In modern Chinese history, the most outstanding ones in terms of military achievements are Lin Biao, Peng Dehuai and Su Yu (regardless of ranking). Lin Biao and Peng Dehuai were the founding marshals and have always been the focus of the world. On the other hand, Su Yu has faded out of people's sight since 1958.
has some major events about him, and has also been subjected to various false speculations, such as the first choice for Su Yu to take charge of the war.
One saying that North Korea will be in charge of the first choice for Lin Biao rather than Su Yu; it is also said that Su Yu "made a mistake" and failed to take office in the end; it is also said that Su Yu was unwilling to send troops to North Korea, worried that he would not be able to command Fourth Field soldiers...
There are many different opinions, but in fact there is no speculation. The real side is often hidden in dusty historical archives, and Mao Zedong's three telegrams revealed the truth.
1950 Korean War broke out. With the addition of the United States, the battlefield changed rapidly, and everyone knew the truth that the lips were dead and the teeth were cold.
The Central Military Commission has also argued differently about whether to send troops to North Korea. In the end, Mao Zedong thought about it and started from the overall situation, indicating that the benefits of sending troops outweighed the disadvantages, and finally convinced everyone.
As early as June, the United States announced its troops to North Korea, it sent the Seventh Fleet to Taiwan Strait to assist the Taiwanese authorities in preventing the mainland's attack on Taiwan.
At that time, Mao Zedong decided to postpone the liberation of Taiwan. This was considered that the Korean battlefield would definitely be a fierce battle and could not take into account both. On the other hand, Su Yu was the commander-in-chief of the attack on Taiwan at that time, and Mao Zedong thought of letting Su Yu take charge of the war to North Korea.
So after determining the general policy of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea, late at night on July 6, 1950, Mao Zedong wrote a telegram after repeated consideration:
Comrade Su Yu and told Chen (Chen Yi) and Rao (Rao Shushi): The existing important tasks are entrusted to Comrade Su Yu to implement. Please ask Su to complete the three fields before July 16, and come to Beijing to accept the task on July 18. When Su comes, he can bring several secretary and staff with him.
The important task mentioned here refers to letting Su Yu serve as the commander of the Northeast Frontier Defense Force, preparing various matters and sending troops to North Korea. After the telegram was sent, the next day, under Mao Zedong's instructions, Zhou Enlai presided over a military meeting on defense of national defense. More than ten important military leaders including Zhu De, Nie Rongzhen, Lin Biao, Tan Zheng, Luo Ronghuan, etc., including the heads of the Central Military Commission, the Army, Navy and Air Force, and the Logistics Department. The decision to send troops to North Korea was conveyed and a specific discussion was held on the formation of the Northeast Frontier Defense Force.
htmlOn July 10, Zhou Enlai was instructed by Mao Zedong to preside over the second meeting again. This meeting determined the decision to have Su Yu as the commander and political commissar of the Northeast Frontier Defense Force, Xiao Jinguang as the deputy commander, Xiao Hua as the deputy political commissar, and Li Niekui as the commander of the logistics department.
Su Yu received an urgent telegram from Mao Zedong as early as the night of July 6, and soon received a notice of appointment from the Central Military Commission. Su Yu was naturally very excited. This was the trust and value of the Central Committee and Mao Zedong in him, and he was deeply honored.
But Su Yu was in poor health at this time, and he often tormented him. Daily work requires the assistance of brain-enhancing devices to be carried out barely.
As the saying goes, Su Yu, who is willing to take on important tasks, is also anxious because he is afraid that he will be unable to support his health and will delay the major affairs of the country.
After some weighing, he called Mao Zedong back, explained his physical condition, raised his concerns, and suggested consider changing other comrades.
After Mao Zedong received Su Yu's call back, he thought about it and insisted that Su Yu was the most suitable.
Because this dispatch of troops in North Korea will inevitably involve leading a corps combat, and the art of combat command of large corps shown by Su Yu during the civil war period is obvious to all.
and can command large corps to fight when the troops and equipment are at a disadvantage, and eat up enemy corps many times. It can be said that Su Yu's record and performance are the best among the commanders of the field army .
Even a military genius like Lin Biao was deeply moved when talking about Su Yu: "Su Yu will fight all the battles of immortals! " also said: "I dare not make up my mind for a battle like East Henan ."
It can be seen that Lin Biao also appreciates Su Yu's military capabilities very much.
The Korean War at that time was a fierce battle against the United States' first military power, and it must be a fierce battle to fight the advantage with disadvantages. In view of this, Mao Zedong still insisted on letting Su Yu go, and then he planned to call again:
Comrade Su Yu and told Chen and Rao: I heard that if you are sick, you should be recuperated and you can slow down. But I still hope that you will come to Beijing in early August. If you are in good health, you will be in the job and if you are not in good health, you will continue to cultivate.
In order to allow Su Yu to take charge, Mao Zedong delayed the time again, which also shows the weight of Su Yu in Mao Zedong's heart at this time.
Since 1944, Su Yu led thousands of people to kill more than 1,000 Japanese MSG in Cheqiao, northern Jiangsu. After Mao Zedong learned about it, he began to pay attention to Su Yu. At that time, he also made a prediction: "This person who grew up from a soldier can command 400,000 or 500,000 troops in the future."
In the early days of the Liberation War, Su Yu fought alone in Suzhong and , and won seven battles and seven victorys. Mao Zedong even promoted Su Yu's successful experience to the entire army to learn. After the establishment of East China Field Army , Su Yu was the deputy, but he was actually the person in charge of the specific combat command, which was the instruction conveyed by Mao Zedong to Chen Yi.
In the subsequent battles, Mao Zedong even instructed Su Yu to let go and Meng Lianggu to completely wipe out one of the five major forces of the Kuomintang reorganized 74th Division . Mao Zedong was amazed at this result. In 1948, Mao Zedong talked about this with Su Yu on Xibaipo . At that time, Mao Zedong said, ", you quickly destroyed the 74th Division. On this land of China, there were two people who did not expect it. "
Su Yu blurted out: " Chiang Kai-shek ?" Mao Zedong nodded: " has another one. " Su Yu guessed a few times, Mao Zedong shook his head repeatedly, and finally asked, "Who is that?"
Mao Zedong laughed: " The second one I didn't expect was Mao Zedong! "
It means that Mao Zedong had already admired Su Yu's military talent at that time.
1948, at Su Yu's suggestion, Mao Zedong changed his plan to cross the river immediately, which led to the Battle of Eastern Henan that reversed the situation in the Central Plains.
In the Battle of Eastern Henan, Mao Zedong absolutely believed in Su Yu's military talent and instructed Su Yu: "The situation is tense and the situation is dealt with independently, there is no need to ask for instructions."
And in the subsequent Huaihai Battle , Mao Zedong even praised Su Yu: " Huaihai Battle, you Su Yu are the first achievement. " According to statistics, the Huaihai Battle annihilated a total of 555,000 enemies, while Su Yu's East China Field Army annihilated 440,000 enemies. During the entire Liberation War, Su Yu's third field annihilated 2.45 million enemies, ranking first among the field troops.
These achievements are in front of us. This is also the main reason why Mao Zedong insisted on letting Su Yu take charge of North Korea, which is his recognition of his military capabilities.
After the telegram was sent out, Mao Zedong instructed Zhou Enlai to carefully select two military and political deputies for Su Yu, namely Xiao Jinguang and Xiao Hua pointed out at the meeting on July 10.
Why are they the two of them? First of all, the two had fought in South Manchuria for a long time and were familiar with the customs and customs of Northeast China and North Korea. Secondly, Xiao Jinguang and Su Yu were partners during the Red Army period, and they cooperated with each other.
At the same time, from the corps formed by the Northeast Frontier Defense Forces, it can be seen that Mao Zedong was actually making tailor-made for Su Yu's expedition.
At that time, the Northeast border defense transferred the 13th Corps of the Fourth Field, the 9th Corps of the Third Field and the 19th Corps of the First Field.
Mao Zedong transferred these three corpses to the Northeast Frontier Defense Forces, which shows that Mao Zedong had made up his mind to let Su Yu send troops to North Korea.
Because the 13th Corps and the 19th Corps were originally reserves and mobile forces to cooperate with Su Yu in attacking Taiwan, and the 9th Corps of the Third Field Army was also the main force used by Su Yu to attack Taiwan.
is now transferred to the Northeast to become a border guard, which is actually to prepare for transferring Su Yu to the Northeast. This arrangement is natural.
Su Yu received a telegram connected to the Central Military Commission and Mao Zedong. He couldn't bear to let down the expectations of the Central Committee and Mao Zedong. He also said: " If Chairman Mao must go, I can't refuse, I still have to go."
Later, he recovered while preparing to understand the situation of the Korean War, the strength of the US Air Force, combat capabilities, etc.
However, Su Yu became more anxious, and his condition became worse and worse. After that, not only was he unable to continue working, but his visual function was even affected. For this reason, he had to ask for leave for treatment in order to recover as soon as possible.
htmlOn July 14, Su Yu was sent to Qingdao for recuperation. Mao Zedong was also very concerned about Su Yu's situation. The situation on the Korean battlefield is changing rapidly, and there may not be so much time to wait.For this reason, Su Yu had just arrived in Qingdao, and Mao Zedong asked the director of the Political Department Tang Liang and others to tell Su Yu that he would recuperate and recover as soon as possible. He would definitely inform him of his physical condition in early August. If he recovered, he would go to Beijing quickly.
Ke Su Yu has not improved after recuperating for half a month. Su Yu had no choice but to write down his physical condition truthfully and drag Luo Ruiqing to Mao Zedong.
It was August 8th. After receiving the letter, Mao Zedong immediately replied:
Comrade Luo Ruiqing received the letter, but his condition was still serious, and he was very concerned. The new task is not urgent at present, so you can rest with peace of mind until you recover. If the place to rest is suitable for Qingdao, it is in Qingdao. If Qingdao is not suitable for Qingdao, you can come to Beijing and please decide.
In late August, the Korean battlefield was in a deadlock, and the situation was likely to reverse. For this reason, Mao Zedong had to consider preparing other candidates, and the second person he thought of was Lin Biao.
htmlOn September 5, Su Yu signed the name on the "Action Plan for the Ninth Corps to Participate in the Northeast Frontier Defense Forces" submitted by the General Staff of the East China Military Region, expressing support for the action to fight against the US aid to Korea with practical actions.At this time, Su Yu's condition still needs to recuperate, so Mao Zedong began to talk to Lin Biao. But Lin Biao was not in good health at this time, and he did not support sending troops to North Korea.
It was also true that Mao Zedong knew that Lin Biao was ill, and the US military had not crossed the " 38th parallel " at that time, so it would take some time for the two head coaches to be in place.
Therefore, he resumed Gaogang on September 3, pointing out: "Lin and Su are both sick, and both Xiao have work here, and they cannot come for the time being. It is possible in a few months. It is estimated that there is time."
originally thought there was still time to wait, but on September 15, the US military landed on in Incheon, and the situation in North Korea took a sharp turn. For this reason, we had to speed up the deployment. We first transferred Deng Hua to the Northeast to prepare, and then on October 4, Peng Dehuai, who was preparing to build the Northwest, summoned Beijing.
On October 8, Mao Zedong officially appointed Peng Dehuai as commander and political commissar of the Volunteer Army, and directly upgraded the command organization of the 13th Corps to the Volunteer Army headquarters. The next day he sent troops to North Korea. After the deployment of
, Mao Zedong hoped that Su Yu would recover as soon as possible, so he negotiated with the Soviet Union to send Su Yu to the Soviet Union for treatment. After a month of preliminary examination, he was diagnosed with long-term excessive fatigue and frequent injuries, and two injuries to the brain nerves, which required a long time of treatment and rest.
At this point, Su Yu missed the opportunity to take charge of North Korea. As a soldier, being unable to fight for the country has become a regret in Su Yu's life.
The process of sending troops at that time was very confidential. For example, it is mentioned that if the border guards participate in the war, they need to wear volunteer uniforms and use volunteer military flags.
includes the establishment of the Northeast Frontier Defense Forces. It is not advisable to let officials below the provincial and ministerial level know the situation. In fact, it is all to hide the news that China sent troops to North Korea, in order to give a sudden blow to the US military on the Korean battlefield.
But because of the confidentiality of the process, many people were unaware of it at the time. In addition, after 1958, Su Yu was in trouble. The incident of Su Yu's failure to take charge of North Korea has also caused many speculations and even doubts. In fact, it is because of the physical condition that I cannot go on the battle, that's all.
