He Yingqin, a senior official in the Kuomintang, was awarded the rank of first-class general. He was once considered to be a figure on par with Chiang Kai-shek .
He Yingqin
He Yingqin has followed Chiang Kai-shek for many years and has always been a direct descendant of Chiang Kai-shek. On the eve of the end of the Liberation War, he clearly had the option of fleeing to the United States to spend his remaining years, but in the end he resolutely chose to go to Taiwan to accompany Chiang Kai-shek.
However, in Taiwan, He Yingqin was jumping up and down, working hard for Chiang Kai-shek's "counter-offensive", but he was always disliked by Chiang Kai-shek. Why?
After hesitating again and again, he followed Chiang to return to Taiwan
In 1949, the People's Liberation Army crossed the river with a million troops and was as powerful as a rainbow.
On the other hand, the Kuomintang has reached a critical moment of life and death. Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi are still quarreling with Chiang Kai-shek and fighting for power. For the successive defeats in the War of Liberation, the two sides "passed the blame" to each other.
Li Zongren
At the critical moment, Chiang Kai-shek made a move to retreat instead of advance, announcing his resignation, allowing Li Zongren to become the "acting president" as he wished, while he publicly withdrew, but in fact he was still controlling power behind the scenes.
On April 23 of the same year, the People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing. When the news came, He Yingqin, who was in charge of cabinet affairs in Guangzhou at the time, immediately took the lead in resigning - there was nothing to do, so run away for your life!
Anyone with a discerning eye can see that the defeat of the Kuomintang is already a certainty. Now they have to either risk their lives to "serve the party and the country" or flee overseas or to places such as Hong Kong to protect themselves wisely.
The People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing
In fact, many important members of the Kuomintang had already made the choice to flee to Hong Kong. This was He Yingqin's idea.
He fled to Hong Kong with his family and planned to spend his remaining years in the United States, but he did not choose to leave immediately.
After all, He Yingqin is still unwilling to give up. If the Kuomintang does not fall, how powerful will he be? He fled to the United States and spent his entire life in obscurity.
There is no need to worry about life safety in Hong Kong anyway, so He Yingqin chooses to wait and see for the time being.
He Yingqin
In the late period of the Liberation War, many problems broke out within the Kuomintang, including official corruption, lack of military discipline, and chaotic command... The combined effect of many reasons made the People's Liberation Army, with divine help, finally force Chiang Kai-shek to flee to Taiwan.
At this point, He Yingqin gave up completely and decided to take his family to the United States for asylum.
Unexpectedly, a letter from Chiang Kai-shek made him hesitate. Chiang Kai-shek expressed his sincere words in the letter, hoping that he would come to Taiwan to "share the joys and sorrows" and that he would not be treated badly when he "made a comeback" in the future.
Reluctant He Yingqin finally took his family to Taiwan.
However, after arriving in Taiwan, He Yingqin knew that he was terribly wrong. When he got off the plane, he noticed something was wrong. There were not many people to greet him.
As a first-level general of the Kuomintang, even if Chiang Kai-shek did not come to greet him in person, he should send someone to make some grand scene. The scene in front of him made He Yingqin's heart skip a beat.
Sure enough, Chiang Kai-shek simply sent someone over to take care of him, and did not even arrange accommodation for He Yingqin. In the end, it was a former subordinate of He Yingqin who lent him a small building to keep him and his family from living on the streets.
He Yingqin also discovered that he was not the only one who was neglected. Those who had conflicts with Chiang Kai-shek in the mainland in the past were facing "purge", including Bai Chongxi, who had "forced the palace" with Li Zongren.
Bai Chongxi
Compared with Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi, although He Yingqin had some unpleasantness with Chiang Kai-shek, he had been loyal to Chiang Kai-shek for many years and basically never deviated from Chiang Kai-shek in the general direction.
In the Northern Expedition, the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Encirclement and Suppression of the Red Army, the War of Liberation and many other major events, He Yingqin basically relied on and took orders from Chiang Kai-shek.
For the Kuomintang and Chiang Kai-shek, He Yingqin can be said to have made great contributions through hard work, but why does Chiang Kai-shek not miss his old friendship so much now?
In fact, at the beginning, the relationship between Jiang and He was very good, and they were even tied in status within the Kuomintang.
We met in the early years and had a good relationship
He Yingqin was born on April 2, 1890, from Xingyi, Guizhou Province.
His ancestors came to Guizhou with the army in the late Qing Dynasty. Later, when the situation changed, his ancestors turned to business and farming, and finally settled in Fengbo Bay, , Nidang Town, .
By the time He Yingqin was born, his family already had considerable assets.
He Yingqin was physically strong since he was a child. He studied in a private school at the age of seven. He was smart, studious, and ambitious.
He Yingqin
At the age of 17, He Yingqin was admitted to Guiyang Army Primary School with excellent results. In just one year, he was selected to enter the Army No. 3 Middle School in Wuchang. The following year, he was sent to the Army of the Qing government with his first place. Study abroad at Zhenwu School in Japan.
's experience in Japan played a crucial role in He Yingqin's life.
On the one hand, he received military education, laying the foundation for his future rise. On the other hand, he was also exposed to anti-Qing revolutionary ideas and joined the " Alliance " founded by Sun Yat-sen.
But the most important thing is that He Yingqin met a person who was very important to him in Japan-Chiang Kai-shek.
Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek happened to be studying in the school at that time, and was one grade higher than He Yingqin.
As a "senior" and both Chinese, and seeing that He Yingqin was good, Chiang Kai-shek naturally acted like a "big brother" and took care of him as much as possible. The two became friends and had a very good relationship.
The time came to January 1924, when He Yingqin was at a low point in his life.
After graduating from a Japanese school, he followed the Tongmenghui and served as company commander, battalion commander and other positions. Later, after the second revolution failed, he once again traveled east to Japan to study and made many connections in Japan.
He Yingqin
came back from Japan again. He Yingqin climbed into the lap of Guizhou warlord Liu Xianshi, married Liu Xianshi's niece, and became the commander of the Fourth Regiment of the First Division of the Guizhou Army.
The Guizhou Army was divided into the "New School" and the "Old School". Although He Yingqin was recommended by Liu Xianshi, he believed that Liu Xianshi's "Old School" style was not in line with the current era. He eventually united with the "New School" to force Liu Xianshi away, and seized the throne with Wang Wenhua of the "New School". Get great power.
Liu Xianshi
Not long after, Wang Wenhua was assassinated by his enemies, and He Yingqin was deported to Kunming. At that time, Liu Xianshi was resentful about He Yingqin's ungratefulness and sent someone to stab him. He Yingqin escaped and went to Shanghai to recuperate.
Three years later, He Yingqin came to Guangzhou to serve under Sun Yat-sen. He was far less prosperous than when he took control of the military in Guizhou.
It was at this time that Chiang Kai-shek took action and helped him.
At that time, Sun Yat-sen ordered Chiang Kai-shek and others to prepare for the establishment of Huangpu Military Academy to recruit talents. As soon as Chiang Kai-shek received the appointment, he immediately thought of his "schoolmate" and colleague-He Yingqin.
In addition, He Yingqin was well-known when he ran a martial arts school in Guizhou. He was capable and had a relationship with him. Chiang Kai-shek was naturally happy to support him.
Lao Jiang invited He Yingqin to participate in the preparations for the military academy. He Yingqin had experience in running a martial arts school and was very comfortable in doing this kind of work, which really helped a lot.
Military Academy was built, and Sun Yat-sen was delighted. He Yingqin was awarded the rank of Major General and served as the deputy chief instructor of Whampoa Military Academy.
Since then, the relationship between Chiang Kai-shek and He Yingqin has become increasingly close.
He Yingqin
During the Eastern Expedition Chen Jiongming, Chiang Kai-shek was in danger. He Yingqin repaid his kindness and actively rescued him. Chiang Kai-shek was greatly grateful and he regarded him as a confidant from then on.
After the Northern Expedition was about to win, Chiang Kai-shek exposed his ambitions and discussed the "suppression of the Communists" plan with He Yingqin before launching the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, which shows that he has great trust in He.
He Yingqin felt that Chiang Kai-shek's promotion and his elevated status naturally brought ambition, so he actively supported Chiang Kai-shek's anti-communist campaign and hugged Chiang Kai-shek's thigh.
During that period, He Yingqin responded to Chiang Kai-shek's orders and targeted the Communists, surrounding the Jiangsu Provincial Communist Party Headquarters and the Provincial Federation of Trade Unions. Later, he disbanded the Nanjing Communist Party branch in Nanjing, arrested CCP cadres, and massacred Communists. It is known in history as "April 12" "Tragedy .
At this point, both He Yingqin and Chiang Kai-shek have reached the opposite side of the Communist Party, just like grasshoppers in the same boat.
Outsiders have always believed that He Yingqin was a "direct descendant" of Chiang Kai-shek. What happened later that caused a rift between the two closely related people?
It started with the forced uterus, and the rift gradually developed.
The rift between Chiang Kai-shek and He Yingqin began when Chiang Kai-shek was "forced into the uterus" for the first time.
Ninghan split, Wang Jingwei's Wuhan National Government responded to Chiang Kai-shek, and used electricity to fight against the Communist Party and Chiang Kai-shek.
Wang Jingwei and Chiang Kai-shek
At the end of the Northern Expedition, Bai Chongxi, one of the giants of the Guangxi warlords, as a military genius, was very dissatisfied with some of Chiang Kai-shek's plans and deployments, feeling that he was "unqualified" and did not have enough talent to command the overall situation.
Li Zongren, another leader of the Guangxi warlords, coveted Chiang Kai-shek's position and wanted to replace him. Feng Yuxiang, Yan Xishan and others were also dissatisfied with Chiang Kai-shek.
With the joint efforts of many parties, this group of people finally took practical actions to force Chiang Kai-shek to "resign."
At the "forcing the palace" meeting, headed by Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi, with Feng Yuxiang and Yan Xishan cheering on, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly appeared weak.
Chiang Kai-shek
Bai Chongxi directly proposed at the meeting that Chiang Kai-shek should resign. Chiang Kai-shek felt that he was weak at the time. He turned back and looked at He Yingqin, hoping that he would come forward to support him.
However, He Yingqin remained silent.
Why?
It's very simple. Anyone who looks at the scene in front of them will think that Chiang Kai-shek has enemies on all sides and it is difficult to win. If he supports him, he will only offend other Kuomintang warlords with him and end up miserable.
He Yingqin
When Chiang Kai-shek saw He Yingqin's silence, he immediately looked sad and left in anger.
"If he had spoken out to support me at that time, maybe I wouldn't have had to leave."
Later, Chiang Kai-shek said this, obviously very worried.
In Chiang Kai-shek's view, if he had not supported him in the first place, how would he have had the chance to be promoted by Sun Yat-sen?
Lao Jiang felt very unhappy at being "betrayed" by the person he single-handedly promoted.
He Yingqin certainly has his own reasons.
It is true that Chiang Kai-shek helped him, but to get to this point, he mainly relied on his own ability to establish a military academy, train soldiers, conduct the Northern Expedition and the Eastern Expedition, and expel the Communist Party. What did I not help you with?
Although there is a small debt, it is not enough for me to offend so many "big guys" for you. I can only say that you have made too many enemies and you deserve the blame.
This was the origin of Jiang He's conflict, and it was also the first time the two had a rift, and their relationship was no longer as close as it used to be.
Chiang Kai-shek and Soong Meiling
What Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi never expected was that after Chiang Kai-shek stepped down from power, he embraced the Song family 's lap and came together to marry Soong Meiling.
The Song family has always been the backbone of the Kuomintang revolution, providing a lot of funds to support the revolutionary cause. Chiang Kai-shek relied on Soong Meiling and the relationship between the Song family to turn defeat into victory.
tried hard to make amends, but was still abandoned
On December 10, 1927, Chiang Kai-shek, who had the support of Soong Meiling, made a comeback, and passed the resolution of the preparatory meeting of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Second Central Committee of the Kuomintang, asking Chiang to be reinstated.
Chiang Kai-shek immediately retaliated upon his return. Taking advantage of He Yingqin's absence, Chiang Kai-shek went to the Xuzhou General Headquarters to revoke He Yingqin's various positions. Later, after people smoothed things over, Chiang Kai-shek arranged the position of chief of staff for He Yingqin, which was actually equivalent to "throwing him into the cold palace."
When Chiang Kai-shek returned, Li Zongren, Feng Yuxiang and others were naturally dissatisfied, and the " Central Plains War " broke out.
Lao Jiang then realized that he could not lose the general He Yingqin, so he activated him again and ordered He Yingqin to go to the front line to supervise the army in combat.
The Central Plains War finally ended with Chiang Kai-shek's victory. He completely established his position as the "boss" in the Kuomintang and suppressed Feng Yuxiang and Li Zongren.
He Yingqin undoubtedly helped a lot in this.
Old Chiang Kai-shek knew that the Red Army had not yet been wiped out, so he did not "settle accounts after the fall". He appointed He Yingqin as the Minister of Military and Political Affairs and deployed the " encirclement and suppression " campaign.
He Yingqin
It can be seen that He Yingqin knew that Chiang Kai-shek was very upset about his "betrayal", so he wanted to try his best to make amends and repair the relationship between the two.
Later, when the Xi'an Incident broke out, He Yingqin personally led 100,000 troops to rescue him, hoping to use force to force Zhang Xueliang to release Chiang Kai-shek.
However, after Chiang Kai-shek was rescued, he heard rumors that He Yingqin's apparent rescue was fake, but in fact he had a "disloyal heart" and wanted to force Zhang Xueliang to jump over the wall and kill himself.
There is no way to verify whether this statement is true or false, but it is true that He Yingqin personally led an army to rescue him.
Chiang Kai-shek was too suspicious, and He Yingqin had committed a "criminal record" again, so he paid attention to it.
In order to check and balance He Yingqin, Chiang Kai-shek cultivated his crony Chen Cheng. In the late period of the Anti-Japanese War, he took away He Yingqin's position as Minister of Military Affairs and granted it to Chen Cheng, gradually weakening He Yingqin's power.
The Anti-Japanese War ended, and the War of Liberation followed. Within a few years, the Kuomintang was defeated in Taiwan. The Kuomintang fled and the captured were captured. He Yingqin finally chose to go to Taiwan to support Chiang Kai-shek.
This time, he really put his hot face against his cold butt.
He Yingqin
Chiang Kai-shek learned a painful lesson from his defeat to the Communist Party. He believed that the reason why he was defeated was because there were too many people in the Kuomintang who played tricks on him. Therefore, he had to deal with those who opposed or did things that were not conducive to him in the past. , Lao Jiang didn’t even look at him well.
He Yingqin was a smart man. He immediately realized that something was wrong and tried his best to make up for it. After
arrived in Taiwan, he actively supported Chiang Kai-shek, made remarks, and impeached Li Zongren, who fled to the United States, to show his loyalty.
Li Zongren
You can often see articles published by He Yingqin in major media, most of which are flattering remarks about Chiang Kai-shek's talents. He also established the "Sino-Japanese Cultural and Economic Association" for Chiang Kai-shek to communicate with Japan and restore the "Chinese Boy Scouts Association" , cultivating talents for Chiang Kai-shek.
Considering that Chiang Kai-shek had fled to Taiwan and was lacking in power and in urgent need of support, He Yingqin remembered that he had good connections in Japan and offered to go to Japan to visit Neji Okamura to win over Chiang Kai-shek.
Okamura Neji committed a major crime as the commander of the military during Japan's invasion of China. It was He Yingqin's obstruction that allowed him to escape trial.
Ningji Okamura
Now, in order to express his loyalty to Chiang Kai-shek, He Yingqin went to Japan to interview this person. It is really disgraceful and disgraceful to the Chinese people.
However, even though He Yingqin had put up a posture of sacrificing his dignity to please him, Chiang Kai-shek did not give him a good look and was determined not to reuse him.
However, in order to avoid being criticized, after Chiang Kai-shek restored the "presidential" power, he still gave He Yingqin some benefits, allowing him to serve as a member of the Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee and the director of the "Presidential Office Strategic Advisory Committee" in the army.
He Yingqin in his later years
The names of these two positions sound quite big, but in fact they have no power.
The Director of Strategic Consultants has a vacant position and is just a decoration. It can be seen that Chiang Kai-shek and He Yingqin are "overwhelmed" and there is no possibility of reconciliation. In the final analysis, Chiang Kai-shek is still too suspicious.
Conclusion
In his later years, He Yingqin jumped up and down to please Chiang Kai-shek, like a clown. However, he was always despised by Chiang Kai-shek and was not allowed to be reused.
However, there are good and bad things. I have to admit that He Yingqin was a smart man. Although he was not reused, he managed to save his life by trying to please him and was not killed by Chiang Kai-shek. He died of illness in 1987.
Bai Chongxi
Bai Chongxi, who was also invited to Taiwan, died "suspected of sudden death" in 1966 because he did not know how to please Chiang Kai-shek., which is thought-provoking.
Even if it sticks to Taiwan, the Kuomintang is still full of intrigues. It can be seen that it is not surprising that Chiang Kai-shek will lose to the Communist Party.
