"Avengers" air defense still complete "revenge"?
In modern warfare, with the continuous iteration of drones, cruise missiles and other technologies, short-range air defense has become an unavoidable part of the development of the military of various countries. With the "Avenger" air defense system in the US Army's "temporary maneuvers" The bid for "Short-range Air Defense" failed. Can the "Avenger" air defense system complete its "revenge"?
As early as two years ago in the Armenian War, Azerbaijan used a drone called "Aerial Striker" to cause heavy damage to Armenian ground units, greatly reducing the battle loss ratio.
Regarding the construction of near-ground air defense forces, the American Boeing Company began to study the "Avenger" air defense missile system as early as the 1980s. conducted its first test launch in 1984 and was delivered to the US military in 1989 and has been in service to this day..
The Avengers air defense missile system is a vehicle-mounted launch and command system adapted to the FIM-92 Stinger missile . It is mainly used to provide short-range air defense force support for ground forces to deal with drones, cruise missiles, and helicopters. Wait for the attack.
Since its entry into service, this system has been deployed in the Persian Gulf War , Bosnian War and Iraq War . It is responsible for the army's short-range field air defense missions and has achieved good results.
The system is 4.95 meters long, 2.18 meters wide and 2.64 meters high. It can carry 4 to 8 FIM-92 Stinger portable anti-aircraft missiles and is equipped with a 50 machine gun , Sentinel radar and an electrically powered missile launch turret. , because it is equipped with a remote control operation unit, the operator can conduct remote launch from 50 meters away from the launch vehicle.
Its own photoelectric sighting system combines an optical sight, a forward-looking infrared detector, an automatic image tracking device and an laser rangefinder . can achieve a combat defense range of up to 443km .
So what are the advantages of the "Avenger" air defense system?
一
The Hummer chassis creates high mobility
The "Avenger" air defense missile system relies on the Hummer as the chassis and has good mobility and off-road capabilities.
The V86.5-liter diesel engine equipped on the Hummer provides strong power support for passing through various terrains on the battlefield. The Hummer uses a four-wheel independent suspension , which also brings it a super large suspension of up to 410 mm. Itinerary, this is a revolutionary initiative in the history of off-road vehicle , which brings it strong passability.
This also provides a strong guarantee for the "Avenger" air defense missile system. While implementing countermeasures against the air, can also avoid its own system .
field air defense, the evasion capability of its own anti-missile system is also an important indicator of the anti-missile system itself. In actual combat, the general objects of contact with the enemy are cruise missiles and fixed-wing aircraft or drones. When facing UAVs and fixed-wing aircraft, the mobility of missile systems is particularly important.
Due to the Sentinel radar equipped with the "Avenger" air defense missile and its characteristics of 360-degree rotation and pitch angle (-10°, +70°), it also contributes to its ability to "run and fight" , The support provided by the Hummer chassis provides a great advantage for making evasive actions .
On the other hand, Hummer's extremely strong weapon carrying capacity has also been greatly demonstrated in the "Avenger" air defense missile system.
The tail placement system on the Humvee fully meets the basic field air defense needs . Its tail-mounted missile launch turret can launch 8 Stinger missiles at the same time and can be loaded within 4 minutes. It is also equipped with a .50 machine gun, Sensing system and fire control system .Can
"Avengers" air defense still complete "revenge"?
In modern warfare, with the continuous iteration of drones, cruise missiles and other technologies, short-range air defense has become an unavoidable part of the development of the military of various countries. With the "Avenger" air defense system in the US Army's "temporary maneuvers" The bid for "Short-range Air Defense" failed. Can the "Avenger" air defense system complete its "revenge"?
As early as two years ago in the Armenian War, Azerbaijan used a drone called "Aerial Striker" to cause heavy damage to Armenian ground units, greatly reducing the battle loss ratio.
Regarding the construction of near-ground air defense forces, the American Boeing Company began to study the "Avenger" air defense missile system as early as the 1980s. conducted its first test launch in 1984 and was delivered to the US military in 1989 and has been in service to this day..
The Avengers air defense missile system is a vehicle-mounted launch and command system adapted to the FIM-92 Stinger missile . It is mainly used to provide short-range air defense force support for ground forces to deal with drones, cruise missiles, and helicopters. Wait for the attack.
Since its entry into service, this system has been deployed in the Persian Gulf War , Bosnian War and Iraq War . It is responsible for the army's short-range field air defense missions and has achieved good results.
The system is 4.95 meters long, 2.18 meters wide and 2.64 meters high. It can carry 4 to 8 FIM-92 Stinger portable anti-aircraft missiles and is equipped with a 50 machine gun , Sentinel radar and an electrically powered missile launch turret. , because it is equipped with a remote control operation unit, the operator can conduct remote launch from 50 meters away from the launch vehicle.
Its own photoelectric sighting system combines an optical sight, a forward-looking infrared detector, an automatic image tracking device and an laser rangefinder . can achieve a combat defense range of up to 443km .
So what are the advantages of the "Avenger" air defense system?
一
The Hummer chassis creates high mobility
The "Avenger" air defense missile system relies on the Hummer as the chassis and has good mobility and off-road capabilities.
The V86.5-liter diesel engine equipped on the Hummer provides strong power support for passing through various terrains on the battlefield. The Hummer uses a four-wheel independent suspension , which also brings it a super large suspension of up to 410 mm. Itinerary, this is a revolutionary initiative in the history of off-road vehicle , which brings it strong passability.
This also provides a strong guarantee for the "Avenger" air defense missile system. While implementing countermeasures against the air, can also avoid its own system .
field air defense, the evasion capability of its own anti-missile system is also an important indicator of the anti-missile system itself. In actual combat, the general objects of contact with the enemy are cruise missiles and fixed-wing aircraft or drones. When facing UAVs and fixed-wing aircraft, the mobility of missile systems is particularly important.
Due to the Sentinel radar equipped with the "Avenger" air defense missile and its characteristics of 360-degree rotation and pitch angle (-10°, +70°), it also contributes to its ability to "run and fight" , The support provided by the Hummer chassis provides a great advantage for making evasive actions .
On the other hand, Hummer's extremely strong weapon carrying capacity has also been greatly demonstrated in the "Avenger" air defense missile system.
The tail placement system on the Humvee fully meets the basic field air defense needs . Its tail-mounted missile launch turret can launch 8 Stinger missiles at the same time and can be loaded within 4 minutes. It is also equipped with a .50 machine gun, Sensing system and fire control system .
二
How to accurately track enemy targets in a complex environment?
Speaking of the "Avenger" air defense missile system, we have to mention the famous FIM-92 Stinger portable missile. Many netizens joked that the "Avenger" air defense missile system is a Humvee equipped with a machine gun and several Stinger missiles. .
In fact, for air defense forces, the "spear" of weapons and equipment is very important, but the "eyes" are even more important. The installation of Stinger missiles is only the most elementary stage of the "Avenger" air defense missile system. What is more complicated is How to make the Stinger missile catch the enemy target and destroy it, and locking the enemy target involves the sensing system and the fire control system .
The "Avenger" air defense system is equipped with a complete set of sensor accessories including an automatic video tracking device, a forward-looking infrared sensor and a laser rangefinder.
The forward-looking infrared sensor can provide thermal imaging images in dark nights or complex battlefield environments, and then use the laser rangefinder to measure the target and upload the data to the video automatic tracking device for analysis, proofread and determine the target before striking. .
During the air strike, the AN/PPX-3 BIFF (Identification Friend or Foe) system installed in the "Avenger" air defense system can distinguish between enemy and our aircraft and carry out precise strikes.
The "Avenger" air defense system generally requires two operators , one is responsible for driving, and the other is responsible for operating the equipment. The operator uses a forward-looking infrared sensor to capture the target, and the infrared sensor is equipped with three modes that can be adjusted. They are wide, narrow and rain modes respectively. The
range finder is located below the operator. The equipment used to track the target is installed on the forward-looking infrared instrument. It analyzes the tracking target and sends a signal to the computer-controlled rotating tower to adjust the pitch angle of the launch. laser ranging The instrument uploads the specific distance information of the target information to the control unit and issues instructions for the use of missiles and machine guns, thereby completing the attack on the target .
三
The strike power of the "Avenger"—Stinger missile
The strike power of the air defense system is also one of the important indicators of a weapon., the FIM-92 Stinger missile carried by the "Avenger" air defense system can be said It is a star equipment.
has been confirmed to have shot down more than 270 aircraft and helicopters since it entered service in 1981.
The Stinger was first used on the Afkland battlefield on May 21, 1982. Since February 28, 2022, after the Russian-Ukrainian conflict broke out, Germany changed its long-term policy of not exporting weapons to conflict areas and announced that it would export weapons to Ukraine. provides 500 US-made FIM-92 portable air defense missiles. Stinger missiles have been active in the international arena .
The Stinger missile uses the canard aerodynamic layout . There are two pairs of folding canard wings on the front of the missile, one pair is a fixed wing, and the other pair is a rudder surface that controls its flight attitude. It weighs 10.1 kilograms. 1.83 meters long, the maximum flight speed of can be as high as Mach 2.2. The early products of
were used to a small extent in the Anglo-Malaysian Island War. After continuous upgrades and iterations, the hit rate of a single shot of was increased to half of .
also shot down three Indian fighter jets during the 1999 Kashmir conflict. The Stinger has multiple versions, such as FIM-92A, FIM-92B, FIM-92C, FIM-92D, etc. It also added laser gyroscope and infrared seeker from the original post seeker. The batteries were also updated to lithium cells instead of calcium chromate cells.
The "Avenger" air defense system is a modified version of the Stinger missile . It is controlled by a missile launch tower and a fire control and remote control unit. Compared with the traditional Stinger missile.
The "Avenger" air defense system is equipped with a gyro driver that can automatically and continuously aim at the target to attack without being affected by vehicle maneuvers. It is also equipped with two operating modes, is remote control operation and actual unit operation .
During the remote control operation, personnel need to evacuate to a distance of 50 meters from the launch vehicle. Using the remote control module and monitoring display to control the launch vehicle can reduce the attrition caused by the enemy's attack on the vehicle, and also greatly Reduced the combat attrition caused by launch vehicle failure.
In actual unit operation, it is mostly used for air defense tasks during vehicle maneuvers. Its advantages are strong maneuverability and rapid response. By observing the field of view related glass, the operator operates the missile tower to lock the enemy aircraft, mobilize the missile or machine gun to attack, and the missile changes from the normal state to the combat state. only takes 3 seconds, and the interval between each launch is only 5 sec.
四
The actual combat of the "Avenger"
The "Avenger" air defense system was deployed on the Persian Gulf battlefield for the first time. , and was later deployed on the Bosnian battlefield to escort NATO peacekeeping forces, and served in the 2003 Iraq War. The Blue Army has performed well in both short-range field air defense and base defense tasks.
In recent years, as the threat from unmanned aerial systems has grown, the US military in South Korea deployed the "Avenger" air defense system in 2018 to enhance regional air defense capabilities and conducted verification tests, respectively. The .50 machine gun was calibrated to adjust the rate of fire to 950 to 1,100 rounds per minute, and required the gunner to attack targets at 800 meters, 900 meters and 1,000 meters from inside the turret, and was prequalified.
The mission of deploying the "Avenger" air defense system is to provide protection for its reconnaissance, intelligence, surveillance and target acquisition work. It is designed to combat low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle systems and high-speed fixed-wing threats. The Avenger system has high maneuverability and is very suitable for .
五
The past and present life of the Taiwanese version of the "Avenger"
The "Avenger" air defense system is not only deployed in the U.S. Army , Marine Corps and National Guardsmen, is also purchased by many countries and regions, such as in 2006 From 2008 to 2008, Egypt purchased 75 sets, the United Arab Emirates purchased 78 sets, and Iraq purchased 40 sets in 2013.
The most eye-catching thing is that Taiwan purchased 74 sets of "Avenger" air defense systems from the United States in 1996. However, due to the insufficient procurement budget of the Taiwan Army, the Taiwan Army did not purchase the American Sentinel radar. Instead, it used the self-developed Bee Eye radar to integrate with the command vehicle and the Avenger system to achieve a linkage effect.
Judging from information disclosed by the "Military News Agency" in 2018, the 58th Artillery Headquarters Air Defense Force responsible for air defense missions in central Taiwan is equipped with the "Avenger" air defense system and is equipped with a Bee Eye radar system Drills and tests were conducted.
What this unit will deal with during wartime is our eastern theater. According to a spokesperson for the Taiwan Army, the newly installed "Avenger" air defense system can ensure that ground troops are protected from enemy fighter attacks, and form an all-weather air defense readiness capability..
In the early stages of procurement, before it was equipped with phase-controlled radar , Taiwanese version of "Avenger" only relied on two sets of photoelectric systems , which could only lock on after discovering the target. It was basically a "blind eye" " stage, coupled with the fact that it takes time to lock the turntable and missiles, the capabilities of the "Avenger" air defense system are greatly weakened, and it does not have much effect on short-range field air defense.
With the installation of the Hummingbird radar, the Taiwanese version of the "Avenger" air defense system can finally open its "eyes" . However, due to technical problems, the Beehive Eye radar cannot be the same size as the Sentinel radar, so it cannot be installed. On the Humvee, a new support unit can only be added to place the radar . Therefore, the Taiwanese version of the "Avenger" air defense system will become complicated in terms of operating procedures and will also increase the number of operators.
六
Can the gradually declining "Avengers" complete their revenge?
Since the "Avenger" air defense system was developed and put into service in 1980, it has been continuously updated and iterated due to its highly modular characteristics. However, due to its own limitations and the constant changes in the modern battlefield, was The U.S. Army's "Interim Mobile Short-Range Air Defense" bid was defeated by Leonardo's proposal .
Boeing Company has long discovered that the Hummer chassis still has great shortcomings in bulletproof capabilities. Even if bulletproof armor is installed, the off-road performance of the Hummer itself will be greatly reduced . Therefore, the Stryker armored vehicle was selected in the bidding. A solution combined with the "Avengers" system.
However, compared with the remote-controlled turret system of four-unit Stinger missiles plus two-unit Hellfire missiles and a 30mm chain gun proposed by Leonardo, it seems to have no advantage.
The U.S. Army’s bid is to make up for the short-range air defense gap in Europe, and Army procurement director Cortrina said at the ComDef meeting that “weapons and equipment that are not modern enough cannot be accepted.” This also further prompted the "Avengers" "Bid for air defense system failed .
This also brings great inspiration to the current development of short-range air defense. Equipment should be continuously adjusted to meet the needs of modern battlefields, and a comprehensive three-dimensional air defense system should be built to enhance the overall air defense strength.
How much do you know about "Avengers"? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area for discussion.
During the remote control operation, personnel need to evacuate to a distance of 50 meters from the launch vehicle. Using the remote control module and monitoring display to control the launch vehicle can reduce the attrition caused by the enemy's attack on the vehicle, and also greatly Reduced the combat attrition caused by launch vehicle failure.
In actual unit operation, it is mostly used for air defense tasks during vehicle maneuvers. Its advantages are strong maneuverability and rapid response. By observing the field of view related glass, the operator operates the missile tower to lock the enemy aircraft, mobilize the missile or machine gun to attack, and the missile changes from the normal state to the combat state. only takes 3 seconds, and the interval between each launch is only 5 sec.
四
The actual combat of the "Avenger"
The "Avenger" air defense system was deployed on the Persian Gulf battlefield for the first time. , and was later deployed on the Bosnian battlefield to escort NATO peacekeeping forces, and served in the 2003 Iraq War. The Blue Army has performed well in both short-range field air defense and base defense tasks.
In recent years, as the threat from unmanned aerial systems has grown, the US military in South Korea deployed the "Avenger" air defense system in 2018 to enhance regional air defense capabilities and conducted verification tests, respectively. The .50 machine gun was calibrated to adjust the rate of fire to 950 to 1,100 rounds per minute, and required the gunner to attack targets at 800 meters, 900 meters and 1,000 meters from inside the turret, and was prequalified.
The mission of deploying the "Avenger" air defense system is to provide protection for its reconnaissance, intelligence, surveillance and target acquisition work. It is designed to combat low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle systems and high-speed fixed-wing threats. The Avenger system has high maneuverability and is very suitable for .
五
The past and present life of the Taiwanese version of the "Avenger"
The "Avenger" air defense system is not only deployed in the U.S. Army , Marine Corps and National Guardsmen, is also purchased by many countries and regions, such as in 2006 From 2008 to 2008, Egypt purchased 75 sets, the United Arab Emirates purchased 78 sets, and Iraq purchased 40 sets in 2013.
The most eye-catching thing is that Taiwan purchased 74 sets of "Avenger" air defense systems from the United States in 1996. However, due to the insufficient procurement budget of the Taiwan Army, the Taiwan Army did not purchase the American Sentinel radar. Instead, it used the self-developed Bee Eye radar to integrate with the command vehicle and the Avenger system to achieve a linkage effect.
Judging from information disclosed by the "Military News Agency" in 2018, the 58th Artillery Headquarters Air Defense Force responsible for air defense missions in central Taiwan is equipped with the "Avenger" air defense system and is equipped with a Bee Eye radar system Drills and tests were conducted.
What this unit will deal with during wartime is our eastern theater. According to a spokesperson for the Taiwan Army, the newly installed "Avenger" air defense system can ensure that ground troops are protected from enemy fighter attacks, and form an all-weather air defense readiness capability..
In the early stages of procurement, before it was equipped with phase-controlled radar , Taiwanese version of "Avenger" only relied on two sets of photoelectric systems , which could only lock on after discovering the target. It was basically a "blind eye" " stage, coupled with the fact that it takes time to lock the turntable and missiles, the capabilities of the "Avenger" air defense system are greatly weakened, and it does not have much effect on short-range field air defense.
With the installation of the Hummingbird radar, the Taiwanese version of the "Avenger" air defense system can finally open its "eyes" . However, due to technical problems, the Beehive Eye radar cannot be the same size as the Sentinel radar, so it cannot be installed. On the Humvee, a new support unit can only be added to place the radar . Therefore, the Taiwanese version of the "Avenger" air defense system will become complicated in terms of operating procedures and will also increase the number of operators.
六
Can the gradually declining "Avengers" complete their revenge?
Since the "Avenger" air defense system was developed and put into service in 1980, it has been continuously updated and iterated due to its highly modular characteristics. However, due to its own limitations and the constant changes in the modern battlefield, was The U.S. Army's "Interim Mobile Short-Range Air Defense" bid was defeated by Leonardo's proposal .
Boeing Company has long discovered that the Hummer chassis still has great shortcomings in bulletproof capabilities. Even if bulletproof armor is installed, the off-road performance of the Hummer itself will be greatly reduced . Therefore, the Stryker armored vehicle was selected in the bidding. A solution combined with the "Avengers" system.
However, compared with the remote-controlled turret system of four-unit Stinger missiles plus two-unit Hellfire missiles and a 30mm chain gun proposed by Leonardo, it seems to have no advantage.
The U.S. Army’s bid is to make up for the short-range air defense gap in Europe, and Army procurement director Cortrina said at the ComDef meeting that “weapons and equipment that are not modern enough cannot be accepted.” This also further prompted the "Avengers" "Bid for air defense system failed .
This also brings great inspiration to the current development of short-range air defense. Equipment should be continuously adjusted to meet the needs of modern battlefields, and a comprehensive three-dimensional air defense system should be built to enhance the overall air defense strength.
How much do you know about "Avengers"? Welcome to leave a message in the comment area for discussion.
