On November 14, 1945, a song " Qinyuanchun·Snow " was published in the supplement of Chongqing's "Xinmin Daily Evening Journal". Once it was made public, it quickly caused a sensation in the entire Chongqing.
word full text is as follows:
"The scenery of the north, thousand miles of ice , thousands of miles of snow floats.
Look at Great Wall inside and outside, but only the vastness;
The river is up and down, and suddenly it is surging.
Dancing silver snakes in the mountains, original wax figure ,
Want to compete with the heavens.
Have to compete for the sunny day, look at red and plain clothes, which is particularly enchanting.
The country is so beautiful, attracting countless heroes to compete for their waists.
Have a sunny day, and look at the red and plain clothes, which is particularly enchanting.
The country is so beautiful, attracting countless heroes to fight for their waists.
Have a sunny day. 3
cherishes Qin Emperor and Han Wu, and loses literary talent;
Tang Zong Song Zu , slightly inferior to the charm.
A generation of geniuses, Genghis Khan,
only knows how to shoot big eagles by bent bows.
all have gone, and there are many romantic figures, and it still looks at the present day."
The entire Mountain City is discussing the poem "Qinyuanchun·Snow" written by Mao Zedong, the supreme leader of the Communist Party. Countless literati and poets were admired by it, and the people were also shocked by the magnificent momentum in the poem. Only Chiang Kai-shek is in a state of depression.
"My mother, everyone is full of wine and food!" Chiang Kai-shek pointed to these Kuomintang literary figures who were very arrogant on weekdays and cursed in anger.
" Chen Bulei , how about Mao Zedong's poems?"
Chen Bulei, who was suddenly named, shivered all over, wiped his cold sweat, and shrank timidly replied: "It is majestic and enchanting, it is indeed a world-class fine product!"
"Hmph, fine product, I think he wants to dominate!" Chiang Kai-shek snorted coldly and said disdainfully.
After saying that, Chiang Kai-shek threw the newspaper hard on Chen Bulei and ordered angrily: "Hurry up and find a group of people to criticize Mao Zedong, and let the people of the whole country know that Mao Zedong came to Chongqing not for peace talks, but for the emperor!"
Chiang Kai-shek's order, countless poems criticizing Mao Zedong's poems emerged, and all kinds of monsters appeared one after another. After Mao Zedong found out, he replied with four domineering words: "Crows roared and cicadas." Noise! ”
Photo | Chairman Mao’s "Qinyuanchun·Snow"
1. Mi Tian Da Yong went to Chongqing
On August 28, 1945, at Chongqing Jiulongpo Airport, Democrats from all walks of life , patriots and domestic and foreign journalists gathered here to wait and see the arrival of a mysterious figure.
After a short while, a special plane with green grass slowly landed, and the crowd instantly boiled. After the aircraft cabin door opened, Zhou Enlai walked out with a smile, then stood sideways on the side of the gangway. Mao Zedong, wearing a helmet hat and Zhongshan suit, waved to the crowd with a kind smile.
reporter pressed the shutter crazily to record this exciting moment.
The moment when I saw Mao Zedong, everyone understood that Chongqing was the den of a dragon and tiger. Chiang Kai-shek set up this "Hongmen Banquet" to test Mao Zedong. If Mao Zedong did not come, it was destroying peace. If Mao Zedong came, there would be countless floods and beasts to welcome him.
Mao Zedong was still calm in such a bad situation. He was generous and calm, waving his hand and walking down the gangway. When the image of the "Communist" who was demonized in the hearts of the people really appeared in front of him, it only made people feel warm and friendly.
Then, Mao Zedong took off his helmet hat and walked towards the crowd, and people applauded and cheered enthusiastically.
famous figures of the Democratic League, Zhang Lan and Shen Junru, left-wingers of the Kuomintang Chen Mingshu , Tan Pingshan , Guo Moruo ,
These social celebrities representing Chongqing's progress and peace came to the airport to welcome Mao Zedong and his group.
What’s wonderful is that such a warm welcome venue was without flowers and a matching guard of honor. Chiang Kai-shek did not even send senior officials of the Kuomintang government. Only one irrelevant person was waiting at the airport, including Zhou Zhirou, member of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang, Shao Lizi, secretary-general of the Kuomintang Political Association.
Anyone with a discerning eye can see that Chiang Kai-shek's deliberate cold treatment is a hint that he did not regard Mao Zedong as a Communist leader with equal status, but was only considered a national political stakeholder.
"Friends from all walks of life in Chongqing, I brought you gifts from Yan'an. Please come here to get them!" Zhou Enlai raised a paper bag and said loudly to everyone present.
welcomed people immediately flocked to Zhou Enlai to ask for gifts, some handed over business cards and flowers, and some rushed to the door of the newspaper office, rushing to shake hands with Mao Zedong.
Mao Zedong cleared his throat and said in a loud voice: "I came to Chongqing this time and discussed the plan for the founding of the country with Mr. Chiang Kai-shek of the National Government. The War of Resistance Against Japan has ended successfully. China is about to enter the period of peaceful founding of the country... To achieve national unity, build an independent, free and prosperous new China!"
As soon as these words were spoken, the audience burst into warm applause.
Picture | Mao Zedong arrived in Chongqing by plane
Chairman of the China Democratic League Zhang Lan held tears in his eyes, held Mao Zedong's hand tightly, and was so excited that he couldn't speak for a long time.
"Are you Mr. Zhang? Are you okay?"
"Mr. Runzhi, I'm fine. Thank you for your hard work!" Zhang Lan said excitedly in a trembling voice.
Mao Zedong nodded vigorously and said affectionately: "I'm asking you to come to the airport in person on a hot day. I really dare not act like this!"
After the greetings of the crowd, Zhou Zhirou asked Mao Zedong to get on the bus and said, "Mr. Mao, can I send you directly to the guesthouse for the American VIP?"
Mao Zedong answered calmly: "I am Chinese."
Zhang Zhizhong, who was beside him, quickly stood up to smooth things over when he heard this: "Go to the cave forest garden, Mr. Jiang has prepared a residence for you."
Mao Zedong nodded reluctantly for the difficulties and waved to the crowd with Zhou Enlai. Chongqing negotiations have not officially begun, and an invisible confrontation has begun.
Then, Mao Zedong laughed and sat in the car sent by the US Embassy , heading straight to the cave garden.
That night, Chiang Kai-shek, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Wang Ruofei and other celebrities from the Kuomintang and the Communist Party gathered in the cave gardens, and for a time, from domestic to international, all eyes were staring here.
Chiang Kai-shek had no substantial preparations for Mao Zedong's arrival. In the formal talks on August 29, he avoided the important and expressed his willingness to listen to all the opinions of the CCP, and once again put forward the old saying "China has no civil war."
The CCP leaders knew this set by Chiang Kai-shek. At the negotiating table, Mao Zedong retorted loudly: "Mr. Jiang said that China does not have civil war , which is a naked deception!"
Then the CCP delegation listed a large number of examples of Chiang Kai-shek wearing "masks" of peace, wantonly undermining peace and actively preparing for civil war.
Mao Zedong's words made Chiang Kai-shek feel a little embarrassed. After a while of silence, Zhang Qun stood up to defend the Kuomintang.
Mao Zedong had expected this series of operations of the Kuomintang. After the founding of New China, he once said to the staff: "Chiang Kai-shek invited me to Chongqing, saying that it was for peace, but in fact it was testing me. When I set off, I recommended Liu Shaoqi to the Party Central Committee. Once Chiang Kai-shek killed me or put me under house arrest, Comrade Liu Shaoqi took over my job."
Although Chongqing is Chiang Kai-shek's territory, Mao Zedong insisted on walking in the courtyard to show the image of Communists who are selfless for the people, devoted themselves to the public, and love peace.
During his time in Chongqing, Mao Zedong also took a step forward in cultural chess, causing a sensation in the mountain city overnight with the song "Qinyuanchun·Snow", and completely conquered the hearts of the world.
The common people who have been deceived by the Kuomintang for a long time have only now realized that Mao Zedong was not a "bandit without culture and education" as the Kuomintang propaganda advocated, but a most talented and romantic figure in China.
pic | Mao Zedong is with democratic progressives
2. "Qinyuanchun·Snow" caused a sensation in the mountain city
August 30th is the third day after Mao Zedong arrived in Chongqing. The negotiation table is progressing slowly, and Mao Zedong decided to meet the democratic people in Chongqing.
Learn to learn that Mao Zedong was coming, Liu Yazi got up early, took out her long-cooked long gown, dressed it up, and headed straight to Guiyuan .
When Liu Yazi came to Guiyuan, Mao Zedong was talking to Huang Yanpei. Seeing that Liu Yazi was coming, the two of them quickly met and held Liu Yazi's hand tightly.
Liu Yazi looked at the supreme leader of the Communist Party in front of him and exclaimed admirably: "Mr. Mao is going to Chongqing this time. Just with your great personality, there is nothing you can't solve in this world."
then turned to Huang Yanpei and said, "I trust Mr. Mao, and I believe that there is no problem that cannot be solved in China." Mao Zedong also highly affirmed and praised Liu Yazi's contribution to the democratic revolution over the years.
After returning that night, Liu Ya couldn't sleep at night, so she picked up her pen and wrote a poem, praising Mao Zedong's courage to come to Chongqing for success in negotiations. This poem was later published in Chongqing's " Xinhua Daily ".
htmlOn September 6, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Wang Ruofei and others all came to Liu Yazi's home. This time, Mao Zedong presented his handwritten lyrics "Qinyuanchun·Snow". Liu Yazi was shocked after reading it, and she was very excited about poetry and congratulated her songs in a romance. She praised Mao Zedong's "Qinyuanchun·Snow" as "the first work in China's history."During those days, Liu Yazi's most common thing every day was to recite Mao Zedong's poem, and then write down his thoughts. After a few days, Liu Yazi thought about it more and more and more that she could enjoy such a peerless masterpiece?
After thinking about it over and over again, Liu Yazi handed Mao Zedong's poems and his own poems to the Xinhua Daily, asking the other party to publish them at the same time. After reading them, the head of the newspaper also thought that this was a peerless masterpiece, but it would not be so easy to publish them.
Liu Yazi was curious about asking why, and the person in charge shook his head helplessly and said, "The publicly publicized Mao Zedong's poems must be approved by Mao Zedong! Otherwise, we can do nothing!"
Mao Zedong has returned to Yan'an at present, and it takes a lot of time and energy to go back and forth, but it is a pity to give up such a work like this. After many consultations, the Xinhua Daily published Liu Yazi's poems on November 11.
Picture|Mao Zedong and Liu Yazi took a photo
At that time, Liu Yazi also participated in the joint calligraphy and painting exhibition organized by the Chongqing Sino-Soviet Cultural Association. At the opening ceremony, Liu Yazi took out his latest poem book, including Mao Zedong's poem "Qinyuanchun·Snow". Everyone who saw this poem praised it.
There is a private newspaper editor of "Xinmin Daily Evening Magazine" Wu Zuguang also saw this poem. He has been struggling in the cultural field for many years and was instantly impressed by Mao Zedong's poem.
He is sure that once this poem is published, it will shock the entire Chongqing and even cause a sensation across the country!
Wu Zuguang quickly took out the paper and pen and hurriedly copied Mao Zedong's manuscripts. Unfortunately, he was too panicked and copied a lot of wrong places. Afterwards, he collected three more copybooks and finally got a complete poem "Qinyuanchun·Snow".
Wu Zuguang's evaluation of Mao Zedong's poem was very high. He believed that the style of this poem was similar to that of Su Xin Ci, but it was more majestic than any Su Xin Ci verse. It can be called a look down on Liuhe and awesome!
, which is hard to come by, cannot be given up anyway. Wu Zuguang made up his mind to publish it, but the staff of the same newspaper believed that the Xinhua Daily only published Liu Yazi's lyrics and did not publish Mao Zedong's lyrics because Mao Zedong was unwilling to let people know that he wrote old-style poems, and rashly publishing it may bring disaster.
Wu Zuguang believes that the Xinhua Daily is a Communist Party newspaper and should follow Mao Zedong's order. He runs a private newspaper. As long as it does not violate public order and good customs , isn't the content published by him?
On November 14, Mao Zedong's poem "Qinyuanchun·Snow" was published in the second edition of the supplement "Western Night Tales", titled "Mao Ci·Qinyuanchun", and added a paragraph to explain that the poem "is a work of Mao Zedong's game, not a youth law, not a way for outsiders."
The poems published in "Xinmin Daily Evening Mau Te Ching-tung" have a large number of typos, but they still do not affect the sensation of this poem in Chongqing.
Celebrities in Chongqing’s cultural circle have come forward to inquire. Is this poem really a work of Mao Zedong? Under what circumstances was it born?
Picture | Mao Zedong wrote "Qinyuanchun·Snow" in northern Shaanxi
This wonderful poem that is the best in ancient and modern times is indeed a handwritten by Chairman Mao. It was born in northern Shaanxi with heavy snow...
On October 11, 1935, Mao Zedong led the Red Army team with only 7,000 people, crossed the wind and snow, crossed the swamp, and went through thousands of difficulties to reach Wuqi Town, northern Shaanxi, and finally saw the dawn of victory in the Long March . After the Wayaobao Conference, Mao Zedong led the Chinese People's Red Army Anti-Japanese Pioneer Army and headed straight to the Yellow River. At the Qingjian County , which is only more than 20 miles away from the Yellow River, Mao Zedong stood on the top of the plateau, coincided with a heavy snow raging on the Qin and Jin Plateau. The majestic and magnificent Loess Plateau, but it was covered in silver at this moment.
Looking at the vast land of China in front of me, Mao Zedong put his hands on his hips and waved it to write this poem "Qinyuanchun·Snow" which is the best in ancient and modern times.
Around Chongqing, from young people to old people, from the Kuomintang to the democratic figures, praised this poem. No one could have imagined that the "Red Bandits without any culture or education" could write such a grand and majestic work.
Kuotong District people, especially cultural elements, know little about the Communist Party and Mao Zedong. Under Chiang Kai-shek's long-term propaganda, Mao Zedong became a "grass-broken hero" who occupied the mountain and became king, and rumors that "the Red Army passed Guizhou and washed his feet in Maotai liquor " were also rumored.
But the great mind and great spirit reflected in this song "Qinyuanchun·Snow" is really shocking. Who else can you expect if you don't rely on such a romantic figure to govern the country and pacify the world? By comparison, Chiang Kai-shek, who was dressed in military uniform and full of fame and fortune, became a martial artist who "only knew how to bend his bow and shoot big eagles."
pic | Chiang Kai-shek
3. The crowds are full of rabies, crows are roaring and cicadas are hiding
Not long after, Chiang Kai-shek also saw this song "Qinyuanchun·Snow". His first reaction was that he did not believe that this was a lyrics filled in by Mao Zedong. Putting aside these, it was indeed a magnificent good word. He immediately found a counselor Chen Bulei and asked, " Bulei , do you think this lyrics were written by Mao Zedong?"
Chen Bulei was one of the few insiders at that time, so he knew this lyrics. It was written by Mao Zedong, so he nodded vigorously. This answer made Chiang Kai-shek very disappointed. He asked unwillingly, "How about Mao Zedong's poems?"
Chen Bulei bent, wiped his cold sweat, and replied timidly: "It's majestic and enchanting, it's indeed a masterpiece!"
Hearing this, Chiang Kai-shek frowned and asked, "Is there nothing unsatisfactory, such as the evaluation of historical figures, rhymes, etc."
Chiang Kai-shek just wanted to pick bones in the eggs to balance his jealousy.
Chen Bulei took the newspaper and read it carefully for a long time before saying, "As far as I know, Mao Zedong is very proficient in ancient Chinese literature and history. For him, writing poems and lyrics is not difficult."
did not hear the answer he wanted, and Chiang Kai-shek said in a furious manner: "I think his lyrics have the idea of emperors. I want to imitate Tang Zong and Song Zu. He wants to dominate!"
Chen Bulei looked at the newspaper in embarrassment and clicked He nodded and said, "Well, there are, too."
Chiang Kai-shek threw the newspaper on Chen Bulei hard: "Hurry up and find a group of people to criticize Mao Zedong, and let the people of the whole country know that Mao Zedong came to Chongqing not for peace talks, but for the emperor!"
Chiang Kai-shek's order, all the "demons and ghosts" in the cultural circle of Chongqing jumped out, and a group of right-wing imperial literati of the Kuomintang stood up and "wanted to compete with Mao Zedong for a higher level." They held high the banner of "opposing retro and feudalism", scolded Mao Zedong for having imperial thoughts and clamoring to debate with Mao Zedong.
The newspapers and magazines controlled by the Central Propaganda Department of the Kuomintang also published this poem and launched a siege.
Wu Zuguang from "Xinmin Daily Evening Magazine" indeed caused great trouble. The Kuomintang sent people to call him and scold him, accusing him of publishing Mao Zedong's words "to show his attention to the Communist Party and surrender to the Communist Party." Wu Zuguang ran around and the matter was settled.
Soon, more and more people attacked Mao Zedong's works. Wang Xinming, the chief editor of the Kuomintang's Central Daily News, wrote a poem, crazily praising Chiang Kai-shek, slandering Mao Zedong, and even claimed that Mao Zedong wanted to put down his butcher's knife, which was a representative of "reactionary literati".
There is also a higher level Peking University Bachelor of Arts and Master of Waseda University Yi Junzuo . His lyrics are published in his lyrics, and he expressed his feelings of worrying about the country and the people. If you savor it carefully, it actually has ulterior motives. Yi Junzuo actually falsely accused the armed revolution led by the Communist Party of China as "Huang Chao kills officials, Bai Qi traps soldiers", which is really sinister.
Seeing that Mao Zedong was besieged by everyone, Guo Moruo quickly stood up and published his works to praise Mao Zedong, and pointed out the difference between Mao Zedong and ancient emperors. Later, Guo Moruo published an article in the Shanghai Weekly to correct Mao Zedong's poems.
In short, as soon as "Qinyuanchun·Snow" was released, the lifeless Chongqing cultural circle became active instantly, and democratic patriots and the Kuomintang opposition, they fought back and forth, using their pen as their swords, and launched endless struggles.
Picture | Guo Moruo and Mao Zedong took a photo
The author of "Qinyuanchun·Snow", Mao Zedong himself, did not know that this cultural war occurred in Chongqing because of the information blocked by the Kuomintang-controlled area. It was not until Wang Ruofei sorted out all the newspapers and magazines attacking "Qinyuanchun·Snow" and sent it to Yan'an that Mao Zedong knew about this.
Mao Zedong did not respond to these unsightly words and overwhelming criticisms. Later, Mao Zedong wrote a letter to Wang Ruofei's uncle, patriotic and democratic Huang Qisheng , and mentioned this matter lightly.
"Ruofei sent me a report to pay for the previous reading, and I begged to return it after reading it. The Chinese Democratic Party's swearing in people, crows roaring and cicadas, can be sprayed with food and pay for it."
A good sentence "crows roaring and cicadas" vividly summarizes the hypocritical and sinister faces of the Kuomintang literati. The literati who should have promoted the right path, maintained peace, and had a noble character, have become such a civilian after being polluted by the right squatter of the Kuomintang.
After seeing Mao Zedong's letter, Huang Qisheng was deeply inspired to write lyrics on the Kuomintang's "swearing works" and hit these lackeys head-on.
The poem "Qinyuanchun" written by Huang Qisheng has become an authentic political poem:
"Democracy is like a ship, civil rights are like water, why are the water rising and the ship not high?"
Comparing the relationship between democracy and civil rights to the relationship between ship and water, it is quite philosophical compared with the words written by the Kuomintang's wine bags.
It’s a pity that Huang Qisheng died with Wang Ruofei, Ye Ting and others due to a plane crash, which was a great loss to the Chinese revolution.
pic | Huang Qisheng
After the Chongqing negotiations, this literary struggle launched in Chongqing and even the whole country with the lyrics of Qinyuanchun as the form of singing and singing has become a great wonder on Chinese modern and contemporary history.
Later, the Kuomintang government moved from Chongqing to Nanjing. Literary writers from Nanjing and Shanghai still published works and articles to evaluate Mao Zedong's "Qinyuanchun·Snow".
"Qinyuanchun·Snow" was popular in the cultural circle and caused a lot of sensation in other industries. A hotel owner in Chengdu immediately hung up the sign of "Qinyuanchun" and wrote a hundred poems "Qinyuanchun·Snow" on the wall of the hotel, becoming a "Internet celebrity attraction" that everyone checked in at that time.
On January 28, 1946, Mao Zedong received the poem written by Liu Yazi after reading "Qinyuanchun·Snow". In his reply, he wrote down his feelings, thanking Mr. Liu Yazi for his poems and thanking him for his efforts in state affairs.
Picture | People's Leader Mao Zedong
This "cultural encirclement and suppression" launched by the reactionary factions of the Kuomintang did not cause any turmoil in our party.According to Mao Zedong's instructions, Xinhua Daily did not publish any other congratulatory speeches or any rebuttal articles. It was just that on May 23, 1946, a "Editor's Note" was written in the middle version of Xinhua Daily:
"After Comrade Mao Zedong's chants snow , it was published, and there were many good people who arbitrarily misinterpreted the ugly and slandered people, forcibly interpreted the black and white, and falsely accused the feudal emperor's thoughts. Although 'the swayed the big tree, it was ridiculous and unpredictable'."
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