pests and diseases have always been a major problem affecting the normal growth of peach trees.
Improper control of pests and diseases will cause devastating losses to fruit farmers. What are the common pests and diseases during the growth of peach trees? How much do you know?
This article has sorted out 21 common diseases and 8 pests in peach trees.
. Scab
in the southern region
in the northern Taoyuan generally starts in June, with the highest incidence rate from July to August.
In spring and early summer, the fruit is nearly ripe, rainy and humid, and is prone to disease.
Hazard characteristics:
mainly harms fruits and branches.
fruit ▼
In the early stage of the disease: dark green round spots appeared on the fruit surface of , gradually expanding;
to the fruit ripening stage: lesions are dark purple or black, slightly sunken, and then appear as slightly raised black mole-like spots.
When severe, lesions are dense and cracks appear as the fruit expands.
new shoot▼
After the new shoot is killed, has an oblong and light brown lesions;
becomes dark brown after and further expands, the diseased part is bulging, and the phenomenon of glue often occurs.
Prevention and treatment measures:
(1) Winter cuts thoroughly to remove the diseased spots. Clear orchards, reduce the source of disease, reasonable planting density, appropriate tree shape, prevent the handover of the canopy, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the orchard, and reduce the orchard humidity.
(2) Spray sodium pentachlorophenol and add 3-5 bamedu lime sulfur mixture
half a month after falling flowering to July, with a interval of 10-15 days, select the following agents to prevent and treat.
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Diseases usually start to occur in early May and spread the fastest during the plum rain period in June.
In the season when rain is frequent or foggy, the disease is severe.
Hazard characteristics:
mainly harms leaves, fruits and branches.
Leaf ▼
Lesions: Small translucent water stain-like spots appear on the leaves, gradually expanding into purple-brown to black-brown lesions, and the surroundings are water stain-like yellow-green halo rings.
When the weather is wet, white bacteria pus will overflow on the back of the lesions, and will then dry out and fall off to form perforation.
Fruit ▼
Fruit surface: has dark purple round central slightly sunken lesions.
When the air humidity is high, there will be yellow-white sticky texture on the lesions.
When dry, cracks occur in the lesions.
Prevention and treatment measures:
(1) Improve disease resistance
Select disease-resistant peach tree varieties;
After spring, pay attention to digging and drainage to reduce air humidity;
Increase application of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to avoid applying nitrogen fertilizer indirectly;
improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, promote the growth of trees and improve disease resistance.
Do a good job of pruning and cleaning to reduce germs.
(2) Spray 5 bameduite sulfur mixture before germination, or Bordeaux liquid to eliminate the source of overwintering bacteria.
After the leaf expansion to before the onset of the disease is a critical period for prevention and treatment.
The agents that can be used include: basic copper sulfate, copper oxychloride, sucrose fertilizer copper, copper acetate, etc.
Low temperature and rainy, which is conducive to the occurrence of diseases.
Hazard characteristics:
mainly harms leaves. It can also damage the tips and fruits for .
Early stage of leaf disease: newborn nearly round lesions, purple edges, slightly ringed patterns.
Later stage: grows gray-brown mold, dry and fall off in the middle, forming perforations, with neat edges of perforations, and leaves fall off when there are many perforations.
Prevention and control measures:
(1) Pay attention to Taoyuan drainage, apply organic fertilizer, prune reasonably, and enhance permeability.
(2) After the flower falls, the drug and other agents such as mancozeb, methylthiobrazin, phenylephidazole, pyrazolestrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostrostromatis in the early stage of the disease.
When there is a lot of rain in the year, it is the peak period for the disease to appear.
The soil lacks fertilizer and is prone to disease.
Hazard characteristics:
mainly damages leaves and flowers and fruits.
Leaf infection: lesions are round in the early stage, purple or purple-red, and then brown.
After the diseased leaves fall off, perforations remain on the leaves.
Branches are infected with diseases: will also be accompanied by cracks and fluid glue, and tumors will form on older branches.
Prevention and control measures:
(1) Strengthen management
Enhance the tree potential and improve the tree's resistance. Improve the soil, drain it in time, prune and skew, and remove diseased branches and leaves in time.
(2) Drug prevention
In early spring, spray methylthiobrazin, mancozeb, benzolin , isocarbazin, and propranolol can be prevented.
In northern my country, July to August is the rainy season, and diseases are frequent.
Peach tree blossom and fruiting stage: Low temperature and rainy, which is conducive to the onset of the disease.
Fruit ripening stage: Warm, foggy, and high humidity environments are severely
Hazardous features:
mainly harms the fruit, the surface of the young fruit is dark brown, wilted and hardened.
After the fruit expands, the surface of the infected fruit is initially light brown water stains, and after , it expands and turns reddish-brown.
lesions are sunken, with obvious concentric chakra wrinkles.
When the humidity is high, small orange-red sticky particles are produced.
Finally, the diseased fruit softly and rot off or falls off, or becomes a stale fruit that remains on the branches.
New shoots are infected with disease: has an oblong brown sunken spot, the diseased tips are curved sideways, and die in severe cases.
Prevention and control measures:
(1) In areas with severe disease, choose disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions; pay attention to the drainage of Taoyuan, reduce humidity, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers;
combined with winter shearing, thoroughly remove diseased tips and dead branches on and under the trees, stiff fruits and fruits falling on the ground, and burn them in a concentrated manner or buried deep.
Orchard bagging time should be appropriately early, and it is advisable to complete the bag before early May.
(2) Spray crystalline litholic sulfur mixture or 5 bameduli sulfur mixture plus 0.3% sodium pentachlorophenol before the peach buds sprout in early spring.
After the flowers fall, spray baijunqing, mancozeb, or methylthioglycerol, spray once every 10 days, and take the medicine 2 to 3 times in a row.
Low temperature, humidity and rainy period can easily cause flower rot.
The fruit is ripe during the ripening period, and it is warm, rainy and foggy, which can easily cause fruit rot.
There are many wounds on the surface, which will aggravate the occurrence of diseases.
Hazard characteristics:
mainly harms fruits.
Initially: produces brown round lesions on the fruit surface. If the environment is suitable, lesions can expand the whole fruit within a few days, and pulp will also turn brown, soft and rot.
Later: produces gray-brown velvet-like mold on the surface of the lesions, which often form concentric chakra arrangements. The diseased fruits tend to fall off after rotting, but many of them become stiff fruits after losing water, and they will not fall off on the hanging branches for a long time.
New shoots:
forms ulcer spots, oblong, slightly sunken in the center, gray-brown, purple-brown at the edges, and often flowing glue occurs.
Prevention and control measures:
(1) Combined with pruning, thoroughly remove overwintering bacteria sources such as stagnant fruits and diseased branches, burn them in a concentrated manner, and at the same time, deeply turn over the garden and bury the sickly remains underground; timely prevent and control pests such as peach borer, elephant carp, heart-eating insects, wax figures, etc. Bags to protect the fruit in early and mid-May.
(2) Spray 1 time before and after flowers: benzolin. Or spray 5 bamedulis sulfur mixture or crystalline lithium sulfur mixture before germination; spray dyssen zinc or methylthiobrazin about 10 days after flowering.
Spray in the early stage of the disease and 3 weeks before harvest: 大子生, or benzene, or methylthioglycerol, or isogranule. In severe cases, spray the medicine once every 15 days, and stop spraying 3 weeks before harvest.
There are two peaks in a year.
One is from early May to early June, and the other is from early August to early September.
Harmful Symptoms:
mainly harms branches.
When the tender branches were just infected with the disease, small wart-like bulges would appear on the skin hole. There was no glue flow in that year. In early May of the following year, the lesions cracked and colorless translucent thin and sticky soft glue overflowed.
The fruit is damaged by , which secretes yellow gum, which will harden the disease and sometimes cracks.
Prevention and control measures:
Strengthen fertilizer and water management, pay attention to scientific management to enhance tree potential, and improve disease resistance.
Scientific pruning, pay attention to timely retracting of branches during the growing season, prune less branches in winter, reduce branch wounds, pay attention to sparse flowers and fruits, and reduce load.
is used in time during the growing season :
spray 1200-1500 times 70% pyropods, or 30% mancozeb float 800 times, or 1500 times 50% benzolin wettable powder every 10-15 days. Note that the above agents must be used alternately.
Disinfection: After scraping off the lesions, apply lesions with more than 200 to 300 times more potent.
Generally, it is from April to October, especially after a long-term drought, and heavy rain occasionally occurs, so fluid-coating disease is serious.
The tree is old and has severe fluid disease.
Hazard characteristics:
The main trunk and main branches are damaged . After the outflow of gum comes into contact with the air, it turns reddish-brown and becomes a rubbery-brown hard rubber block.
The diseased part is easily infected by saprophytic bacteria, causing the cortex and xylem to brown and rot, and in severe cases the branches and trunks are dry or all die. The leaves turn yellow and smaller.
fruits will also suffer from , secreting yellow glucoplasm, sclerosis of the diseased area, and cracking in severe cases.
Prevention and control measures:
Winter and spring: Tree trunks are white to prevent and control frost damage and sun burning.
Spring: should remove the buds on the main trunk in time to prevent wounds and cause fluid during pruning.
After winter cutting, apply bactericide to large wounds in time.
Lesions mostly occur on the trunk near the ground.
can occur in early spring to late autumn, especially from April to June to the most severe disease.
Hazard characteristics:
mainly harms the main trunk and main branches, causing the bark to rot and cause the branches to die.
In the early stage, the cortex of the diseased part of is raised, slightly purple-red and leaks out the fluid glue. Finally, the cortex of turns brown and dies with wine lees, and there is a smell of black bulges on the surface. When the lesions expand the main trunk for a week, the diseased tree will die quickly.
Prevention and control measures:
Timely destroy and remove sick trees, dead branches and insect branches.
applies organic fertilizer to promptly prevent and control pests and diseases that cause early fallen leaves.
Growth period: lesions are found to be found in , the diseased area can be scraped and applied to the following medicine. Methylthiobrain, polygypsin, pherocephalus, etc.
usually begins to develop after leaf expansion in early April, and May is the peak period.
Cold, humid and rainy weather will promote the occurrence of the disease.
damage characteristics:
New shoots are victimized:
is gray-green or yellow, shorter and thicker than normal branches, with diseased leaves on it, and the branches that are seriously injured will wither.
Flowers and young fruits are affected:
most will fall off, so it is not easy to detect. The diseased fruit that has not fallen out is unevenly developed, with blocky bulge spots, yellow to reddish brown, and the fruit surface is often cracked. This deformed fruit will fall off soon.
Prevention and control measures:
(1) Taoyuan with severe disease and many fallen leaves:
It is necessary to increase fertilizer application and strengthen cultivation management to promote the recovery of tree potential.
After spraying, if a few diseased leaves appear, they should be removed in time and burned in a concentrated manner to reduce the bacterial source in the second year.
(2) Drug prevention and treatment:
When the peach buds begin to expand but have not expanded in early spring, spray 5 bamedustone sulfur mixture once. In this way, spraying the peach leaf shrinkage disease for two or three years can completely eradicate it.
Taoyuan, which has a very serious disease, can spray 2 to 3% copper sulfate once after the peach tree falls (November to December), and spray 5 Bameduite sulfur mixture once in the early spring of the second year to make the prevention and treatment effect more stable.
In addition to 5 bamedus sulfur mixture, 1% Bordeaux liquid can also be sprayed.
damage features:
This disease mainly occurs in the root neck, and also occurs in the lateral root and branch root.
The roots are damaged and form cancerous tumors.
The diseased seedlings have poor root system, very few root systems, and the above-ground part is obviously inhibited. The plants are short and the result is very slow. In severe cases, the leaves turn yellow and fall prematurely.
After adult fruit trees are injured, the fruits are smaller and the age is shortened.
Prevention and treatment measures:
(1) Select disease-free soil as nursery
Soil or orchard where rostral cancer has occurred cannot be used as seedlings;
Alkaline soil should be properly applied to the orchard;
The tumor should be removed or scraped in time;
The scratched and damaged skin should be taken out of the orchard to prevent the spread of the pathogen.
(2) Before planting seedlings, the roots should be carefully checked. Then, the seedling roots should be soaked with 0.3% to 0.4% copper sulfate for 1 hour; 50 to 100 grams of sulfur powder, or 60 grams of 5% formalin, or 100 to 150 grams of bleaching powder per square meter before planting.
(3) The wounds after the tumor are scratched
can be 100 times copper sulfate solution or 5 liters of agricultural streptomycin 400-500 mg 5 liters. After disinfection, use 1:2:100 times Bordeaux liquid protection or 5 times mixed solution of anti-cancer bacteria agent K84, and then water the soil with 100 times copper sulfate solution.
is mainly transmitted through grafting, and can be transmitted in the same orchard, pruning, aphids, mites, etc.
Within 20 cm around the diseased plant, flowers and leaves are quite common.
Hazard characteristics:
After the fruit is sick, it grows slowly, blooms slightly late, the fruit is slightly flat, and has a slightly bitter taste.
leaves turn yellow, but will not deform , and only show bright yellow diseased parts or milky white variegated colors, or greedy spots and diffuse flowers and leaves.
A few serious diseased plants, most of the leaves of the tree turn yellow, rolled leaves, and ulcers appear on the branches.
Prevention and treatment measures:
Locally found diseased strains are removed and destroyed in time. Strengthen management and improve tree disease resistance.
Timely prevent and control pests on trees.
is a common disease on old trees.
mainly harms peach tree branches and heartwood , causing the heartwood to rot and become shaved.
The victim tree has weak strength, the leaves turn yellow, and the leaves fall in the early stages, and when severe, the whole tree has withered.
Prevention and control measures:
Reducing tree wounds is an important measure to prevent the occurrence and expansion of wood rot.
Continuous cropping is severe, and the longer the continuous cropping period, the more serious the disease occurs.
damage characteristics:
mainly forms nodules at the root. In severe cases, some of the above-ground leaves are yellow and thin, and seem to be lacking in fat, with poor growth or extremely poor growth.
Prevention and control measures:
Avoid repeated crops and implement crop rotation. Continuous crops with grass crops are generally mild.
Chicken manure, cottonseed cake, etc. have a strong inhibitory effect on the occurrence of nematodes. Ammonium carbohydrate, ammonium sulfide and uncorroded leaves, and grass fertilizers have a strong effect on the occurrence of nematodes.
Use anti-nematode agents.
is also called corruption, mainly harming the fruit.
Lesions often occur at the top of the peach fruit or at the suture line.
Hazard characteristics:
When the disease first occurs, brown water-like spots appear on the fruit surface first. After , the lesions expand, the flesh rots, and reach the heart of the fruit. Finally, lesions are dehydrated and shrink, but the center does not shrink, and are bulging more than the surroundings, like tortoise-shaped.
The center of the dry shrinkage lesions is white, the edges are gray-black, and small particles are densely populated on it, which is a conidia device for the pathogen. When moisture occurs, white spore horns are produced on the conidia.
Bacteria invade branches, causing the branches to die or the glue to flow.
Prevention and treatment methods
(1) Thoroughly remove the stagnant fruit, cut off the diseased branches, burn it in a concentrated manner or bury it deeply, and reduce the source of overwintering bacteria.
Strengthen orchard management, improve orchard ventilation and light transmission conditions, pay attention to drainage, prevent and control pests in a timely manner, reduce wounds, and reduce diseases.
(2) Spray 5 bamedusite sulfur mixture before germination, spray mancozeb or benzene about 10 days after flowering, spray once every two weeks until the spray stops one month before the treatment.
The first spray of the disease: · Methylthioglycerol, etc.
is highly contagious. When the temperature is high and the humidity is high, the disease develops very quickly. After 4 to 5 days, all the fruits will rot.
Hazard characteristics:
Fruit initially has small brown spots and then expands rapidly.
2~3 days later, the diseased fruit will be light brown and soft rot, and thick white fine fluff will grow on the surface.
A few days later, small black dots grew in the velvet bush, which looked like black mold.
Prevention and control measures:
avoids mechanical damage during harvesting and transportation.
Soaked fruit with benzolin, chitosan and ammonium chloride, has certain preventive and control effects.
When the temperature is below 20 degrees, it is prone to disease.
Hazard characteristics:
Spring germination stage , tender leaves turn red, diseased leaves turn red, leaves pink, yellow or lose green between veins. When the disease occurs severely, the lower part of the leaves gradually burns, forming irregular perforations.
The upper part of the outer periphery of the tree canopy, the vigorously growing upright branches and the extended branches are more serious .
The fruit ripensation is delayed, and in severe cases the fruit has a distortion of the fruit top and the taste is light.
Prevention and treatment measures:
After germination in spring, spray 0.005% to 0.01% of the yield increased by 1 to 2 times to alleviate the condition.
eliminates serious diseased plants that have lost their results, and sprays medicines in time to prevent and control pests such as aphids, leafhoppers, and red spiders.
is mainly transmitted by insects, with high humidity, poor ventilation and light transmission, and severe disease in Taoyuan.
Harmful Symptoms:
mainly harms leaves, but also damages branches or fruits.
initially has dirty brown round or irregular mold spots, and then it forms soot-like substances, which can be covered with leaves, branches and fruit surfaces. In severe cases, green leaves and delicious fruits are almost invisible, and black mold layers are covered with black mold; it affects photosynthesis and causes peach trees to fall leaves early.
Prevention and control measures:
① Increase permeability of Taoyuan, drain water in time after rain, prevent moisture from retention, and prevent aphids, whiteflies and scale insects in time.
② Spray the medicine in time when sporadic occurrence. Commonly used agents include: benzolin, cyperidin, and polymyolin. It is prevented and treated once every 15 days or so, and is prevented and treated 1 to 2 times depending on the condition.
peak in spring and autumn.
Hazard characteristics:
leaves withered on the burnt edge, young leaves die, new shoots turn brown and die, roots show wood necrosis and rot, and the whole plant dies in severe cases.
Acute symptoms:
In the afternoon, the leaves on the ground suddenly lost water and dried up, and the diseased part still remained green. The green leaves broke in 4 to 5 days, like green and withered, and withered and died.
Chronic symptoms:
At the beginning, the leaves become lighter, gradually turn yellow, and finally look brown and dry, sometimes drooping in water, usually appear on a small number of leaves. In severe cases, the whole plant wilts and dies after a period of illness.
Prevention and control measures:
insist on irrigation with wormwood 1 to 2 times a year to prevent the occurrence of diseases.
mostly occurs during the ripening period of peach fruit.
Hazard characteristics:
will cause longitudinal cracks from the top of the fruit to the direction of the fruit stem or irregular cracks on the top of the fruit.
Prevention and control measures:
There are no remedial measures after the peach fruit cracks, and some precautions in cultivation management can be taken.
choose varieties that are not prone to cracking;
improves ventilation management conditions;
applies enough phosphorus fertilizer and less nitrogen fertilizer.
is a physiological disease caused by boron deficiency.
Hazard characteristics:
When the fruit grows to the size of broad beans, will manifest itself, changing from dark green to dark green, and gradually appearing as tickles and cracks, growing into deformed fruits.
leaves are thick and deformed, new shoots die from top to bottom, side branches grow below the dead area, showing clumpy.
Prevention and treatment measures:
Fruit shrinkage disease is mainly caused by boron deficiency, and the prevention and treatment is mainly to replenish boron for the diseased strain.
2. Pest
Hazard characteristics:
mainly harms larvae.
There will be yellow-brown transparent viscose in the boreholes of , and a large amount of reddish-brown insect feces are accumulated around it, and the fruits are prone to rot.
agent prevention and control:
The peak egg laying period and larval egg-generating period are critical periods for prevention and control.
optional agents include cypermethrin, cypermethrin, cyanopromethrin, cypermethrin, urea, etc.
Hazard characteristics:
larvae are harmful to the damage.
There are often flushing spots on the fruit-bearing mouth. The larvae cause harm in the flesh to cause young fruit to grow into uneven deformed fruits.
Prevention and control measures:
tree disk covers the mulch.
Medications for adult insect spawning: urea, fluorophenol, etc.
can be selected during the peak period of egg incubation: high-efficiency cyanimole, avermectin, methylamino avermectin benzoate, etc.
Hazard characteristics:
mainly harms leaves.
will cause the leaves to twist and roll into a spiral shape, causing fallen leaves, and the new shoots to fail to grow, affecting the formation of flower buds and weakening the tree's strength.
agent prevention and treatment:
peach buds germinate in early spring, and the overwintering egg hatching period to the high stage of larvae in the low-age are the key periods of prevention and treatment.
The agents available for use: acetaminine, high-efficiency cypromethrin, anti-aphir, cypromethrin, imidacloprid, avermectin, etc.
Hazardous features:
absorb host juice on the branches.
When the density is high, you can see that the scale on the branches is full of shells. The tree body is weakened and the yield is seriously affected. When the damage is serious, the branches will die.
Prevention and treatment methods:
(1) Before adults lay eggs,
use a rag or wear labor cloth gloves to remove the female insect shell on the branches.
(2) Pyramide ether plus vegetable oil or thiazide + chlorpyrifos is effective.
larvae overwinter in the trunk borer path, drilling irregular tunnels under the cortex and xylem, and discharged a large amount of reddish-brown feces debris into the borer hole, piled up the outside of the hole and the ground at the base of the trunk.
Prevention and control methods:
(1) Manual prevention and control
Timely removes dead branches and dead trees and burns them in a concentrated manner.
During the adult worm attack period between
larvae occurs during the larvae. often checks the branches and trunks. It is found that the larvae are searched for the holes of feces and use wire hooks to pierce the larvae.
(2) Apply white insect-proof
Before adult egg laying , brush lime sulfur mixture on the main trunk and main branches and add an appropriate amount of contact insecticide. The ratio of sulfur, quicklime and water is 1:10:40.
(3) Reagent
from the adult egg laying stage to the larval egg-egging stage selected agents sulfhydryl, cyanthrin, cyanthrin, cyanophenol, fluphenol, etc.
damage characteristics:
Peach leaf moth hazard
mainly feeds meat in leaf tissue, causing curved tunnels, and stuffs feces into it, causing early fallen leaves.
Prevention and control measures:
pupa stage and adult eruption stage are critical periods for drug prevention and control.
optional agents include:
methylaminoavermectin benzoate, cyanothrin, cis cyanothrin, fluoridine urea, etc.
Hazard characteristics:
mainly absorbs leaves and flesh. After the fruit is killed, it presents uneven deformed fruits. After the near-ripe fruit is killed, the flesh of the victim becomes empty and the wood is jammed.
Prevention and control measures:
combines other management measures to remove egg blocks and kill first egg nymphs at any time.
During the first generation of nymphs, combined with the prevention and control of other pests, the following agents are sprayed, such as cyanothrin, high-efficiency cyanothrin, deltamethrin, cyanothrin, cyanothrin and other agents.
Hazard characteristics:
Young mites, mites, and adult mites gather to feed on the back of the host leaves. In the early stage of the victim leaves, many small green spots appeared on both sides of the leaf veins. As the degree of damage deepened, the leaves lost their greenness seriously, appearing gray and becoming brittle and hard, causing fallen leaves and seriously affecting the tree potential.
Prevention and control measures:
avermectin·dalisin, acaridae, tetramizine, etc.
Article source: Nonggeek Plant Protection Map If there is any infringement, please contact us to delete
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