General Secretary Xi Jinping once emphasized, "Cultural is the soul of a nation, and cultural identity is the root of national unity." On August 24, the General Secretary inspected the "cultural business card" here in Chengde, Hebei Province - Chengde Summer Resort, Puning Temple, and Chengde Museum. Cultural heritage protection and inheritance, religious work, and ethnic unity are important keywords for the General Secretary’s trip.
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A villa, half of the Qing Dynasty
Chengde Summer Resort is also known as "Rehe Palace". It was built in 1703 and was built in 1792. The area of the villa is equivalent to two Summer Palaces and is the largest existing royal garden in the world.
Summer Resort is a summer palace of the Qing Dynasty. It has a pleasant climate and beautiful scenery. It is divided into two parts: palace area and garden scenic area according to its function. Among them, the palace area is divided into four groups: Zhenggong, Songhezhai, Donggong and Wanhe Songfeng. It is the place where the emperor lives and handles court affairs, banquets and entertainment, and holds major celebrations. The garden scenic area includes lake area, plain area and mountain area.
For more than 130 years of Kangxi and Qianlong prosperity, the Qing emperors spent a lot of time in the summer resort to deal with important military and political affairs almost every year. The summer resort became the second political center in the Qing Dynasty except for the capital.
The summer resort was built not only for "summer escape", but also for the unity of ethnic minorities in the border areas and consolidating national unity. The rulers of the Qing Dynasty realized that, as a fortification for thousands of years, the Great Wall, while resisting foreign invasions, also blocked the integration of agricultural civilization and nomadic civilization. "Our dynasty has given grace to Khalkha to make it more stable than the Great Wall."
In the summer resort, the Qing emperor met with the political and religious leaders and foreign envoys of the border ethnic minority groups. The summer resort witnessed major historical events such as the return of Turgut thousands of miles to the east and the quelling of the rebellion of the Junggar tribe in Mongolia.
After the Tongzhi, the Qing Dynasty declined extremely, and the summer resort that had been prosperous for more than a hundred years was gradually abandoned and turned into a historical trace.
Ethnic unity, rich heritage
On the north side of Chengde Summer Resort, stands Puning Temple, the largest Tibetan Buddhist temple in northern my country.
Puning Temple was first built in 1755. In order to commemorate the two rebellions of the Junggar tribe, Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of Puning Temple in imitation of Sangyuan Temple in Tibet, which means "peace of one's residence, enjoy one's business, and forever Puning" in the world. Puning Temple is a typical Han-Tibetan temple with a combination of Han-Tibetan style. The first half is Han-Tibetan style and the second half is Tibetan style. Tibetan Buddhism and Han Buddhism are organically integrated here.
Build a temple, which is better than raising 100,000 soldiers. The Emperor of the Qing Dynasty built 12 temples in Chengde, 8 of which were directly managed by the Qing Dynasty's vassal court. Because they are located outside the Great Wall, they are called "Eight Temples in the Outer". In 1994, the Summer Resort and surrounding temples were included in the World Cultural Heritage List.
△Pining Temple (photo taken by Duan Dewen, CCTV reporter of the Central Station)
The "Eight Temples" including Puning Temple were built in the Qing Dynasty to unite ethnic minorities in Xinjiang, Tibet and other regions, for their worship of Buddha during the emperor's worship. "Understanding the hearts of the inside and outside, it will become a consolidation cause." The Summer Resort and its surrounding temples creatively solved the difficult knot of ethnic division in Chinese history and promoted the great integration of the Chinese nation.
"The diversity and unity of the Chinese nation is a rich heritage left to us by our ancestors and a huge advantage of our country's development." A month ago, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized when inspecting the Drepung Monastery of Lhasa, "The law of development of religion lies in 'harmony'. Religion must be harmonious, society must be harmonious, and nation must be harmonious."
During domestic inspections in recent years, the General Secretary has repeatedly emphasized the importance of national unity. As he said, "A Chinese history is a history of the integration of all ethnic groups into a diverse and integrated Chinese nation, and the history of the great motherland jointly created, developed and consolidated by all ethnic groups."
blocks the north and south of the Yangtze River, and the cultural treasure
takes the true colors of natural landscapes and captures the scenery of north and south of the Yangtze River.
When the Qing Dynasty built the Chengde Summer Resort, the emperors used the natural terrain to build pavilions and towers.The villa integrates the beautiful south and the north into one, and combines national scenic spots into a garden. It includes the beautiful scenery of the Jiangnan water town, the vast grasslands, and the ripples and the ripples. It is known as the "highest example of Chinese classical gardens."
The Summer Resort is simple and elegant, while the outer eight temples are magnificent. The two form a sharp contrast in architectural styles, creating a model of the integration of imperial palaces and royal temples, and creating a model of national unity and cultural integration.
The inscriptions, murals, porcelain, lacquerware, jade, Buddha statues and other material and intangible cultural heritage collected by the Summer Resort and the Waiba Temples vividly records and displays the colorful excellent traditional Chinese culture.
△The copper bells and pestles treasured in the Chengde Museum are one of the gifts presented by the Sixth Panchen Lama to celebrate Emperor Qianlong’s birthday. (Photo taken by Ma Lifei, CCTV reporter)
This time in Chengde, General Secretary Xi Jinping also visited the Chengde Museum in the northeast of the Summer Resort. The General Secretary has always attached great importance to the protection of historical and cultural heritage. He proposed to "make the cultural relics collected in museums, the heritage displayed on the vast land, and the words written in ancient books come alive." He also emphasized the need to "carefully protect the cultural heritage left by our ancestors so that the historical context can be better passed on."
As a world-renowned cultural heritage, Chengde Summer Resort and its surrounding temples are a treasure house of history and culture, a monument to national unity, shining across time and space.
Producer丨Shen Yong Zhao Xuehua Gong Xuehui
Editor丨Hou Yan
Speech丨Li Chun
Audio production丨Zhou Tianzong
Editor丨Yu Zhenyi
Vision丨Chen Kuo Zhang Jing
Editing丨Du Hongyang
Source: CCTV News Client
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