Xu Zhimo, who is naturally romantic, is undoubtedly an important existence that must be mentioned in the history of Chinese literature. In addition to his talent, his personal emotional life is often criticized and criticized by the world, because he abandoned his original wife Zhang Youyi and destroyed the marriage of "husband" Lu Xiaoman.
But if you carefully read the information of celebrities and literati of that era, you will find that such things are actually very common. For example, Xu Zhimo's "brother-in-law" and Zhang Youyi's biological brother Zhang Junmai also "abandoned his wife and remarried", and his two wives were not very satisfied.
So, why do people never criticize Zhang Junmai for being "figureful" and "indifferent"?
01, a talented man and beautiful woman: He also bowed to the old era
0 Zhang Junmai was born in 1887. He was from a wealthy family when he was young. He entered a private school at the age of 6. He was talented and diligent. Especially Zhu Xi's "Minist Meaning" laid a favorable foreshadowing for his life's concept of gentle temperament and respecting virtue.
html When he was 312 years old, Zhang Junmai followed his mother's arrangements to and entered the Guangfang dialect museum where few parents were willing to study English and Western classics.
1902, 15-year-old Zhang Junmai easily passed the provincial examination and became a scholar in the old era. In 1903, he accidentally saw the Zhendan University admission information and related articles personally issued by Liang Qichao . He was moved and went through a lot of hardships to enter the school.
But unfortunately, due to the loss of family and the inability to pay for tuition, Zhang Junmai only stayed for half a year and was forced to interrupt his studies .
In 1904, 17-year-old Zhang Junmai suffered another severe academic defeat. Because he had participated in protesting the illegal occupation of Chinese land in Russia, Nanjing Higher Education College insisted on dismissing him. Zhang Junmai, who was deeply hit, entered Hunan Middle School and became a teacher with the help of his friends.
1906, Zhang Junmai followed his parents' arrangements and returned to his hometown to marry Shen, who had no emotional foundation. Two months later, Zhang Junmai and his younger brother Zhang Gongquan traveled across the ocean to study in Japan with the support of the Qing government .
Because Zhang Junmai did not follow the arrangements of the Qing government to study physics and chemistry subjects, but chose the law and politics that he was more interested in, the Qing government interrupted the funding for Zhang Junmai after half a year, which led to his overseas study in poverty for a time.
But Zhang Junmai did not give up easily. While continuing to study English classics of politics and law, he began to come into contact with relevant German works and had the idea of studying in Germany.
1910, Zhang Junmai returned to China after completing his studies and took the examination of the Qing Dynasty academic department. became one of the last Hanlin people in China. In 1913, under the arrangement of Liang Qichao, Zhang Junmai realized his wish and went to the University of Berlin, Germany to study politics. During the
period, he learned about the chaos caused by Yuan Shikai , and he resolutely gave up his studies and returned to China to participate in the anti-Yuan struggle. When Yuan Shikai died, Zhang Junmai, who suffered political setbacks, studied in Germany again.
This time, he was worried about the domestic situation and returned to China without obtaining a doctorate degree. In 1923, Zhang Junmai was invited to give a speech at Tsinghua University.
While causing an uproar in the Chinese cultural circle, he also met a person who was extremely important to his life. This person is Wang Shiying. They met at the meeting preparing to welcome Tagore. Zhang Junmai fell in love with Wang Shiying, who was in full swing and had a good conversation at first sight, and then launched a fierce love letter attack.
Why did Zhang Junmai, who had never been moved, fall under Wang Shiying's pomegranate skirt so easily? In fact, the reason is very simple. They are people on the same road. They have all bowed to the old times and have been trying to break free from the shackles of the old times.
Similar souls always resonate when they get close. Wang Shiying is 12 years younger than Zhang Junmai. She was born in 1899 and is a lady from an official family. She studied at Fuzhou Normal School and had close contacts with children's writer Bing Xin .
20 years old, Wang Shiying fell in love with his fellow villager Zheng Zhenduo . Her parents blocked their love on the grounds that their family backgrounds were huge, and Wang Shiying, who was unable to resist her parents, was forced to break up with Zheng Zhenduo.
After that, Wang Shiying remained single until she met Zhang Junmai.Wang Shiying was very confused about Zhang Junmai's pursuit. She wrote to her friend Bing Xin, who was far away in the United States, and asked her in an understatement, could consider the combination with Mr. Zhang Junmai?
Although Bing Xin does not know Zhang Junmai, she has read Zhang Junmai's articles and uses her literary talent to see people's character. She feels that Zhang Junmai is worthy of entrusting her life, so she tried her best to promote the two.
1924, Wang Shiying, who was deeply moved by Zhang Junmai's love words, received support from his friends, accepted Zhang Junmai's pursuit. During that time, Zhang Junmai was very busy, but he still insisted on his daily date with Wang Shiying.
After ten days of time and frequent letter exchanges, the relationship between the two people quickly heated up, and further strengthened Zhang Junmai's belief in marrying Wang Shiying.
However, for Zhang Junmai at that time, if he wanted to marry Wang Shiying, he had to solve a very important thing first: divorced his original wife Shen.
Zhang Junmai found her sister Zhang Youyi and sought her advice. Zhang Youyi smiled and said to her brother: "I know you can handle it properly."
Zhang Junmai did not disappoint his sister's high hopes. He personally wrote a letter to Shen to explain the divorce request and promised: "You can raise the conditions for divorce at will. As long as I can meet it, I will definitely do it as much as possible."
Shen and Zhang Junmai had no feelings. After hearing this news, they did not resist. directly agreed to Zhang Junmai's request , and the two were able to break up peacefully. After the divorce, Zhang Junmai paid Shen a support fee to ensure that she had no worries for the rest of her life.
However, according to the old concept, Shen, who divorced her husband, did belong to the category of bad endings. Since then, she gradually disappeared in front of others, and no one knows how she later. In 1925, Zhang Junmai and Wang Shiying, who were single, officially entered the marriage hall.
02, deep love: that is what love looks like
People in the world are often curious: What does a marriage with love look like? I personally believe that Zhang Junmai and Wang Shiying are typical representatives.
After marriage, Wang Shiying focused all her life on her family. She no longer engaged in literary writing, but regarded Zhang Junmai as her only life. While taking care of Zhang Junmai's daily life, she acted as his right-hand assistant and assisted him in academic research.
Others felt sorry for Wang Shiying's choice. Because she is indeed a young woman with outstanding literary talent, she once won praise from Chinese and Japanese education people for her "Travel Diary" that is more than 50,000 words. If she continues her literary career, she will surely be famous all over the world in the future.
Zhang Junmai was very grateful for his wife's efforts. Later, he wrote in a translation: "Translation of books is a difficult thing. After every translation of this book is completed, I will ask my wife to proofread it. The original work of this book, Lasky stated in the preface that he received help from his wife, and I am the same."
He specifically marked the title page of the translation of the book: "I would like to present this book to Ms. Shi Yin" , Shi Yin is Wang Shiying.
In the autumn of 1926, Wang Shiying gave birth to Xiaohu, the first child of her and Zhang Junmai. At that time, Bing Xin happened to return to the country to visit the couple and record that ordinary day.
Because Wang Shiying is still in confinement and needs to rest in bed, Zhang Junmai goes downstairs to welcome Bing Xin. His enthusiastic and friendly attitude left a deep impression on Bing Xin, which gave the female writer who was also internationally renowned as an illusion that they were not a stranger, but a reunion of old friends after a long time.
entered the house, and Wang Shiying, who had just met her friend for the first time, was a little happy , and a little shy. She and Bing Xin chatted by the bed for half an hour. Bing Xin was worried that it would affect her rest, so she took the initiative to say goodbye and left.
Since then, Bing Xin has met with the couple many times, and each time it seems that he can feel the deep and compatible friendship between the two in their attitude.
1929, an unexpected arrival once again allowed others to see the true feelings of sharing weal and woe between Zhang Junmai and Wang Shiying. The day before the Dragon Boat Festival that year, Zhang Junmai finished teaching at the Zhixing Academy in the Shanghai Concession and walked home as usual.
Unexpectedly, halfway through the way, a strange car suddenly stopped beside him, and several Biaohan rushed down and took him into the car and left quickly . Afterwards, the robbers called the Zhang family and asked the Zhang family to take out a huge redemption for Zhang Junmai, otherwise they would cut off Zhang Junmai's ears.
The relatives of the Zhang family were all panicked and uneasy about this change, but Wang Shiying was calm and calm, and made a judgment very clearly: "Junmai is very influential in the domestic literary world, and has a strong and clear personality. The robbers are not trying to tie him up for money. He is probably for political purposes. He wants to use Junmai's safety to force Shanghai Zhixing Academy to dissolve."
The facts are indeed as Wang Shiying expected. Since Zhang Junmai has always opposed and criticized the dictatorship of the Kuomintang, the Kuomintang tried to force Zhang Junmai to surrender with life and death. , Zhang Junmai put life and death aside, and was never moved.
The kidnapper had no choice but to continue to threaten Zhang Junmai's safety and demand ransom from the Zhang family, claiming that if he could not receive the money again, he cut off Zhang Junmai's head and threw it on the Daxi Road.
Wang Shiying refused to pay the ransom and was in a stalemate with the robbers. While secretly joining the relatives of the Zhang family for help from Du Yuesheng, Zhang Taiyan and others, he finally successfully rescued Zhang Junmai.
In the same year, Zhang Junmai briefly went to Germany to avoid the Kuomintang's suppression. A period of time when the War of Resistance Against Japan began, Zhang Junmai was under house arrest for more than two years for promoting the constitutional movement. During this period, one of the misfortunes of Zhang and Wang experienced in life: their youngest son Guokang died prematurely.
Troubles and blows again and again, without consuming any deep friendship between Zhang Junmai and Wang Shiying, they made their hearts closer to each other.
In 1934, Zhang Junmai, who returned from a study tour in Germany, received an invitation from Yanjing University, and settled in Yanyuan with Wang Shiying. He lived next to Bingxin and his wife, and spent a pleasant and leisurely time.
Bing Xin said in the article that her husband and Zhang Junmai are both book lovers. often talks about books until midnight. , so she and Wang Shiying went to Peking together to enjoy the scenery and talk about their thoughts, and were extremely comfortable.
Unfortunately, the cruel world never allows people to steal too many quiet and good times. The eternal separation is still staged between Zhang Junmai and Wang Shiying.
03, failed to die: I was separated from you thousands of miles apart and separated from you
1944, 45-year-old Wang Shiying became pregnant again, and relatives and friends advised her: "You are already giving birth at an old age. If the family is complicated, be sure not to show off. And when giving birth, you must let Zhang Junmai be by your side."
But at that time, Zhang Junmai's career was in a busy moment. Even if there was a little ominous premonition in his heart, Wang Shiying did not disturb his work.
She endured her anxiety and thoughts and poured wine to San Francisco, USA to attend the United Nations founding meeting. The Zhang family’s younger brothers and sisters-in-law laughed at the elder brother and sister-in-law “The couple is old, but their feelings are more prosperous than those of young people” , but they don’t know that this is the farewell between the couple.
In 1945, the bad news of Wang Shiying's death from childbirth spread to Zhang Junmai's ears, which made him extremely sad. Bing Xin recorded all the things before and after his friend died in the article.
In early March of that year, she was very happy to learn that Wang Shiying was about to give birth, and felt that the couple might be able to forget the sadness of losing their young son because of the arrival of their newborn.
Bing Xin wrote a letter to her husband who is also in the United States, hoping that he could convey the good news to Zhang Junmai. Unexpectedly, the letter was sent for more than ten days. When Wang Shiying and her friendship Mei Yiqi accidentally mentioned at the dinner table: "I heard that Mrs. Junmai passed away the day before yesterday, as if it was because of a difficult childbirth."
Bing Xin heard this, was stunned and did not speak for a while. After dinner, she immediately wrote a letter to Zhang Junmai's two younger sisters to ask about the truth. In June of that year, she personally met with Zhang Junmai's sister-in-law and Zhang Jiazhu's wife Zhang Xiaomei to talk about Wang Shiying's funeral.
At the end of December 1946, Wang Shiying was buried beside the tomb of his ancestors in his hometown. Zhang Junmai specially wrote an article "A Brief Description of the Dead Lady of the Dead Family" to commemorate his deceased wife.
The rest of his life, Zhang Junmai never renewed his marriage, and he remembered Wang Shiying until his death. Others advised him to "don't indulge in the past sorrow", and he shook his head and replied: "My heart can only hold on to the lower level in this life."
In 1969, Zhang Junmai, who had been away from Wang Shiying for 24 years, told his family on his deathbed that he must be buried with Wang Shiying, but this wish was not realized in the end.
couple, separated by oceans and buried in both ends of the earth. However, I believe that in another world, they must have met again and there will be no difference from now on.
episode back to the beginning, why is it the same " If you abandon your original wife and remarry, can Zhang Junmai get the tolerance and understanding of the world? In fact, the reason is related to Zhang Junmai's character and style of behavior.
Before meeting Wang Shiying, he had always been clean and never had close contact with any woman. When he fell in love with Wang Shiying, he was devoted to her. Even if Wang Shiying left the world early, he did not betray the sincere friendship for Wang Shiying.
At the same time, in terms of his attitude towards his original wife Shen, Zhang Junmai also follows the "gentleman style". Not only frankly and clearly states divorce requests, but also promises that Shen can make any request within his own ability and try to ensure that Shen's rest of his life is safe.
This behavior is in sharp contrast to Xu Zhimo's "ruthlessness" when Zhang Youyi was pregnant, and naturally it is easier to win the favor of the world.
It can be seen that people in the world are not harsh on men's behavior of "divorce divorce" , but looks down on some men's slight attitude towards the "original wife", such as Xu Zhimo and Lu Xun, who regard the original wife Zhu An as a "gift that has to be accepted".
The ignorance and ignorance of women in the old era were never their own fault. It is reasonable for men with new ideas to dislike them, but no matter what, malicious abandonment and ignorance are all disrespect for women, right?
text/Yu Xin
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