In developed countries, the immunization program for pets is well implemented, and some certificates are required to raise pets. Domestic pets are less exposed to wild animals, so domestic pets are cleaner, and the incidence of rabies in developed countries is less.
There have been no reported cases of rabies in Japan for decades. It is currently one of the few countries that have eliminated rabies. There have always been sporadic cases in the United States, but in general there are very few cases.
Recently, a case of rabies infection occurred in the United States. A man from Illinois died of rabies. This is the first human case of Illinois since 1954. According to foreign media reports, 87-year-old Thomas Krob from Spring Grove, Illinois, USA, was bitten by a bat but refused to be vaccinated, eventually leading to his own death.
According to the investigation of the local health department, in August this year, the man found a bat on his neck after waking up, and this bat was also captured by the epidemic prevention department. It is presumed that the man did not close the doors and windows when he slept. The bat broke into the house, hit the doors and windows, etc. and fell. Because the limbs of the bat are not conducive to crawling, and the wings are very thin, it is difficult for it to take off again and needs to climb to it. At a high place, he did not expect to climb onto the man, possibly scratching and biting his skin.
After detecting the virus carried by the bat, the epidemic prevention department found that the bat carried the rabies virus . Rabies virus is still a very scary virus for humans. Infected people have terrible symptoms, and there is no drug treatment at present, and the infection will have a 100% mortality rate. But because the United States was notorious for vaccines,Many people refused to get the vaccine. This man refused to get the rabies vaccine . As a result, he developed related symptoms one month later.
About one month later, Krobb began to experience neck pain, headaches, arms difficulty control, numb fingers, and difficulty speaking. This is due to the erosion of the human central and peripheral nervous system by the rabies virus. It can also cause severe symptoms of fear of water and wind. As the name suggests, fear of water means fear of water, even fear of hearing the sound of water. After the patient comes into contact with water, the laryngo-muscle spasm may cause breathing difficulties, but he will die of thirst without drinking water. The man eventually died without rescue.
The Illinois Department of Public Health stated in a statement that the rabies that appeared in Klobb was the first case of humans in the state since 1954. In ancient legends, bats are always associated with bad things. In ancient Chinese legends, bats are made by rats who steal a lot of salt, and rats often steal human food, which is one of the four evils; In Western legends, bats are more powerful and even become synonymous with vampires. It is rumored that some bats specialize in vampires.
In real life, bats are actually a kind of "beneficial insects", which are mainly divided into two categories. One is the small common bats. They use ultrasonic waves to catch mosquitoes flying in the atmosphere. The size of bats is very small, and bats need a lot of energy to fly and hunt. A bat can catch about 4000 mosquitoes in one night; the other is a large bat, because the large size of the bat has poor flying skills and it is difficult for the bat to take off from the ground. Therefore, these bats mainly eat fruit, which helps plants spread seeds.
But bats are indeed vicious, mainly because of the way bats live and their physiological structure. Bats are wild animals. They catch many kinds of mosquitoes. They will inevitably suffer from virus infection or boarding (intermediate host). They also like to live in groups.As a result of the spread of viruses between populations, some have no ability to infect originally, and bats only exist as intermediate hosts. This will lead to the emergence of some mutant species of the virus, and ultimately produce the ability to infect bats. Bats are mammals, so they may spread some viruses to humans.
Researchers compared the virus host capacity of bats and rodents. They found that rodents carry 179 kinds of viruses, of which 68 are zoonotic. On the other hand, there are 61 zoonotic diseases in bats. Viruses, there are a total of 137 kinds of viruses, it is simply a virus library. And bats are also the most widely distributed group of mammals besides humans. Except for the North and South poles, bats can be found all over the world, even including deserts.
For bat humans, you must be careful. The thing to be careful about is not the bat itself, but the various pathogens carried by the bat, especially when a person is injured. The physiological structure of bats also leads to the enhancement of the immunity of viruses. They need to fly to hunt. Animals need to consume a lot of energy to fly. Therefore, the metabolism of bats is very fast, and the body temperature is about 40 ℃. This will cause some viruses to adapt to higher animal body temperatures. .
The body temperature of the human body will rise during immunization, which will kill many viruses, but the virus mutated from bats adapts to a body temperature much higher than the human body temperature, even if a person is in a fever state. At most, it is forty-one or two degrees. No matter how high it is, people themselves can't stand multiple organ failure and death. Therefore, for bats, what we can do is to reduce contact. It is best not to contact. If contact is unavoidable, we also need to clean the skin in time, and even need to be tested for related viruses in time to prevent bats from acting as intermediate hosts. Comorbidities spread to the population.
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