Legend Thousands of years ago, Cangjie created the most primitive hieroglyphics in China during the " Grain Rain ". To commemorate Cangjie's creation of characters, the United Nations has designated April 20th around the Grain Rain as "Chinese Language Day". The most complete beauty of Chinese language is the poetry and songs that have been passed down for thousands of years. Today, let’s meet Mr. Ye Jiaying, one of the few ancient poetry research masters in contemporary China, and accompany her to appreciate the charm of Chinese characters.
Ye Jiaying: Why do we still read poetry today?
seal script character "生"; the "一" on the right half of the character seems to be "a foot walking", and a "heart" is drawn under the character "一".
"When you think of your relatives in your hometown and the river in your hometown, your heart is walking. If you say it in words, it is poetry!"
Poetry is the condensation of emotions: "Write your sorrow when you part, and write your happiness when you gather." Just as Zhong Rong " Poetry Collection ": "Nothing more than poetry is to make poor and humble living in secluded life." In short, "poetry can make people calm in their hearts."
If life is misfortune, when you express it in poetry, your sorrow becomes an object of beauty, and you can use poetry to dissolve it...
If the mind is completely addicted to material desires, it will be the saddest thing in life. If a person hears the chirping of mountain birds and sees the changes in flowers blooming and falling, he will be moved from his heart, and such a heart is pure and moving.
and those moments when you think about connecting with the past and present and interacting with poets, those who read poetry are addicted, and are also happy and lucky.
Ye Jiaying: Chinese "scholar" in a skirt
She is called the lantern passerby of Chinese classical culture, and she has been teaching and saving countless people throughout her life. Poetry gives her strength, and she uses it to overcome her worries and gain healing. In an ancient and implicit literary form such as poetry, Ye Jiaying hides and releases something, and she is difficult for her life, real and aesthetic.
(Ye Jiaying, named Jialing, July 1924-)
In July 924, Ye Jiaying was born in a scholarly family in Beijing. When she was 3 or 4 years old, her parents began to teach her to recite ancient poems and understand Chinese characters.
△While Fu Ren University, Ye Jiaying was the second right in the back row, and the person sitting in front was Gu Sui .
941, Ye Jiaying was admitted to the Chinese Department of Fu Ren University, specializing in classical literature. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, my father moved south with the National Government and lost his news. In September of the same year, his mother died of cancer. Ye Jiaying lives with her uncle, aunt and two younger brothers. Life in the occupied area was hard, but Ye Jiaying never stopped studying and studied under Professor Gu Sui, a famous classical poet.
△The young Ye Jiaying is teaching the children.
Ye Jiaying graduated from university in 1945 and was hired as a Chinese teacher by three middle schools, which is deeply loved by students.
948 Ye Jiaying moved to Taiwan with her husband and taught at many universities. She has trained a large number of Chinese traditional cultural talents and has now grown into a famous expert and professor. During this period, a group of European and American students studied under her and later grew into Chinese studies experts. 966, Ye Jiaying went to the United States to give lectures and served as visiting professor at the University of Michigan and Harvard University. She was one of the few Chinese scholars who taught Chinese classical poetry in English at that time.
△ At the beginning of reform and opening up, Ye Jiaying (third from the right in front row) returned to China to give lectures.
974, nearly thirty years later, Ye Jiaying set foot on the motherland again. She wrote a 2,700-word long poem "Traveling to the Motherland" in one breath: "I have been away from home for 30 years, and my homesickness is gone. Once I return from outside, I burst into tears and my heart is ecstatic..." 1978, Ye Jiaying applied to the Chinese government to return to China to give lectures, which was approved in 1979. He began his busy life of returning to China to give lectures every year during holidays. For more than 20 years, Ye Jiaying has been invited to teach at dozens of universities including Peking University , Nankai University , Tianjin University , Nanjing University, Fudan University , Wuhan University and other teaching. After retirement in 1989, Mr. Ye Jiaying spent a whole semester every year to give lectures in the country.The rest of the time he was active in classical poetry forums in Canada, the United States, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and other places.
△Ye Jiaying's 90th birthday, Wen Jiabao wrote
A young mother lost, an unhappy marriage, an "white terror" in Taiwan, supporting her family alone, her eldest daughter and son-in-law both died in a car accident... She has experienced great sorrow and great pain, and poetry is her only expressing her feelings, just as she wrote, "A lifetime is so difficult, and her heart is like water. She has also been trapped in a deep cup." Even so, Ye Jiaying did not use poetry as comfort. She said that she was not a weak person and did not need comfort, "Poetry is an ideal."
Looking back on more than 90 years of life, she said that she was not a talented woman, but a "scholar in a skirt".
Ye Jiaying: There is an endless power in Chinese poetry
" Make friends with poetry "
Author/Ye Jiaying
The poems recited in my childhood accompanied me throughout my life, allowing me to go through countless hardships and remain optimistic and calm.
I
I have loved reading poetry since I was a child and have been teaching classical poetry for 70 years. This book is not out of the pursuit of knowledge, but out of the touching and calling of life to me contained in classical poetry. In this inspiring life, the soul, wisdom, character, embrace and cultivation of the great ancient poets has been accumulated. Therefore, there has always been a saying in China that "poetry education".
I have experienced a lot of suffering and misfortune in my life, but I have always maintained an optimistic and calm attitude, which has a lot to do with the love of classical poetry. Nowadays, some young people are blinded by temporary short-short-minded utilitarianism and material desires, and can no longer recognize the function of poetry that can enhance the quality of people's spiritual quality. This is naturally an extremely regrettable thing. How to make up for this regret is a great wish for many years, and it is also a major reason why I decided to return to China to teach, and pay special attention to the influence of poetry when teaching poetry.
I firmly believe that when children recite ancient poems, they will become people who care more about society and mankind when they grow up.
compiled a reading book of ancient poems for
teenagers, and taught them how to recite and chant ancient poems. This is a wish that I have always had for many years. I have this wish not only to preserve the precious tradition of Chinese classical poetry , but also to cultivate and improve the moral quality and learning ability of our next generation of children by teaching them to recite and chant ancient poems.
I firmly believe that if children can learn to recite and chant ancient poems when they are young, this will not only make them grow up to be caring people who care more about society and mankind, but also make them more associative and intuitive in their studies, and they can achieve more outstanding achievements in both liberal arts and science.
Chinese classical poetry has one of the most valuable characteristics, that is, poetry contains a kind of power of moving and moving. As early as Zhong Rong's "Preface to Poetry", he once put forward his views on the driving force of poetry creation, saying: Spring breeze, spring birds, autumn moon, autumn cicadas, these four phenomena are the ones that touch the poems. He also said: Jiahui sends poems to relatives, and separates people to express poems to resentment. All these things will make the soul feel distracted. The previous paragraph talks about the scenery of the four seasons in nature that moves people; the latter paragraph talks about the separation, reunion, joy and sorrow in the human world that moves people.
The poet wrote beautiful poems for us through his keen observation and deep feelings, which were filled with the poet's appreciation, love and care for the universe and the world. If children learn to recite and chant ancient poems from childhood, they will naturally cultivate their ability to observe and feel everything in the universe and their feelings of appreciation and care since childhood.
The ancients wrote poems and were inspired by their feelings. This vitality has been passed down for thousands of years and has been endless.
Ever
Someone asked me: Will Chinese classical poetry perish? I thought I wouldn't.The ancient Chinese wrote poems with their own experiences and life experiences, and integrated into their ideals and will. They wrote down their inner feelings and read their works thousands of years later, and we can still feel the same touch. This is the life of Chinese classical poetry. Therefore, Chinese classical poetry will never perish. Because, as long as a person with feelings, emotions and cultivation is able to read the sincere and touching life contained in the poem, and this kind of life is endless.
This article is selected from "Making Friends with Poetry" and "Give Poetry to Children"
Reading Poetry, you can understand the charm of Chinese language
Only in Chinese can you recite
Chinese language and characters are not similar to Western pinyin language, its biggest feature is " single single vocal". For example, when we say "flower", it belongs to a single sound, a sound; single body, a square character. But the flowers in English are composed of many syllables. This single-tongue language and writing feature is unique to us, so only Chinese can recite it.
The language and characters with single-sounding should form a sense of rhythm. The shortest and most primitive sentence structure is the four-character style. For example, the first poem in the Book of Songs - "Guanju":
"Guanju is on the island of the river. A beautiful lady is a gentleman."
has two words and one syllable, which is the rhythmic and shortest sentence. This sentence structure is not an imposed rule, but is formed naturally. Because one character has no syllables, two or three characters, and the syllables are still very monotonous, only four characters have two syllables.
The profound beauty of Chinese classical poetry
Chinese classical poetry has been based on its direct inspiration power as its most basic feature. When it comes to writing poetry, it must be "emotions are moved in the middle and expressed in words", that is, seeing the scenery and emotions in the outside world move the heart, and then express it in poetry. Xin Qiji has two words:
"A pine and a bamboo are true friends, mountain birds and mountain flowers are good brothers."
means that every pine tree and every bamboo are my friend, and a bird and a flower on the mountain are my brothers. People should have the heart to cherish and care for all things in the universe.
In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Zhong Rong said in "Preface to Poetry":
"The animals of qi are touching things, so they shake their temperaments and dance with them."
He believes that the operation of the yin and yang energy between heaven and earth touched all things, and the growth and changes of all things touched people's hearts, causing the shaking of human nature. The best way to express this touch and shaking is poetry.
Methods of poetry: Fu, Bi, Xing
The so-called "Xing", is the heart that causes inner touch from things and the heart, and the human heart is caused by external objects. External objects refer to the scenery of nature. For example, the article "Guanju" is caused by external objects and is "restoration". For example, "Zhou Nan·Guanju":
Guanju is located in the continent of the river. A graceful lady is a gentleman.
jagged , flow it left and right. A beautiful lady, I'm looking for it.
cannot find it, and I feel sad. Leisurely and tossing and turning.
jagged watercress, pick them on both sides. A beautiful lady, a friend of the piano and zither.
jagged watercress, pick them on the left and right. A beautiful lady, bells and drums are played.
"The gulf is singing in the river island", "The uneven watercress is flowing on the left and right", the first two sentences describe external objects; "When you sleep and think about clothes", "The beautiful lady, bells and drums are played with" are no longer external objects, but are caused by external objects, which is "restoration".
The so-called "comparison", is from the heart and things, and there is a kind of emotion in the heart first, and then it is expressed by external things. For example, "Wei Feng·Master Rat ":
Master Rat 1Master Rat, I have no food to eat my millet. I am a three-year-old girl, so I don’t care about it.
The deceased daughter is about to leave, and she is in the land of happiness. The paradise of happiness, I find my place.
big rat, big rat, no food for my wheat. Three years old, don’t I, Kendra.
The daughter is about to die, and she is in the country of joy. The country of joy is a country of joy, so I can be straight.
big rat, big rat, no food for my seedlings. I am a three-year-old girl, so don’t work hard.
The daughter is about to leave, and she is happy in the suburbs.Lejiao, who will be eternal?
This poem describes not that there is really a big mouse in front of you, but that "I" first suffer from the pain of being exploited, and then use the mouse as a metaphor to satirize those exploiters, and express the beautiful wish in the poem that I hope to find a place where there is no exploitation. First, you have the heart, and then use external objects as metaphors. This is "comparison".
The so-called "fu" is means that it is the heart and the object. What kind of touch is expressed directly, without borrowing external objects. For example, "Zheng Feng·Jiang Zhongzi":
号, no more than me, no more than my tree berries. How dare you love it? Fear my parents.
can be thought of, and the words of parents can also be feared.
, Zhong Zi, no more than my wall, no more than my mulberry trees. How dare you love it? Fear my brothers.
can be thought of, and the words of brothers can also be feared.
. The first son of me will not go beyond my garden, nor will I break my sandalwood. How dare you love it? I fear others' words.
can be thought of, but people can also be feared by saying too much.
This poem describes a kind of affection expressed by a girl to the boy she loves. "Don't jump into my house, don't break the branches of my chess tree. I am not caring about the tree in my house, but afraid of my parents." This way, expressing the inner emotions through direct narrative is called "fu".
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