Pengpai News reporter Yang Yang
Positive policies in the field of renewable energy are intensively released. On June 1, the " "14th Five-Year Plan" Renewable Energy Development Plan (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") jointly issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Energy Administration, the Ministry of Finance and other nine departments was announced. The "Plan" anchors the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality , clarifying the main directions and goals of renewable energy development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and focusing on solving the existing pain points and bottlenecks in the industry.
In accordance with the requirement that the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption reaches about 20% in 2025, the "Plan" sets four main goals, including the total renewable energy target, power generation target, consumption target and non-electric utilization target. Looking at the full text, the development and utilization of renewable energy will still be mainly renewable energy power in the 14th Five-Year Plan period: The annual power generation of renewable energy will reach about 3.3 trillion kilowatt-hours in 2025, and the increase in power generation during the 14th Five-Year Plan period accounts for more than 50% of the increase in electricity consumption in the whole society, and the power generation of wind and solar energy will double. This means that renewable energy will be transformed from the incremental supplement of the original energy and electricity consumption to the main body of the incremental increase of energy and electricity consumption.
The Paper noticed that unlike in the past, the "14th Five-Year Plan" for the development of renewable energy for the first time, adopted the form of nine departments jointly issuing . This is not only a reflection of the high policy specifications, but also reflects the current renewable energy utilization to achieve "large-scale development, high-level consumption, and more guarantee the stable and reliable supply of electricity", it must rely on the coordinated mechanism between the competent departments such as energy, finance, natural resources, ecological environment, housing and construction, agriculture and rural areas.
This "Plan" is jointly issued by 9 departments of the State Council and issued
on a large-scale development of renewable energy
The "Plan" proposes that the development of renewable energy in the "14th Five-Year Plan" will show new characteristics. First, large-scale development, on the basis of leapfrog development, further accelerate the increase in the proportion of power generation installed capacity; second, high-proportion development, from increasing supplementary energy and electricity consumption to incremental main body, and its proportion in energy and electricity consumption increased rapidly; third, market-oriented development, from subsidy-supported development to low-priced development, from policy-driven development to market-driven development; fourth, high-quality development, both large-scale development, high-level consumption, and more guaranteeing stable and reliable power supply. my country's renewable energy will further lead the mainstream direction of the energy production and consumption revolution, give full play to the leading role of green and low-carbon transformation in energy, and provide main support for achieving the goals of carbon peak and carbon neutrality.
Renewable energy includes hydro, wind, solar, biomass energy, geothermal energy and marine energy. Taking into account factors such as resource conditions, technological maturity, economy and construction cycle, wind power and photovoltaic power generation will take on the rise of renewable energy generation in the "14th Five-Year Plan".
China made a commitment in 2020 to strive to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, and to clarify that the total installed capacity of wind power and solar power generation by 2030 will reach more than 1.2 billion kilowatts. According to data from the National Energy Administration, as of the end of 2020, the cumulative installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power generation in the country reached 530 million kilowatts. Based on this calculation, the new installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power generation during the 14th Five-Year Plan period was at least 670 million kilowatts.
The general view in the industry believes that 1.2 billion kilowatts is the bottom line goal, and it is expected that the new installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power generation during the 14th Five-Year Plan and 15th Five-Year Plan period will far exceed the planned target.
This is a speculation based on the actual development of renewable energy growth in the 13th Five-Year Plan. The 13th Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Progress plans propose to achieve wind power and photovoltaic power generation connected to the grid with installed capacity of more than 210 million kilowatts and more than 110 million kilowatts by the end of 2020, but in the end it will reach 281 million kilowatts and 253 million kilowatts respectively. The latest data also supports the above conclusion. The National Energy Administration expects that photovoltaic power generation will be connected to 108 million kilowatts this year, an increase of 95.9% year-on-year, almost exceeding the forecasts made by all third-party analyst agencies.
25 main targets for the development and utilization of renewable energy in 2025
According to different resource endowments, the "Plan" proposes to adapt to local conditions. optimizes the large-scale development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation bases in the " Three Norths " area, coordinates the comprehensive development of water and wind and light in the southwest area, focuses on promoting local development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation in the southern region, actively promotes the cluster development of offshore wind power in the eastern coastal areas of , steadily promotes the diversified development of biomass energy , actively promotes the large-scale development of geothermal energy, and steadily promotes the demonstration development of marine energy .
Large-scale base development will provide strong support for achieving the dual-carbon goal. The "Plan" clearly proposes to focus on deserts, Gobi and desert areas, and accelerate the construction of seven continental new energy bases, including the upper reaches of the Yellow River , the upper reaches of the Hexi Corridor of , the Bend of the Yellow River, northern Hebei, Songliao, Xinjiang, and the lower reaches of the Yellow River; scientifically and orderly promote the construction of large-scale hydropower bases; rely on the adjustment capacity and transmission channels of the southwest hydropower base, coordinate the development and construction of two major water and wind comprehensive bases in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Southeast Tibet; optimize the layout of offshore offshore wind power, carry out the planning of far-sea offshore wind power, promote large-scale offshore development and far-sea demonstration development, and focus on the construction of five offshore wind power clusters of Shandong Peninsula , Yangtze River Delta , Fujian , eastern Guangdong, and Beibu Gulf . In terms of distributed development of wind power and photovoltaic power generation, the "Plan" proposes plans such as the action of controlling wind in thousands of villages and the action of drinking light in thousands of households.
promotes storage and consumption, and utilizes renewable energy at a high proportion, and uses renewable energy at a high proportion. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the development of renewable energy faces multiple challenges of "not only large-scale development, but also high-level consumption, and more guaranteeing stable and reliable supply of electricity". We must increase efforts to solve key problems such as high proportion consumption, key technological innovation, industrial chain and supply chain security, stability and reliability.
As of the end of 2020, my country's renewable energy power generation installed capacity reached 934 million kilowatts, accounting for 42.5% of the total installed capacity of power generation. The installed capacity of wind power, photovoltaic power, hydropower and biomass power generation reached 280 million kilowatts, 250 million kilowatts, respectively, ranking first in the world for many years. However, the "Plan" also analyzed that although renewable energy power generation has grown rapidly, the proportion of energy consumption growth is still lower than the international average; the contradiction between large-scale development of renewable energy and efficient consumption and utilization of high-quality consumption and utilization is still prominent, and new power systems need to be accelerated; manufacturing costs have dropped rapidly, but non-technical costs are still relatively high; the development of non-electricity utilization of renewable energy is relatively lagging; the system and mechanism to ensure the high-quality development of renewable energy needs to be further improved.
Improving the consumption and utilization of renewable energy is another focus of the "Plan".
According to the target, the national total renewable energy electricity and non-hydrogen consumption responsibility weights will reach about 33% and 18% respectively in 2025, and the utilization rate will remain at a reasonable level.
Behind the rapid development of the clean energy industry in the early years, some regions have large-scale abandonment of wind, light and water, and are trapped in the vicious circle of "the more you install, the more you discard" in green power . The root cause is insufficient consumption capacity. In addition to the limited local consumption and limited delivery channels, some regions have been stimulated by the country's subsidy policies for new energy and have not considered the consumption capacity, which has emerged as a "great leap forward" in the development of new energy. To solve the dilemma of absorption, the right medicine must be prescribed.
Responsible weight of renewable energy power consumption is an important part of the mechanism for promoting consumption, referring to the proportion of renewable energy electricity that should be achieved according to provincial administrative regions for power consumption. The "Notice on the Completion of Residential Power Consumption Responsibility Weight in 2021" released by the National Energy Administration in early May showed that the actual completion value of the lowest renewable energy power consumption responsibility weight in the country last year was 29.4%, and the actual completion value of the lowest renewable energy power non-water consumption responsibility weight in the country was 13.7%. Compared with the goals of the "Plan", there is still room for improvement in the above two indicators.
Renewable energy is inherently intermittent and volatile, and the contradiction with the reliability of the power grid is prominent. The development of energy storage is one of the keys to solving the matching problem of power energy supply and demand.In order to improve the storage capacity of renewable energy, the "Plan" proposes to accelerate the construction of pumped storage power stations, promote the construction of large-scale energy storage pilot projects of cascade power stations in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, and orderly promote the development of long-term thermal storage solar thermal power generation , and promote the large-scale application of other new energy storage.
Focusing on increasing efforts to solve high proportion of consumption, the "Plan" takes multiple measures:
prioritizes local nearby consumption ( strengthens the construction of power grid supporting projects and main grid frames in renewable energy-rich areas, actively promotes the flexible transformation of coal-fired power plants, promotes self-produced power plants to actively participate in peak shaving, reasonably arranges a batch of natural gas peak shaving power stations in areas with rich new energy resources, fully improves system regulation capabilities, and promotes local nearby consumption of renewable energy );
actively promotes export consumption ( improves existing html in the "Three Norths" area 2 UHV transmission scale of new energy transmission channel, promote the export of new energy to existing thermal power "point-to-network" dedicated transmission channels, and optimize the layout of new channels;
strengthens the diversified direct utilization of renewable energy (, for example, in surrounding areas such as industrial parks, large production enterprises and big data centers, carry out special power supply for new energy power according to local conditions, and build new energy self-provided power stations );
promotes large-scale hydrogen production utilization of renewable energy ( carries out large-scale hydrogen production demonstration, and promotes green hydrogen replacement in key areas such as chemicals, coal mines, and transportation).
"These goals are determined by comprehensively considering the resource potential of various types of non-fossil energy, the preliminary work progress of major projects, and the economic development of development and utilization. They can lay a solid foundation for achieving the goal of about 20% of non-fossil energy consumption in 2025 and about 25% in 2030." Relevant officials of the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration said in response to reporters' questions that the high-quality development of renewable energy in the "14th Five-Year Plan" has become more arduous, and new and higher requirements have been put forward for detailed resource investigation, land, sea use, meteorological services, ecological environment, finance, etc. It is urgent to improve land, finance, and other support policies related to the development of renewable energy, and strengthen policy coordination guarantees.
Regarding the content of the "Plan", many industry insiders told The Paper that the document provides an implementation path for large-scale development and efficient use of renewable energy and solving pain points in the process of industrial development, but the key to "one point of planning, nine points of implementation" is also the implementation.
Editor in charge: Li Yuequn
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