The Japanese army who was burnt by flamethrower was also the main user of flamethrower
As early as the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese army discovered that infantrymen were prone to suffer huge losses in front of well-guarded fortresses. They used animal organ oil and The kerosene was mixed and ignited, and the harmful gas produced was poured into the Russian defense building to force it to abandon the defense. During the First World War, Japan noticed that the German combat engineer flamethrower broke the deadlock in the trench war. The British and French soldiers were either burned to death in screams or fled madly and abandoned their machine gun positions. The Japanese themselves also sent troops to Soviet Russia and Siberia for the first time after World War I. I came into contact with this weapon and initially produced a small amount of Type 1 flamethrower imitating German products, but the flamethrower had many imperfections. It was not until the 1930s that Japan made real progress in the development of flamethrowers, and finally replaced Type 1 with Type 93 flamethrowers. The early type
93 flamethrower is prone to cold spray failure in extreme cold weather. The structure of the
93 type is still similar to that of the German flamethrower during World War I. Its empty weight is 20 kg, and it can carry 25 kg of gasoline and tar gel mixed fuel, which is effective The range is 27 meters and the maximum spray time is 12 seconds. The advantage of Type 93 is that the larger nitrogen-injected gas tank is connected to the fuel tank, the central combiner is in the center and the lighter is at the outer spout. The safety and overall structure are more advanced. However, its fuel carrying capacity is limited and its weight is too large. Japanese soldiers can sometimes only squat or prostrate. In addition, the Type 93 originally used electric heating. Its heating wire is prone to cold spray failure in the extremely cold northeast weather. Later, the Type 93 produced was changed to the firing method of pistol blank bullets. The Type 93 adds a rotating magazine for empty shells and a cylinder with a built-in firing structure. When the trigger is pulled, fuel is injected into the launch tube and the empty shells are used to ignite it, and finally the fire is completed. After the ejection is stopped, the magazine will launch the next empty round to prepare for the second ignition. This structure is similar to a revolver, and it should be said that it was more advanced at the time. Later, the Japanese army thought that the 93-type injection distance was insufficient, so they developed a large-scale 95-type flamethrower weighing 88 kg. This flamethrower has a bullet-proof 40-liter oil storage tank and a high-pressure air pipe larger than a hospital oxygen tank. 45 meters, but the spray time is only 12 seconds. What's more important is that the Type 95 requires two soldiers to carry and cover behind, and two people are required to operate it, which is not only heavy and difficult to use. After fighting with the Chinese Anti-Japanese Army and the Soviet Army, the Japanese believed that the Type 95 could not be used in field battles and could only be used as a preparatory weapon.
Foreign military enthusiasts personally operated and tested the Hundred-style flamethrower
. Soon after, the southward movement became the strategic thinking of the Japanese military base camp. For this reason, the Hundred-style flamethrower more suitable for Nanyang operations was developed on the basis of the 93 style. Baishi inherited the improved 93-style empty shell mechanism, built-in 10 rounds, its improvements include reduced length to facilitate carrying, and the nozzle is processed for removal and replacement, and changed to a cylindrical shape to adjust the spray distance and spray The fire intensity, if it is sprayed once a second, it can be maintained ten times, and the one-shot spray lasts for 15 seconds. Thanks to the cylindrical spout design, Baishi can simultaneously attack a bunker close to 30 meters away and a shooting port a few meters away. There is no need to worry about flame reflection endangering itself. Baishi is mainly composed of a fuel tank group (two fuel tanks and a pressure tank), It is composed of oil hose and torch. Tests after the capture by the U.S. military show that its ergonomics is relatively good, not only the quality is moderate, but also the size design is more appropriate. The leather strap also cleverly takes into account the two aspects of firmly binding the abdomen and back The swaying and falling, obviously catered to the physique of Asians. At the same time, the metal connecting rods added by Baishi have been highly praised by the US military. Previously, other flamethrowers had to be removed from the user's back during preparation, and another person was required to manipulate them, such as the first-generation M1 flamethrower of the US military. The Baishi metal connecting rod has the characteristics of elasticity and flexibility. One end is connected to the pressure tank valve and the other end is on the chest of the user. If the pressure valve is opened, it only needs to be screwed once, which greatly simplifies the preparation before spraying. In addition, the US military believes that its empty-packed bomb ignition method is also better than the M1 high-voltage battery ignition method.
Compared with the 93 type, the reliability of the Baishi has been significantly improved.
Baishi also has some shortcomings, and its fuel supplement is difficult.Difficult, because the total amount of injection needs to be controlled, and the injection port is small, so accurate observation is more difficult. It is relatively easy to inject gas into the pressure tank, but the metal pipe connecting it and the fuel tank needs to be removed, which will easily cause foreign matter to enter, especially in dusty, rainy and other environments, and it is easy to cause its tightness when replenishing liquid gas. Problems with internal stability. The Japanese army could only add pressure gauges to avoid excessive nitrogen injection. In addition, the operation of Baishi is not easy, because the user must turn the handle of the fire valve clockwise with his right hand before opening the fuel valve while rotating the ignition cartridge. Because the Japanese has a short arm, the difficulty is more obvious, but this also makes Baishi It is not easy to ignite or explode due to collision and fall. In general, Baishi's effective attack distance, attack flexibility, security and structural rationality are significantly better than that of the US M1. Its overall performance has reached the world's first-class level at the time, and it is in the same ranking of most Japanese light weapons in the world. The situation in China is in sharp contrast. Even the U.S. military was full of praise for its performance after the Solomon’s frontline seizure of Baishi, and even the M2 flamethrower developed later obviously borrowed from the design highlights of Baishi. Later, among the first batch of flamethrowers used by the People’s Liberation Army, in addition to the American products, the Baishi, the first fire-breathing company was formed, and it achieved a brilliant record in the battle of Yijiangshan Island. It was not until the introduction of the Soviet flamethrower. Only then retired from the People's Liberation Army Spitfire. After the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in 2011, some people in Japan even proposed that the Hundred-type flamethrower could be used to assist in disaster relief. They believed that the cracks in the containment of the nuclear power plant need to be repaired manually. Borax can be poured in and then melted and sealed with a flamethrower.
The scene of the Japanese fire-throwers during the Battle of Songhu published in Japanese newspapers at that time
The first battle of the Japanese fire-throwers took place in the northeast of China, such as Yichun and Hailun. However, its debut was not ideal because this weapon was used. To deal with enemies in trenches and buildings, the Anti-Union relied on guerrilla tactics rather than defense, so it is difficult to find a flamethrower whose range is not as good as a pistol. Moreover, in the severe winter in the northeast, the early 93-type continuous cold spray failure problem (the 58-type used by the early People's Liberation Army also had similar problems in the counterattack against India on the plateau), and the high cold in the northeast winter caused the trees in the forest environment to be very difficult. It is not easy to be lit, and strong winds can easily cause the shooter to be injured by the flames. In winter, however, civilians who flee from the Anti-Japanese Army and evade Japanese raids often enter caves or some buildings to keep warm. Japanese troops with much better weather conditions can continue to attack. Under the leadership of infantry, some Japanese engineers often besieged these areas and used flamethrowers to move buildings and buildings. The cave became a sea of fire. The cotton-padded clothes worn by some Anti-Union fighters and civilians would not stop burning as long as they touched the flames from the flamethrower. Many compatriots were burned alive in this way, and the tragic horror was unbearable. After the outbreak of the all-out war of resistance, the Japanese Marine Corps and Japanese Army engineers quickly used the 93-style attack on the tunnels and buildings held by the Chinese army. The 93-style demon fire also appeared on the fronts of North China and Nanjing many times. This weapon did bring considerable losses to the anti-Japanese forces. From the defense of Huangyadong behind the Eighth Route Army to the front line of Wuhan on the front battlefield, as long as they saw the Japanese fire-breathers appearing on the Chinese position, the officers would order the best marksmanship. Good soldier: Come on, concentrate your firepower to hit the devil with the jar first! He is holding the most terrible thing! In the early days of the Pacific War, the Japanese army also used flamethrowers to attack Allied bunkers.
The Japanese flamethrowers also committed more cruel crimes. After the Nanjing massacre, the Japanese troops used flamethrowers to burn the bodies of a large area of the city and countless victims. Even directly used to burn refugees hiding in the basement! In 1943, in order to test the destructive effect of the flamethrower on the tank, Unit 731 forcibly drove more than a dozen Chinese prisoners of war tied up with ropes into scrapped tanks. Then a group of Japanese firearms stood at a distance of 10-30 meters and used hundreds of The flamethrower sprayed a flame of more than a thousand degrees at the same time, and several noises were accompanied by the screams of the prisoners of war. After 10 seconds, the abandoned tank was already burned red due to the high temperature, and the prisoners of war killed were completely charred! The extinct Japanese invaders also filmed this process with a camera and formed a report to prove the effect of the flamethrower. During the Pacific War, the Baishi and 93 were incorporated into the Japanese Army Corps of Engineers, each of which was assigned 6-20 units. From the Malay Peninsula to Burma, from Java to the Philippines, Japanese Spitfires, who have accumulated a lot of experience in the Chinese battlefield, constantly attacked Allied defense bunkers, and a large number of Allied forces, including the US, were also burned to death. The Japanese paratroopers were also equipped with flamethrowers after the establishment with German assistance, but their debut in Borneo wasA farce. Because the Japanese paratroopers and their weapons were airborne separately, many Japanese fire-breathers finally found that the tank was damaged when they finally found the weapon. Moreover, the Borneo oil field was already destroyed. Later, the Japanese army tried hard to repair the production but did not increase to half of the original output, which also gave the Japanese Spitfire a fatal blow. In the later period of the war, the Japanese Spitfires and the U.S. Spitfires staged a fire battle. After the outbreak of the Battle of Guadalcanal, the Japanese landing forces also used two individual flamethrowers in several attacks on the U.S. positions, but the U.S. Marine Corps’ The overall firepower is by no means comparable to China, so Japanese Spitfires are often greeted by various guns as soon as they show their heads. Although they have achieved certain successes, the death rate is quite high. With the destruction of Japanese communication lines by the U.S. military and the high-intensity operation of Japanese war machines, fuel demand and supply have become increasingly disproportionate, and the limited fuel has to be used for more important heavy weapons such as aircraft and warships, the Japanese Spitfire. Naturally, the supply was cut off, and the flamethrower basically existed as a fortifying weapon. As the Allied forces counterattacked the Japanese army and had to passively defend, the Japanese flamethrower basically had no chance to play. On the other hand, the new generation of U.S. military M2 flamethrowers, which have absorbed hundreds of design highlights, as well as more powerful fire-breathing amphibious chariots and fire-breathing tanks, have also continued to appear on the battlefield, which in turn turned the Japanese troops trapped in the bunker into ashes. , Recalling the evil deeds of the Japanese fire-breathers in China and other places, this is really a present-day report. In the latter part of the war, the Japanese army also suffered from the tank units with absolute quantity and quality superiority of the Allied forces, so they also wanted to attack the engine compartment and fuel tank of the opponent's tank at close range. This tactic was not only ineffective, but also ordinary Japanese soldiers in the face of the powerful firepower of the US army. Infantry is very difficult to approach, not to mention the flamethrowers carrying heavy flamethrowers, they were basically all killed by the US military. In the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa, the Japanese army was still equipped with a certain number of flamethrowers. Crazy Japanese flamethrowers often used the same method to wait for the U.S. military to get close to a short distance before getting up and breathing fire. In addition to facing the U.S. bullets Priority to be eliminated by the American fire-breathers, many people on both sides were reduced to ashes by the flames of the other in this battle of fire. Needless to say, it was tragic. With the defeat of the Japanese army, the Japanese fire-breathers and their flamethrowers have also become historical relics.
