Erich Maria Remak, whose family is poor, his father worked as a book binding worker in the local Prele factory. Since 1912, Remak has attended a normal preparatory class run by the Catholic Church and officially entered the local primary normal school in 1915.

Page 1 Author introduction

Erich Maria Remak (June 22, 1898 - September 25, 1970),

Remak 's family is poor, and his father worked as a book binding worker in the local Prele factory. His family was devout Catholic, and Remak studied at Catholic schools as a teenager. Since 1912, Remak studied for the normal preparatory class run by the Catholic Church. In 1915, he officially entered the local primary normal school

Remak was recruited into the army at the age of 18 and participated in the World War I . He was injured five times during the war, especially the last time in the Battle of Flanders, when he rescued an injured comrade from the line of fire, under the sudden attack of the British army, he was injured by several grenades and . The injuries were quite serious. After a long period of treatment, he finally left only an undesolate scar on the right wrist joint. After the war of

, he returned to his original school, completed the prescribed courses, and worked as a primary school teacher in a village near the border of Netherlands for one year. But he was disappointed with the job, so he resolutely resigned from his teaching position.

In the second half of 1927, Remake began to write the novel "No War on the Western Front", which he had been brewing and conceived since the end of the war. On a night that was completely amateur, he spent only six weeks writing the novel, but the manuscript was left in the drawer for half a year. A bookstore was unwilling to publish this work, and another publisher finally accepted it. It was first serialized in the "Fox" and then made some modifications and printed into a single-line version for publication. When

was serialized, the number of sales of that newspaper suddenly tripled. After the book was published in January 1929, it caused a sensation in Germany and many other countries around the world. In Germany alone, 1.2 million copies were sold in the first year. In March of the same year, it was first translated into English and published in the UK, with 275,000 copies sold within six weeks. If translations from many other languages ​​are included, the total circulation of this book should be more than 5 million copies, which is unprecedented in the history of publishing.

This unexpected success made Remak jump from an unknown reporter to a world-famous writer. But he always had an out-of-life attitude, and was neither willing to meet guests who visited for this, nor was he willing to participate in the debate about his works. Moreover, he never considered himself as ignoring the world, and he did not participate in any social movements. Unexpectedly, in 1930, the Nazi Party found him.

They attacked him against heroism in dealing with the issue of World War I, and Remak had to leave Berlin and even leave Germany. After leaving Berlin, he arrived in Switzerland and settled in Longgu Port on Lake Marchole, where he heard the news of the Nazi coup. After Hitler came to power in 1933, Remak's works were publicly burned together with the works of Thomas Mann, Henrichmann, Brecht and others. Later, he was deprived of German nationality in 1938 because of his resolute refusal to return to China.

The following year, he moved to the United States. Until 1942, he spent most of his time in Hollywood , putting his works on the screen, and becoming an American citizen in 1947. Although Remake has been in exile abroad, the Nazi regime has not relaxed its persecution against him. In December 1943, his sister, Elvlid, who was still in Germany, was sentenced to death by the Nazi court on false charges (falsely accusing him of not believing that Germany would win).

Since 1945, Remak has also lived in Switzerland. In the mid-1960s, he suddenly had several heart attacks, and his health became worse and worse. He died of Locarno in Switzerland on September 25, 1970 at the age of 72.

page 2 famous people commented

1. In the war years, people from the dark, cowardly, incompetent, pedantic upper class, holding passionate encouragement of language and words, children who were in their passionate youth joined the war. Before the army set out on the war, every child with a dream of fighting blinked his shining eyes, but after feeling death again and again, they retreated. No one knew what the meaning of such a war was. Only the people in the team who felt the death at any time supported and helped each other, loved peace, and stayed away from war.

2. In the front trenches, the young people were trembling all over, their nerves tense and collapsed; their eyes were dull at the scene, and they were even crazy to kill people. The contradiction between patriotic courage to fight the enemy and the kindness of human nature was fiercely fighting on the battlefield of artillery fire; the soldiers not only had to use all their strength to fight against the enemy, but also had to fight against their own fragile and spiritual world. The patriotic enthusiasm was not destroyed by the war, but was confused because of the war, like a illusion butterfly, becoming a bubble.

3. History is always amazingly similar. In the war a hundred years ago, the college entrance examination a hundred years later, they cannot see the blood flowing into a river, and the distorted youth of nine million. In this great leap forward of civilization, hundreds of thousands of people ate the meat of nine million soldiers and drank the blood of nine million soldiers. They talked about the overall situation, they talked about great achievements, they talked about everything, but they couldn't see the front line that had blood flowed into a river, and the corpses were filled in the wild. They turned generations of people into corpses, and their atrocities were even more serious than war, and war destroyed millions of families.

Page 3 Writing background

At the beginning of the 20th century, all the imperial powers in the world were involved in the First World War. This is an unjust and predatory war in the nature of imperialism, an important turning point in human history, and has had a profound impact on the world's economic and political landscape. Therefore, , the first battle with also became the central theme of European narrative literature in the 1920s and 1930s. This war not only suffered huge casualties, but also brought unprecedented impacts to the traditional Western values ​​and psychology.

The plot of "No War on the West Front" is to describe the soldiers' stereotyped daily life in the trenches. They seem to have no past and will not have a future. Its title, the formulaic language in the war report, can well reflect the indifference and concise style, and record the horrors of the daily war in an understatement. The book gained international reputation immediately after its publication, and the American films made based on it in 1930 were also successful.

character introduction

1, Paul Boimer

The protagonist Boimer is the representative of this group of "confused" generations. They threw themselves into the war with enthusiasm and mistakenly idealized and romanticized war. It is believed that as a member of the country, devoting one's life to war is a glorious mission and an unshirkable responsibility.

But this idealized view of war was gradually wiped out in the initial training of recruits, and these soldiers became cold, ruthless, suspicious, aggressive and even negative: "What should we be?... This war ruined everything about us... I think we have failed." As time went by, this sense of glory and mission disappeared, leaving only pain and death.

2, Stanislaus Katchensky

A soldier from Paul's company and Paul's best friend in the army. Everyone called him Carter. When the novel began, he was 40 years old and had already established a family in his hometown. He is resourceful and creative, and he can always find food, clothes and blankets whenever he and his friends need it.

3, Albert Kropp

Paul's classmate served in the second company with Paul. He is a smart, wise and good at thinking young man. He was one of Paul's best friends during the war.He likes to analyze the causes of war, which leads to many of the most important anti-war sentiments in the novel.

4, Miller

Paul's classmate, down-to-earth and practical. In the Second Company, he kept asking questions to his friends about their personal plans after the war.

5, Chaden

Paul's friend in the second company. He is a thin and strong young man with a great appetite. He was full of resentment towards Sergeant Himmerstos.

6, Cantorek

Before the outbreak of the war, he was a flashy, ignorant, domineering teacher in Paul's high school. He put great pressure on Paul and his classmates to enlist in the army and fulfill his "patriotic obligation."

Page 4 Main content

The story unfolds through the first-person narrative of the protagonist Paul Boimer. Boimer and his classmates voluntarily signed up for the army after long-term acceptance of the patriotic slogans of so-called "heroic spirit", "sacred responsibility" and "motherland" instilled by teachers. They went to the Western Front after receiving short training.

In the first raindrop fire, those clichés were blown away. The idealism of young people cannot resist the fire of the sky and the savage fighting in the trenches. Their fantasy was shattered. Their only motivation is to survive, and their spiritual pillar is the friendship formed in the common destiny on the front line.

In the early autumn of 1917, the second company where Boimer was located was severely injured in the battle, with heavy casualties. When retreating to nine kilometers from the front line, the company had reduced from one hundred and fifty to eighty. Boymer and his friends went to the field hospital to visit a partner who had cut off one of his legs and couldn't live long.

soon, the second company was sent to the front line again. Boymer and eight others arrived at a cemetery and were attacked by poison gas and bombarded by heavy artillery . The cemetery was in ruins, and the coffins and bodies were thrown away. Each bombed corpse saved the life of a soldier. Boymer searched for shelter in despair and crawled under a cracked coffin in a tomb that was blown up by grenade . He avoided artillery fire among the wounded, the dead and the broken bodies.

On the front line, Boymer and his partners met the sergeant who brutally tortured them during the training of the recruits. The sergeant still wanted to be arrogant. Boymer and others beat him up with his head covered with bed sheets at night, thus avenging him. On the front line, facing the god of death, the sergeant who used to abuse soldiers and brags in the past acted as timid.

For several consecutive days, the artillery fire of the French army fell on the Second Company's position like raindrops, and then they launched a fierce attack. Boymer and eight others stood firm in the trench and fought desperately, and finally saved their lives. However, when the Second Company was replaced by other companies, there were only thirty-two people left.

They were sent to a relatively remote rear military station for adaptation. During this period, Boimer and his two partners carried their military rations at night, swam across a canal next to the camp, and went to the starving French girl across the river to have fun. Boymer then returned home for two weeks of vacation.

Although all the decorations at home are still the same, the whole family warmly welcomed him back and asked questions about his long and short matters, but his performance was surprising. My father didn't understand why he kept silent about war, and the middle school principal was disappointed by his lack of patriotism. The experience of war has destroyed the young man, making him unable to adapt to the "normal" life.

Boymer also found out that he had been ruined and regretted that he had returned to his hometown for vacation. After taking vacation, he went to the outdoor camp first. While guarding the Russian prisoners, he distributed his cigarette to them. He realized that Russian is no worse than the German sergeant who tortured soldiers.

Four weeks later he returned to the front line.He was reluctant to think about war. He and his friends felt that if everyone didn't think about it, the horror of war could be tolerated. In another fierce battle, Boymer was injured. In the summer of 1918, he went to the front line again and witnessed the enemy's strength becoming stronger. He also attacked with tanks and , causing heavy casualties in the German army.

In autumn, Boymer was the only one of the seven classmates on the front line. He is lonely and hopeless. He was killed in October 1918. That day, "the entire front line was so calm and quiet, so the military command's battle report only wrote this sentence: There is no war on the Western Front."

Page 5 Famous quotes

1. He died in October. On that day, the entire front was so calm and silent, so the battle report of the military command only wrote this sentence: There is no war on the Western Front.

2. We are no longer young people. We don't want to attack the world anymore. We are deserters. We avoid ourselves and our lives. When we were only eighteen years old. I just started to love the world and love life; however, we had to fire at it. The first grenade hit our hearts. We are separated from action, pursuit and progress. We never believe them anymore; we believe in war.

3. The last words of the deceased are not to take revenge, but there will never be (war)

4. I saw that all ethnic groups are hostile to each other, and silently, ignorantly, foolishly, willingly, innocently killing each other. I saw the smartest minds in the world still inventing weapons and writing articles, making this kind of hostility and killing more clever and longer.

5. A soldier can only be considered alive after spending a thousand accidents.

6. My dear mother! In your eyes, I will always be a child. I really want to put my head on your knees and get a little comfort with a big pain. Actually, I am really a child, and the short children's clothing in the closet seemed to be yesterday, and all of this was gone.

7. We will treat them as enemies after a command, and may become friends with them because of a command. Those people gently wrote a few lines on the table with their pens, so the despicable means we thought that the world was not ashamed of was becoming a new way of pursuit. But whenever I watch their childish faces and faces with a church-like beard, I cannot distinguish them with friends and enemies! In the eyes of recruits, every low-level officer and every senior teacher are the enemy they hate the most, but in our eyes, they are even more hateful. As long as they return to freedom, we will see each other as enemies and aim the gun at each other again.

(To be continued)

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