landing , The most economical and practical.
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