Sasha Today in History.
Author: Sasha
This article is original to Sasha. Reprinting by any media is prohibited.
How much territory did the Soviet Union gain from other countries during World War II ? June 29, 1945: Czechoslovakia ceded Carpathian Ukraine to the Soviet Union.
You may be surprised, wasn't Czechoslovakia a member of the later Warsaw Pact ? Why did the Soviet Union still annex its territory after World War II?
In fact, after World War II, the Soviet Union occupied a large amount of territory, and most of it belonged to friendly countries.
ranks first, Finland has nearly 50,000 square kilometers.
In 1939, the Soviet Union launched the Soviet-Finnish War and invaded neighboring Finland.
Facing the giant Soviet Union with a population of more than 100 million, Finland, a small country with only a few million people, fought bloody battles and made huge sacrifices.
70,000 soldiers, including the world's number one sniper king Simon Hayes, were killed or injured, and nearly 400,000 Soviet troops were annihilated.
After all, small countries cannot deal with big countries. Finland was eventually defeated and ceded a large area of territory: Finland lost 10% of its territory (a total of 38,000 square kilometers), 20% of its industry, 11% of its cultivated land, and 12% of its population. forced migration.
After the Soviet-German War broke out, Finland joined the Axis Powers in order to regain these lost territories.
With the defeat of Germany, Finland once again lost the territory it had regained in the war and surrendered for the second time.
The Soviet Union made its final request: demanding compensation from Finland of US$600 million, which was later reduced to US$300 million due to British and American intervention. In addition to reparations, Finland returned all territory beyond the 1940 borders. In addition, the Petsamo region was divided into the Soviet Union, and the Palkala Peninsula was leased to the Soviet Union for fifty years.
During World War II, the small country of Finland was deprived of more than 45,000 square kilometers of territory by the Soviet Union.
Second, the three Baltic countries cover nearly 170,000 square kilometers.
In June 1940, the Soviet Union sent troops to invade the three Baltic countries and completely occupied these three small countries.
In August 1940, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia were forcibly merged into the Soviet Union.
In comparison, Finland is better than these three countries, at least it has retained most of its territory.
The three Baltic countries were directly subjugated. This was a devastating disaster. After
merged into the Soviet Union, they did not end well.
Take Lithuania as an example. During World War II, the country lost 15% of its population, which was higher than the loss rate of the Soviet Union and Germany.
The casualties of war are so heavy, and there are also many non-war disasters.
From 1940 to 1953 alone, the Soviet Union exiled more than 200,000 Baltic Sea people to other remote places in the country, and more than 70,000 people were sent to labor camps. Eventually, up to 10% of the population was deported and forced into labor camps, known in history as the June Deportations. Only half of these people survive.
Third, Poland has 180,000 square kilometers in the east.
In 1939, the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany jointly sent troops to invade and carve up Poland.
Subsequently, the Soviet Union annexed the territory of eastern Poland to its own country.
From this, the border between the Soviet Union and Poland advanced 200 kilometers towards Poland, reaching near the Curzon Line . This land, approximately 180,000 square kilometers, was never returned to Poland.
You must know that Poland is only a country with an area of 400,000 square kilometers.
Fourth, Germany’s East Prussia has 15,000 square kilometers.
After the Soviet Union occupied eastern Germany, it swallowed up East Prussia with Konigsberg as the core.
Adhering to the tradition of leaving no land behind, the Soviet Union expelled all the millions of Germans here to East Germany.
Today, only 0.6% of the population are of German descent here, while Russians and Belarusians account for 86%.
As a result, East Prussia, the important birthplace of Germany, completely became the Kaliningrad Oblast of the Soviet Union.
Fifth, Sakhalin southern part and Kuril Islands 50,000 square kilometers.
After the United States dropped the second atomic bomb, Japanese senior officials believed that the end was lost and decided to surrender unconditionally.
The Soviet Union was afraid that Japan would suddenly surrender to the United States and that it would not be able to seize the opportunity to gain benefits, so it hurriedly launched an attack on the day of the atomic bombing.
Just a few days later, the Japanese government officially announced its surrender.
In fact, the Soviet army entered a vast area including Northeast China and Inner Mongolia to accept the surrender of the Japanese army.
At the same time, the Soviet Union occupied the Japanese-controlled southern part of Sakhalin.
After the defeat of in the Russo-Japanese War, Tsarist Russia was forced to cede South Sakhalin Island.
Then, it seems reasonable for the Soviet Union to regain South Sakhalin Island by force this time.
Historically, the Southern Kuril Islands have always belonged to Japan.
This was the peace period in 1855. Tsarist Russia signed the "Japan-Russia Treaty of Peace, Affiliate and Correspondence" with Japan, which determined that the Southern Kuril Islands belonged to Japan and the Northern Kuril Islands belonged to Tsarist Russia.
The Soviet Union occupied the Southern Kuril Islands and was able to control the entire Kuril Islands.
Sixth, Bessarabia and Transcarpathia 50,000 square kilometers
The Soviet Union annexed Bessarabia and became the Moldova Union Republic, which was part of the Soviet Union.
Bessarabia was merged with Romania in 1918. Both countries were Dacian.
The Soviet Union forced Romania, a member of the Axis Powers, to give up the territory of Bessarabia and established Moldova, which was part of the Soviet Union.
In other words, the Soviet Union annexed the Bessarabia region.
Transcarpathia (Carpathian Ukraine) was originally part of Czechoslovakia and was included in the territory of the Soviet Union in 1945.
You must know that Romania and Czechoslovakia later became members of the Warsaw Pact, and the Soviet Union showed no mercy to the territories of these two countries.
seventh, Outer Mongolia 1.8 million square kilometers.
Outer Mongolia was a Chinese territory in the Qing Dynasty. It was not until 1912, when the Republic of China was established, that it was supported by Tsarist Russia and became independent.
Outer Mongolia is a puppet state of Tsarist Russia, and all power is controlled by Tsarist Russia.
In 1915, the Tsarist Empire began to collapse from within. Outer Mongolia lost its backing and was declared "independent". In 1919, the Beiyang Governmentled by Xu Shuzheng sent troops to regain Outer Mongolia.
In 1920, the Soviet Union completely wiped out Chinese military forces in Outer Mongolia, completely separating the country from China.
In 1944, Stalin sent troops to the Northeast to attack Japan in exchange for the British and American approval for his annexation of Outer Mongolia.
On August 14, 1945, after the Soviet army invaded Northeast China, the Chinese National Government signed the "Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance" and was forced to agree to the independence of Outer Mongolia.
As a result, Outer Mongolia, which covers an area of 1.8 million square kilometers, is completely separated from China.
On the surface, the Soviet Union did not annex Outer Mongolia, but only retained Outer Mongolia in form. The politics, economy, culture, education, administration and especially the military of Outer Mongolia were all in the hands of the Soviet Union and were equivalent to a union republic.
eighth, Tangnu Ulianghai .17 million square kilometers.
Tangnu Ulianghai was part of the Chinese territory in the Qing Dynasty and was not part of Outer Mongolia. The main ethnic group here is the Tuva people, who are descendants of the Turks, not the Mongols.
The "independence" of Outer Mongolia has nothing to do with Tangnu Ulianghai.
The Soviet Union generally recognized this.
The "Tangnu-Tuva People's Republic" was established in Tangnu Ulianghai in 1921, and was soon renamed the Tuva People's Republic, and the Soviet Union recognized it as an independent country.
The Republic of China once recovered this place: in the second half of 1918, the Beijing government appointed Yan Shichao as the assistant commissioner of Tangnu Ulianghai, and led troops into the local area to expel the remaining Tsarist Russian forces in the Tangnu Ulianghai area; in June of the following year, it was restored It exercised sovereignty over the area until it was defeated and withdrawn by the Soviet Union in 1921.
In 1944, during the critical period of World War II, the Soviet Union took advantage of China's critical situation in the No. 1 Battle of the Japanese Army and suddenly announced that Tangnu Ulianghai would be annexed to the Soviet Union and become the Tuva Autonomous Prefecture.
The Chinese government has no time to care about this and can only refuse to recognize it diplomatically.
The Republic of China government recognized the independence of Outer Mongolia in 1945, but never recognized the independence of Tangnu Ulianghai.
As a result, the Soviet Union swallowed up another 170,000 square kilometers of China's land.
Ninth, there are still some sporadic territorial changes that cannot be counted.
Some Chinese people praise the Soviet Union to the sky, saying that it conducted the great Patriotic War and defeated Nazi Germany.
Don’t you know that the Soviet Union took the opportunity to acquire 2.5 million square kilometers of land from neighboring countries, which is equivalent to an area of 7 Germany?
Ironically, nearly 2 million of these 2.5 million square kilometers come from China.
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