6 years ago, when Xu Xuming returned to his hometown to compete for the village committee director, he would not have thought that one day he would become the operator of the entire Guangming Village collective economy.
In July 2019, Hangzhou Lin'an Guangming Collective Economic Development Co., Ltd., as the first village-level collective economic development company in Hangzhou, was officially established. At that time, Xu Xuming, who was the head of Guangming Farm and the director of Guangming Village Village Committee, took the responsibility of the company's chairman and led the small village to start a new transformation in traditional rural management and operation.
A year has passed, and the development of the countryside can be said to be thriving: in the year of corporate transformation, Guangming Village's collective economic income reached 1.24 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 110%; of which operating income is 1 million yuan, an increase of 100% over 2018, almost becoming a legend in the local area.
How did all this be done? What story happened to rural collective assets in the transformation of corporate operations? What kind of inspiration does it provide for other rural development? This summer, we went to Lin'an, hoping to use Guangming Village as a window to observe and record Zhejiang's efforts and changes in rural revitalization.
integrated into the market
village collectively "blood-making"
in Lin'an, Guangming Village has been in the image of a "pathfinder" over the years.
It once encountered a dilemma like many villages: the per capita arable land is less than one acre, and more than half of the labor force in the village goes out to work. Some of the remaining land planted thunder bamboo, some grow rice, and some keep abandoned and lost control. The average profit per mu of land is only three to five hundred yuan. The
turnaround occurred in 2015. As one of the 12 pilot projects for the confirmation, registration and issuance of rural land contract management rights in the province, Lin'an began the rural contract land rights confirmation and registration work that was almost unimaginable before, including Guangming Village. Although it has been hard for several months, Zhou Chaobin, secretary of the village party branch, felt deeply about the benefits of rights confirmation: "Only when the equity is clear, the assets and rights of members can be protected, and the village can also seek development through land transfer."
A vigorous reform began. According to the "village collective + farmer" model, 223 households and 714 villagers in Guangming Village invested land in Guangming Co., Ltd. Economic Cooperative, to realize that rural resources are turned into assets, funds are turned into shares, and farmers are turned into shareholders.
rights confirmation is not the end point. The right warrant after the right confirmation only determines that farmers enjoy the land contract management rights. How to revitalize their financial attributes, increase the value of the management rights and transfer management rights, and allow farmers to transform their land into real interests? In 2017, the village collective invested fully, Guangming Village built the revitalized land into a Guangming farm, and sowed seeds and started planting rice. In 2018, through Guangming Farm, the total village collective income has jumped from 225,000 yuan in the previous year to 505,000 yuan.
However, even so, Guangming Village still encountered a bottleneck - for traditional cooperatives that produce and sell agricultural products, the profits of the primary industry have been saturated, and there is no other project as income, so it is even more difficult to increase the operating income.
Wu Yi, a member of the Party Committee of Yuqian Town where Guangming Village is located, told reporters that although the village joint-stock economic cooperative has established the "market entity status" of collective economic organizations, can independently sign contracts and invoices, and participate in market competition equally, due to the law, this "special legal person" has a relatively limited business scope and its business channels are not smooth enough, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of developing and expanding a new collective economy in the new era.
How can the village collective "blood-making" smoothly? Since last year, the Lin'an District Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau has begun to explore the "corporate-based operation" model, and will place the pilot in Guangming Village, trying to use the concepts and operation methods of enterprise operations for village operations, guiding the village shareholding economic cooperatives to enhance their business awareness and expand their business scope in the process of resource development and utilization, so that the collective can reasonably share the value-added income of resource capitalization.
"Reform must break through policy restrictions so that the special legal person of the village shareholders economic cooperative, through the design of the mechanism, adapts to the current market."Ye Jian, deputy director of the Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Lin'an District, told reporters that the goal of corporate management reform is to activate the methods and mechanisms of village-level collective economic development from a policy level, so as to meet the requirements of the market economy, so that village collectives can better connect with the market and integrate into the market.
In July of that year, Lin'an Guangming Collective Economic Development Co., Ltd. was established. The company uses Guangming Village Shareholding Economic Cooperative as its shareholder and carries out entity operations. According to the distribution of year-end income, 60% of the profits are retained as the company's development fund, and 40% is handed over to Guangming Village Shareholding Economic Cooperative to transfer the market mechanism and capital transportation. The operation model has effectively introduced it to rural areas.
breaks through the bottleneck
business scope has greatly expanded
Under the overall framework of corporate operations, Guangming Village's development model began to break through.
reporter saw from the business license of Guangming Collective Economic Development Co., Ltd. that in addition to the traditional planting and breeding industry, the company's business scope has also added services, design and construction, sales and food production.
The significance to Guangming Village is self-evident. In the past, industries operated by village collectives were nothing more than the production and sales of various agricultural products. The restrictions on business types once hindered the growth of the village collective economy.
The newly established rural company is different. In addition to the original farm, the company can also centralize and concatenate the scattered land in the hands of farmers through the transfer of management rights, and then uniformly contract or organize the operation on its own; the company can rent idle houses from farmers and reclaim idle homesteads and floating property for a fee; it can even undertake 12 items in six categories below 2 million yuan. The business operations of small projects and property management within the regulations have been greatly expanded. The changes brought to Guangming Village by
are undoubtedly significant. Xu Xuming calculated with the reporter: last year, the company undertakes 16 projects and is expected to obtain a net income of 800,000 yuan; operates rice planting 320 mu, and is expected to have a sales revenue of more than 1.5 million yuan, with a net income of more than 300,000 yuan, and the total net income of the two items can reach more than 1.1 million yuan.
"After the market-oriented operation, the cost of bidding and other projects has been effectively reduced because some intermediate links are eliminated. At the same time, villagers will also purchase raw materials and supervise projects themselves, which can effectively control costs. "Xu Xuming said.
is not only changing its business model, but also its business philosophy. "Since a company is established, there must be rules to follow, strictly abide by the company's rules and regulations, and conduct comprehensive management through the authorization of the shareholders' congress and execution of the company's board of directors. "Xu Xuming said. When
was established, Lin'an District formulated and issued a series of supporting support policies to ensure the smooth implementation of corporate operations - breaking through the access mechanism of village collective corporate operations and allowing them to undertake government transfer payment projects; according to the needs of village collective corporate operations, the small-scale project bidding management system was revised and improved, the scope of small-scale project undertaking small-scale project projects was broadened, and the bidding procedures were simplified; the salary and incentive mechanism of village collective company management personnel was established, and the management personnel's enthusiasm for business work was stimulated. Guangming Village also formulated seven supporting systems, including "Material Inlet and Exit Management System", "Material Procurement System", and "Farm Work Management System". The formulation of these systems was not achieved overnight. Zhou Chaobin recalled that since there was no previous example to follow, every clause in each system was discussed and finalized by everyone.
In August last year, the company undertakes the first project on the construction of beautiful villages, involving personnel management, material procurement, preservation management, etc.
Zhou Chaobin still remembers that the fan blades above his head were buzzing, and the board members gathered with relevant persons in charge of Yuqian Town and staff of the Agricultural Economics General Station to discuss every detail problem that may be encountered. From whom raw materials are purchased, to how to enter, register, out of the warehouse, and who will manage them, all listed, a set of standardized management processes were set for projects that have never been done.
But the change of identity still made Xu Xuming a little uncomfortable. After the reform of corporate operations, how to properly arrange personnel, how to regulate finance, and how to handle collective and villagers' development interests disputes have become new test questions. "The way of managing companies and villages is different."Xu Xuming said.
recruitment and wisdom
talent mechanism urgently needs to improve
From the transfer of idle land management rights and the use rights of rural houses, to the entry of rural property rights into the market, and then to the establishment of a village-level collective economic development company to the establishment of a village-level collective economic development company - activate property rights, it has become the core content of the reform of the entire rural collective property rights system in Lin'an. A series of achievements of the pilot of
have also promoted Lin's According to actual conditions, Andodi has explored this new model of rural corporate operations. "Single-village sole proprietorship", "multi-village cooperation", "whole town grouping", and "cross-town union" have emerged one after another. Everyone's purpose is very clear, that is, to improve operational efficiency and expand business scope. In the process, mechanisms such as cadre incentives and democratic decision-making have gradually been improved.
Tuankou Town is a typical mountain town with many mountains and few lands and sparsely populated areas. If the industry in a single village is insufficient, or the village committee team is not strong enough, what should I do? "'They are getting firewood and having a high flame'. Since fighting alone in each village cannot work, try to develop together. "A relevant person in charge of Tuankou Town said.
Hangzhou Lin'an Tuankou Quan Township Collective Economic Development Co., Ltd. is the first joint pilot company in the town established by the joint-built economic cooperatives of 13 administrative villages in the town.
Among them, 9 villages including Xueshan, Tongjia, Erlian, Yingfeng, Tuanyuan, Liangxi, Shishi, Tangxiu, Tongkeng used the original policy support funds and self-raised funds. Each village invested 841,000 yuan in Qingshan Lake Science and Technology City's 90,000 square meters talent apartment project, and each village can receive a share dividend of 45,400 yuan each year. By "borrowing chickens to lay eggs", it achieved the share of investment shares and promoted the collective economy. Revenue generation in the year is stable. Although positive benefits such as income have gradually emerged, the path of corporate operations is not as easy as expected.
Zhang Keliang, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Gaohong Town, was deeply touched by this. Last year, in order to cooperate with the development of Longmen Secret Realm village scenic spots, Shimen, Longshang and Dashan Village Shareholding Economic Cooperatives and Gaohong Industrial Company jointly invested 6 million yuan to establish Hangzhou Lin'an Longmen Secret Realm Collective Economic Development Co., Ltd., undertake some small projects and participate in the operation of Longmen Secret Realm.
"Village cadres lack market-oriented operation ideas. Introducing tourists through travel agencies is not what rural tourism should be like. "Zhang Keliang said. In order to make up for the shortcomings in talent, Gaohong Town signed a contract with Jinnuo Media Co., Ltd., introduced operators and explored the operation mechanism of "urban and rural partners", and tried to sign urban capital, technology, talents and other elements through village collective economy Co., Ltd. to carry out comprehensive development across the region and extend the industrial brand chain.
"The road to corporate operations in rural areas is still a long way to go. "Ye Jian said that companies established with villages as the main body still lack forward-looking business philosophy, with more homogeneous operations such as planting rice and renting houses, and there is an extremely lack of talents who know the market and operate, and there is not enough profitable project development.
This is not just a problem encountered in Lin'an. Liu Chuanlei, a full-time researcher at the Zhejiang Rural Revitalization Research Institute of Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, believes that talent shortage is a common problem in rural areas.
On the one hand, the grassroots rural management system is not sound, the team is unstable, township agricultural and economic cadres have multiple positions, insufficient agency accounting staff, and weak professionalism of village accountants, etc., and cannot effectively serve the development of rural collective economy. At the same time, the chairman of most village joint-stock economic cooperatives is the secretary of rural grassroots party organizations, and may not necessarily have the ability and potential to operate.
Rural revitalization, recruiting talents and wisdom is the key.
Liu Chuanlei suggested that for villages with relatively developed collective economy, you can try to hire professional managers to manage village resources. For villages with weak collective economy but with high-quality ecological resources and traditional cultural resources, you can also try to hire professional operating companies to operate villages, cooperate to revitalize idle resources in the villages, and determine the share ratio based on the size of contribution. Through "two in and two rounds", rural collective economic organizations will transform into "social enterprises" and stimulate the vitality of rural development.
Rural revitalization is a long-term topic. I believe that with the improvement of talent mechanisms and policies, the team of rural innovation and entrepreneurship will become larger and higher, the levels will become higher and wider, and the vast countryside will usher in new development.
[Reporter's Notes]
Let talent link rural and market
Rural revitalization is the first step to revitalize talents. Through the investigation of Guangming Village, we have more intuitively felt the importance of talents to rural development. If there are no professional talents to guide rural construction with market-oriented thinking, even if a new path is found, it will be difficult for the countryside to achieve sustainable development.
In March this year, Guangming Village and Hangzhou Jiaherui Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. signed a cooperation agreement and began to try to uniformly sell agricultural products and operate villages by a professional team, and the results were beginning to show. Practice has proved that only by allowing professionals to manage professional affairs and linking the countryside with the market through talents can the value of the countryside be maximized.
is precisely because of this that in recent years, rural areas in various places have taken active actions and staged a "war of people-snatching people". How to use market-oriented thinking and introduce, allocate and use talents through market-oriented means is not only the "golden key" to solve the current problems such as insufficient total rural talents and unbalanced supply and demand, but also the meaning of realizing rural revitalization and better transforming ecological benefits into economic and social benefits.
This year marks the 15th anniversary of the proposal of the concept of "green water and green mountains are gold and silver mountains", and rural revitalization will surely usher in a new stage of development. We look forward to all localities and departments boldly trying and striving to explore good mechanisms, and do a good job in operating talents, so that rural areas and markets can better connect, and make green waters and green mountains the greatest wealth, greatest advantage and largest brand.
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