Expert in this article: Wang Silu, national second-level public nutritionist, internal auditor of HACCP food system of the People's Republic of China
review article: Liu Shaowei, deputy director and professor of the Food and Drug Supervision Research Center of East China University of Technology, PhD in Food Science from Penn State University, and postdoctoral fellow at Kansas State University in the United States
mushroom , as a basic daily food ingredient in the family, carries the dual "responsibility" of deliciousness and nutrition. This kind of excellent food has been quarreled by everyone on the Internet recently. There are some remarks that mushrooms have a particularly strong adsorption ability to heavy metals, and eating them frequently can easily lead to heavy metal poisoning .
Is this really true? Don’t panic, today I will explain the “truth” about mushrooms for you.
mushrooms, as a type of edible fungal substance, may have a higher ability to enrich heavy metals than green leafy vegetables, but it cannot be judged based on this point that "mushrooms contain more heavy metals."
Some large fungi may indeed enrich certain heavy metal substances during growth, such as the unusual " Agaricus bisporus ". But this does not mean that all mushrooms (edible fungi) have strong heavy metal enrichment capabilities, because there are large differences between different mushroom species and cannot be generalized.
For these mushroom varieties that may be enriched with heavy metals, the so-called "enrichment process (enrichment conditions)" is more caused by the environment. In other words, mushrooms can only have the opportunity to enrich heavy metals when they grow in an environment polluted by heavy metals. In other words, mushrooms themselves do not contain heavy metal substances. If they do not exist in the growth environment, they will have no way to talk about "containing heavy metals".
Most of the mushrooms we eat on a daily basis are artificially cultivated in the greenhouse using culture medium, and the culture medium generally does not contain heavy metal substances, and the addition of heavy metal substances will not bring benefits or benefits to merchants. Therefore, most home-cooked mushrooms do not have the "properties" of enriching heavy metals, so there is no need to worry.
There are always rumors about the harm of heavy metals. In fact, even if we consume a little (triple amount) of residual heavy metal substances, the metallothione and other substances present in the body can also be combined with heavy metal ions, which will cause them to lose their activity. As time goes by, they will slowly be excreted through the digestive tract.
In other words, the trace heavy metal substances contained in mushrooms are "organic states that bind to metallothionein", and the toxicity, metabolic excretion mechanism and inorganic heavy metal element are not the same. "Intake" and "overdose" are not the same concept. There is a "toxic dose" in any poisoning reaction. The truth of the matter is not as terrible as the rumor claims.
For any food, absolutely safe food will not exist, but risk and toxicity are completely different concepts, because any toxic reaction has a "toxic dose" problem. All suggestions should not be ignored for various food safety issues, nor should they be taken too seriously. The harm of online rumors should not be believed.
Rumors: Sometimes mushrooms turn black because the heavy metals contained in them exceed the standard.
This is a total rumor. The reason why mushrooms turn black is because mushrooms are rich in polyphenol compounds, which are oxidized under the catalytic action of polyphenol oxidase , thus producing brown or black substances. If the appearance just turns black, there is actually no problem. That is to say, blackening has no connection with heavy metal.
You must be sure not to eat mushrooms you don’t know, do not eat wild mushrooms, and do not buy wild mushrooms picked and sold by individuals. In addition, science rejects "heavy metals". It is recommended that you should consume animal offal in your life, eat seafood such as fish and shrimp in moderation according to the "Diet Guide for Chinese Residents", and reduce the intake of your favorite meals such as fried dough sticks and puffed foods.
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Editor: Zhang Wei | Editor: Wang Xianjin
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