1,500 people were buried alive, revealing the collapse of Sanfeng Department Store: South Korean capital really cares about human life
How long does it take to bury 1,500 people alive? If you let me guess, I really can't imagine it. But I can tell you the answer: 20 seconds. It only takes 20 seconds to bury all 1,500 people alive!
A horrible "man-made accident" occurred in South Korea in the last century, and it is still a nightmare that all Koreans do not want to mention. What exactly happened to ? will cause 1,500 people to be buried alive by in just 20 seconds. If you want to understand this scar of Koreans, some people are destined to be unable to bypass - the mall manager who still insists on business after the collapse of the Sanfeng Department Store in South Korea.
Why is the mall still open after someone reported that the building collapsed? Why did the management staff not evacuate the staff but continue to open business after the collapse on the fourth floor of the mall? Why was the person in charge finally sentenced to only ten years and six months?
material comes from the Internet
Since the 1970s, the United States has begun to invest in South Korea and carry out a large amount of infrastructure construction. The South Korean economy has also developed rapidly in the 1990s. With the improvement of people's consumption level, shopping malls and department stores have emerged one after another, and the Sanfeng Department Store in South Korea was built against this background.
Li Yu, chairman of Sanfeng Group, won the land of Sanfeng Department Store, which was a prime location at the time with his military status and strong social background. But his initial idea was not to build a mall, but to build it into an office building.
material comes from the Internet
, but with the continuous improvement of South Korea's economy, the area where this land is located became a prosperous area in Seoul, South Korea at that time. Li Li keenly captured the business opportunities and decided to convert half of the office building into a department store immediately.
Three years later, the building was completed and opened for business. The grand interior design and trendy exterior decoration of immediately attracted a large number of Korean people. People have money in their pockets and have a desire to consume. Therefore, the business of Sanfeng Department Store is particularly good, receiving an average daily customer service of about 40,000, and the average daily turnover exceeds 500,000 US dollars. There are more than a thousand employees in the mall alone.
material comes from the Internet
The design of Sanfeng Shopping Mall is an independent side building design on the left and right, with an atrium connected in the middle. There are nine floors in the mall, five floors above and four floors below the ground. The fifth floor above ground mainly sells some department stores, cosmetics and clothing, among which the fifth floor is some of the most high-end restaurants at that time, and the fourth floor underground is the office location of the mall managers.
But such a department store that is well-known in Koreans suffered a devastating collapse five years after its opening, and directly caused about 1,500 people to be buried alive in an instant.
material comes from the Internet
As early as April 1995, cracks began to appear on the ceiling of Sanfeng Department Store 5th floor.
On the morning of June 29, 1995, Li Yongzhou, the department store's equipment manager, came to the office and found a note on his desk, which said that there was a strange sound from the roof last night, and there were cracks. Please pay attention. But Li Yongzhou ignored it because Sanfeng Department Store had just passed the regular security check of government .
material comes from the Internet
There are three large air conditioners on the roof of Sanfeng Department Store, with a total weight of about 30 tons, and the total weight when filled with water is as high as 87 tons. The three air-conditioners were very noisy when they were running. Two years ago, the mall moved the air-conditioners from the back of the building to the front due to complaints from nearby residents. This movement process should have used a crane to reduce the pressure on the roof, but in order to save money, Sanfeng Department Store directly dragged the air conditioner with pulleys, and during the dragging process, the floor slabs on the top floor were crushed, so there were many cracks on the roof.
material comes from the Internet
, but since the security inspection has been passed, Li Yongzhou believes that those cracks are no big deal and are harmless.
At 10 a.m. on June 29, the owner of Chunyuan Restaurant, located on the fifth floor of Building A of the mall, suddenly found a huge fist-sized crack around a pillar in the restaurant, and the floor was obviously sunken, so he notified Li Yongzhou. The column number 5E of
is the main load-bearing column of the mall. After Li Yongzhou went over and saw it, he temporarily closed the restaurant and hung a construction warning sign. But he was afraid of affecting the reputation of the mall and asked all insiders not to tell them.
At 12:30 noon, customers on the fourth floor of the mall began to hear strange sounds, and the first floor underground began to feel the building shaking.
After Li Yongzhou inspected, he thought it was a vibration caused by the air conditioner and turned off the air conditioner.
material comes from the Internet
At 2 pm, Li Yongzhou reported to the mall owner Li Li about the cracks in the restaurant. Li Liu immediately summoned management personnel to discuss the repair in Building A and asked structural engineer Li Hezhu to check the building's condition. After the inspection, Li Hezhu reported that the mall must be closed immediately because the entire building may collapse at any time. But Li Li rejected the proposal because he did not want to delay business. But because of Li Hezhu's police, the senior management staff of left Building A and moved to Building B to continue the meeting, without notifying the lower-level employees.
material source network
At 5 pm, the ceiling on the 4th floor of Building A became more and more serious, and the shopping mall managers urgently closed the entire floor.
At 5:50 pm, a loud noise came from the rooftop, the ceiling began to shake, the staff sounded the alarm and began to evacuate customers. But it was too late.
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At 6:5 pm, most of the panicked customers had time to leave the mall before they had time to leave the mall, and the 5E load-bearing column collapsed first. The ceiling on the top floor and the air conditioner fell down and hit the floor on the fifth floor. The floor on the fifth floor could not bear it, so it collapsed to the fourth floor, and then collapsed downwards one by one. Within 20 seconds, the 5th floor department store collapsed into the 4 underground floors.
The former landmark building in South Korea instantly turned into a pile of steel bars and cement ruins. People near the mall were shocked. They risked their lives to rescue the injured, and moved away the bricks and rubble with bare hands to rescue the injured. A few minutes later, ambulances, police cars and fire trucks flocked to rescue in chaos.
material source network
South Korea Government commissioned Professor of Tanguo University Zhong Lan to investigate the cause of the accident. During the investigation, Zhong Lan first ruled out the possibility of gas explosion. Because gas explosions usually cause fires, and there are no signs of fire in the building. Later, the possibility of terrorist attack on was ruled out, because the debris after the bomb explosion would splash around, but the Sanfeng Building collapsed downward as a whole. After
ruled out many external factors, the investigation began to turn to internal factors. The first thing I doubt is whether the foundation of the building is solid, because the original site of Sanfeng Department Store was a landfill. In order to speed up the construction period, Li Liu ordered to start digging the foundation without cleaning up the garbage. But the inspection results show that there is no problem with the foundation strength. So I started to consider whether there are quality issues in building materials, but the test results still show that there is no problem.
material comes from the Internet
, so he doubted and turned to the rationality of the design. After checking the drawings of the building, Zhong Lan finally found the problem. It turned out that the drawings were designed to be an office building. The original design had only four floors of the building, but when the contractor was halfway through construction, Sanfeng Group asked them to convert the office building into a shopping mall and build one floor. The contractor refused the request, and President Li Li fired them in anger and instead took over with his own construction company.
The new construction company changed the office building into a shopping mall exactly as he wanted and built a fifth floor.Many load-bearing columns were cancelled during the capping process to facilitate the installation of escalator . And the fifth floor was converted into 8 restaurants.
material comes from the Internet
Koreans sit on the floor when eating, so floor heating must be installed under the floor of the restaurant. The floor heating has been installed, which has increased the load bearing of the fifth floor, adding greater pressure to the building structure that originally had only four floors. In addition, when Li Liu's construction company built the building, it replaced the original 80 cm load-bearing column with a diameter of 60 cm. The 16 steel bars in the temporal area were also changed to 8, which caused the overall strength of the building to be reduced by nearly half.
material comes from the Internet
, but this is still not the main reason for the collapse of Sanfeng Department Store. Because according to regulations, buildings must have safety reserves when constructing. The so-called safety reserve means that the bearing capacity required by the design must be greater than the actual bearing capacity required. Therefore, even though Sanfeng Group has made a lot of changes to greatly reduce the strength of the building, the building will not collapse without accidents.
material comes from the Internet
But when construction companies built the building, they made a fatal mistake: they misplaced the steel bars in the concrete floor slab. The steel bars in the floor slab should have been 5 cm away from the surface, but the actual result was 10 cm. The error of five cm directly leads to the weakening of the floor slab thickness, leaving huge structural risks.
These successive mistakes made the overall structure of the building already very fragile. In order to save trouble, Sanfeng Group directly dragged the roof with pulleys when moving three air conditioners, which not only crushed the floor slabs, but also caused huge damage to the building structure.
material comes from the network
The air conditioner passes through the column numbered 5E, crushing the connection point between it and the floor slab. When the air conditioner is working, the vibration will cause vibration, which will make the cracks bigger and bigger. When the cracks reach a certain level, the floor slabs of Chunyuan Restaurant will be separated from the load-bearing column. Then the floor slab fell and caused the butterfly effect , which led to the collapse of Sanfeng Department Store in a short period of time. After the cause of the
accident was announced, the Korean people demanded severe punishment for the murderer. But the Korean chaebol is strong. After countless Korean people conducted several months of demonstrations, the government sentenced Li Yu, president of Sanfeng Department Store, to 10 years and 7 months in prison in accordance with public opinion. It was subsequently found that several government officials accepted bribes during the construction of Sanfeng Department Store , and 12 officials were also sentenced to prison. After the
accident, the South Korean government re-inspected all buildings in China and found that only 2% of high-rise buildings in China are safe. The inspection found that one of every seven high-rise buildings had to be demolished and rebuilt, and four-fifths of the buildings needed to be renovated significantly, and only a very small number of them were fine. Under such circumstances, even if there was no tragedy at Sanfeng Department Store, there might be other buildings collapses.
In the face of huge interests, there are always people who use their money and power to do things randomly. The incident at Sanfeng Department Store can also be called the most painful accident in South Korea since the peaceful era. If mall managers can pay more attention and evacuate early, the casualties may not be so serious. In the final analysis, it is the managers of the mall who are obsessed with profit and are insatiable, because they ignore the lives and death of others by their own interests, which ultimately leads to this "man-made accident". Although the manager has paid the price, the deceased will never be able to return.
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