According to the China Earthquake Network, a magnitude 7.4 earthquake occurred in Mexico (16.14 degrees north latitude, 95.75 degrees west longitude) at 23:29 on June 23, with a depth of 10 kilometers. At least five people have died at this time.
epicenter
At least 5 deaths
Where is Mexico? Why is an earthquake?
Earthquake refers to the phenomenon of ground vibration within a certain range caused by the sudden release of rock stress in a certain part of the earth's crust. It is the result of earth's movement. In the continuous movement of the earth, huge energy is accumulated. When the underground rocks cannot withstand this energy, they will break and release energy in an instant. These energy generates seismic wave , which spreads to the surface, causing vibrations on the ground, that is, earthquakes. The occurrence of earthquakes is the same as breaking chopsticks with your hands, but this "hand" is much larger and it is the entire earth.
earthquake diagram
earthquake wave
earthquakes are natural and artificial. For example, the earthquake caused by nuclear bomb explosion is an artificial earthquake, and natural earthquakes are caused by great damage to human society. Natural earthquakes also have different causes, which can be divided into volcanic earthquakes, , sinking earthquakes, and tectonic earthquakes. More than 90% of the world's tectonic earthquakes are tectonic earthquakes, and this Mexican earthquake is tectonic earthquake .
tectonic earthquake damage
What is a tectonic earthquake? Tectonic earthquakes are caused by the staggered movement and rupture of rock formations deep underground. This earthquake has a large intensity and a wide range, which poses the greatest threat to humans.
In fact, the distribution of earthquakes on the earth is very regular. is mostly distributed on the boundary between continents or plates , and rarely distributed inside the continent.
Global earthquake distribution
In fact, Mexico is in the world's largest and most active seismic zone, Pacific Rim seismic zone .
Under Mexico and the entire Pacific Rim seismic zone, the entire Pacific plate is constantly inserting into the depths of the earth. It makes Mexico in an environment of very concentrated stress as a whole, just like we are struggling and breaking chopsticks. When the rocks below Mexico could no longer bear it, the earthquake occurred. The magnitude of of this earthquake is very high, which means that the time and energy accumulated before are very large.
schematic diagram
In fact, Mexico history is also a country with frequent earthquakes. On September 7, 2017, an 8.2-magnitude earthquake occurred in the southern waters of Mexico, killing 98 people; on September 19, a 7.1-magnitude earthquake occurred in central Mexico, killing 369 people.
127 atomic bombs
The magnitude of the magnitude depends on the ability of the earthquake to release. The greater the energy released, the higher the magnitude. The strongest earthquake at present is the 1960 Chile 9.5 earthquake, equivalent to the ability to release 27,000 Hiroshima atomic bombs.
Chile earthquake
0 The magnitude is logarithmic relationship with the released energy, and the released energy E=10^4.8×10^(1.5M) joules, where M is the magnitude. The energy of a magnitude 8 earthquake is 100,000 times that of a magnitude 4 earthquake, while earthquakes below magnitude 3.5 are generally unaware of them.
This Mexican earthquake was magnitude 7.4. According to simple calculations, it is equivalent to releasing 1.9 million tons of TNT energy. You should know that the energy of the first atomic bomb of mankind is 15,000 tons of TNT. In other words, the earthquake was equivalent to 127 atomic bombs exploding together 10 kilometers underground!
Little Boy Atomic Bomb
Atomic Bomb Explosion
Tsunami, the epidemic has made the worse
Mexico is close to the Pacific Ocean, and earthquakes may also trigger tsunamis. Seismic waves are transmitted to the sea, causing strong vibrations in the rocks under the sea. After this vibration is transmitted to seawater, it causes a large-scale decline or rise in seawater, triggering the tsunami . It's like throwing a stone in a pond, there will be waves. When 127 atomic bombs are thrown, there will be more than tsunami waves of more than several meters.
tsunami formation diagram
311 tsunami caused by the Japanese earthquake
311 tsunami caused by the Japanese earthquake
tsunami destructive power
tsunami destructive power
After the earthquake occurred, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) issued a tsunami warning to Mexico, Guatemala , El Salvador and Honduras. The U.S. Pacific Tsunami Warning Center said that huge waves up to 3 meters may appear within 1,000 kilometers of the epicenter.
. Mexico currently has a total of 185,122 confirmed cases of COVID-19, with 22,584 deaths. Yesterday, 4,577 new confirmed cases and 759 new deaths. The earthquake this time has really made it worse for Mexico.
Mexico epidemic
summary
Mexico is located in the Pacific Rim seismic zone and is a country with frequent earthquakes. The energy of this earthquake is equivalent to 127 atomic bombs and will also cause a tsunami.
2020 second half of the year, Earth, please be nice to us humans.
I am @shan Zhongyan , pay attention to things on the earth
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