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, known as the North Gate of Dongguan, was established in the early Northern Song Dynasty and has a history of thousands of years. After thousands of years, Zhongtang has developed from a small village by the river to an important town in Lingnan water town.
Only by remembering the way you come will you achieve the end.
Ancient buildings represented by Li Family Ancestral Hall and ancient scenery represented by juhua and misty rain all witness the glorious past of the middle hall. Born and raised here, the hardworking people in the middle hall also did their best to create the future in the torrent of history.
In the fertile land of Zhongtang, the hardworking and intelligent Zhongtang people have created foods such as Chajiao Fish Bag , Sanyong Clam Rice, and even sing Cantonese Opera and row Dragon Boat , allowing the two brands of Cantonese Opera and Dragon Boat to run side by side on the Zhongtang land.
Don’t forget your original aspiration and keep your mission in mind. At present, it is a prosperous era. Under the guidance of the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Zhongtang Town Committee and the Town Government are pioneering and innovative and striving for the first place.
"A ancestral hall is a book about clan history." Due to the large span of construction, repair and reconstruction, Dongguan Zhongtang Town villages have preserved a large number of architectural components with distinct historical characteristics. The most representative one is the Li Family Ancestral Hall in Huangyong Village . It has a history of more than 840 years since the Southern Song Dynasty. It is known for its long history, unique layout and rich connotation. It is a representative of Dongguan Ancestral Hall architecture and even Lingnan Ancestral Hall culture.
The ancestral hall has head, hands and feet. It looks like a "turtle" swimming in the water. In July and August of each year, it is the season of longan harvest. The longan trees in front of each household in Huangyong Village are either planted by themselves or wild. The branches and leaves of each tree are quite green and lush. Bunches of golden longan fruits have made the branches bent over, and the fruits are abundant, just like descendants of Huangyong Village and children and grandchildren.
Li Shengzai is the 27th generation descendant of the Li family in Huangyong Village. He is in his 80s and is a retired Chinese teacher. Because he has a special obsession with the Li family ancestral hall in his village, he is now the "guardian" and "heir" of the Li family ancestral hall. In 2005, the village cadres invited him to work in the village committee, mainly responsible for the examination and sorting of information about the Li Family Ancestral Hall. Now they are working in a wing room on the right side of the Li Family Ancestral Hall.
It is understood that this wing room was not used for office use in the past. It was used as a horse house. When a master or a clan member came here to worship his ancestors, he tied a horse or rested. It was also used as a school. Many middle-aged people took classes there when they were young. "At that time, we would switch to the opposite classroom to attend classes when we learned a certain level." Li Shengzai talked endlessly about the Li Family Ancestral Hall.
Huangyong Village, where the Li Family Ancestral Hall is located, is a typical ancient village in Lingnan water town. It has a long history and has many ancient buildings. Among them, the Li Family Ancestral Hall is the most outstanding representative, with a long history, unique layout and rich connotation. It is a "weird" in the culture of the ancestral hall in Dongguan and even Lingnan.
The Li Family Ancestral Hall is quite majestic, mainly manifested in two aspects: on the one hand, it covers a large area, the entire temple covers an area of 4878.28 square meters (7.3 mu), of which the main building is 1886.74 square meters (2.8 mu), and the Yinhou Garden has an area of 2991.54 square meters (4.49 mu).
On the other hand, the architectural form has exquisite value. It is understood that the landform and architecture of the Li Family Ancestral Hall are shaped from a turtle and are built on a turtle-shaped land surrounded by water, with heads and hands and feet. Behind the temple is a pond, like a turtle crawling from the pond, stretching its head toward the Huangshui River to drink water. Not only that, the overall outline of the building is also similar to the word "兀". Li's ancestral hall faces north and south. The main axis building is divided into three directions, including the first direction, the second direction and the backward direction. The three directions are tall and wide, all of which are pottery dragon boat ridges.
The first entry is the gate of the ancestral hall, the second entry is also called the central hall, and the third entry is the sacrificial hall, which mainly worships the ancestors of the first and second generations of the Li family. The three advances are roughly located on the same central axis, and there is a slight deviation. The first advance is 15 degrees north to the south to the west; the middle advance is 17 degrees south to the west; the backward advance is 16 degrees to the south to the west, to show the spirit of the "spiritual turtle" and is lively and lively. What’s even more interesting is that in order to prevent the “turtle” from crawling on the Huangshui River on the left side in front of the door, the villagers built a stone bridge.This ulterior motive design just reflects the deeply rooted clan concept of Huangyong people. From the ancestral hall that is particularly particular in all aspects, it can be seen that the Li family in Huangyong Village is not only a clan with prominent financial power, but also a clan with many talents, which can be said to be a glorious family.
"Deben" ancestral hall culture teaches future generations
Every year, the Li family ancestral hall is full of incense, and the descendants of the Li family come to worship their ancestors. "The existence of the ancestral hall not only allows future generations to learn to respect their ancestors, but also establishes a belief in the hearts of each descendant, so that everyone can live in harmony." Li Shengzai said that the reason why the Li Family Ancestral Hall can become a representative of the Lingnan Ancestral Hall culture is not only because it has inquiry significance in architecture, but more in the humanities.
Li Shengzai said that the ancestral hall has a certain degree of cohesion. Coming to the ancestral hall to worship ancestors is nothing more than two manifestations: one is respecting ancestors and the other is praying for blessings. Li Xujun, a villager living near the ancestral hall, said, "My two children now graduated from undergraduate studies, one works in a bank and the other works as an accountant in a paper mill." He was even more proud when talking about the local customs. "There are no quarrels everywhere, and locals will not cheat, because everyone belongs to the same ancestral temple and meets during the Chinese New Year and holidays. They think we are a family, so everyone is very tolerant and caring for each other."
Entering the ancestral temple, there is a plaque of "Deben" hanging on the head of the ancestral temple. This plaque is related to the origin of the ancestral temple. Here we will tell a story. According to legend, in the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a filial son named Li Su of Huangyong, who was the founding ancestor of the Li family of Huangyong. That year, Li Su's mother suffered from a serious disease. After diagnosis and treatment, the doctor said that human flesh and medicine should be used to cure the disease. The filial son cut a piece of meat and medicine on his left leg for his mother to take. Sure enough, my mother's illness was cured. This incident moved the villagers and everyone boasted about him. Later, it was heard by the county magistrate. The county magistrate thought that his filial piety was commendable, so he reported it to the emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty. The emperor issued an imperial edict to give him the door of the house "Xiaoyi", and the place where he lived was given the "Deben" yard. Although the original "Deben" workshop has been demolished, the tradition of "loyalty and filial piety passed down from generation to generation, and etiquette and patriarchal tribe" that has been passed down from generation to generation is still deeply imprinted in the hearts of the villagers and has been circulated.
"Loyalty and Filial Piety" can be seen everywhere in the ancestral hall. In the patio between the first and second, there is an gray carving for decoration on the wall. The content depicts the story of Yang Xiang chasing the tiger to save her father and Yue Fei and serving the country with loyalty. The gray carvings are bright in color and lifelike. In the second entrance, there is a plaque of "Zhongxiaotang", which is a golden plaque written by Chen Zizhuang, the Minister of Rites in the Ming Dynasty. Generation after generation, the meaning of loyalty and filial piety has been passed down through the ages, educating the descendants of all generations.
Huangyong Village attaches great importance to education. Historically, Xishi Academy was built in the village, and it has trained 8 Jinshi, 436 Juren, and nearly 300 tribute students. There are more than 650 scholars and above, and more than 100 officials have gone out to serve as officials. Among them, the most significant political achievements are Li Guang during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, and he was appointed as the Left Minister of Justice of the Ministry of Justice.
In modern times, the most famous one was Li Panliang during the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty. In 1836, he was the censor of Huguang Road and witnessed the accumulated problems. He submitted three memorials to strictly prohibit opium, even two years earlier than Lin Zexu's request for banning smoking. Therefore, Li Panliang has the reputation of being a "pioneer of smoking".
The ancestral hall has become an exhibition hall to allow ancestral hall culture to radiate more people
From the construction of the Southern Song Dynasty to the present, the Li Family Ancestral Hall has a history of 840 years and has been witnessing the changes of the times. It will inevitably suffer damage during the wind and rain. Over the years, it has undergone 7 renovations and expansions. The most recent one was completed at the end of 2004, and what we see now is the appearance of the latest renovation.
"I applied for repairs in 2003. The cost was raised by the whole village, and everyone was very active." Li Shengzai said that repairing the ancestral hall is the business of the whole village. Everyone is like a family, and they have money and work hard.
Between 2006 and 2007, a back garden was added behind the original ancestral hall, which locals call "Yinhou Garden". This place is mainly composed of a long corridor, which carved famous poems from ancient and modern times in China, such as "The Memorial of the Departure", "Yueyang Tower Notes", "Qinyuan Chun Changsha"... The moral emotions of loyalty, filial piety and kindness expressed in it are used as the ancestral teachings of Huangyong Village. Every winter and summer vacations, Huangyong Primary School will organize students to come here to read aloud.
"Although the villagers come here to worship their ancestors regardless of big or small matters, there are some historical and cultural things that children nowadays don't know about. I want to maximize the role of the ancestral hall." In 2009, Li Shengzai led the village committee to edit and complete the "Huangyong Village Chronicle", and sequenced the information, documents and stories related to the ancestral hall, and displayed them in the ancestral hall in the form of pictures and texts.
"Now, in addition to being an ancestral hall, it is also an exhibition hall. To be precise, it is a historical and cultural exhibition hall, so that more people can know the ancestral hall culture and spirit of the Li Family Ancestral Hall, as well as the history of Huangyong Village."
Coordination: Yang Jingyu
Text: Yang Jingyu He Yonghua
Huang Xinying Liu Genghua
Picture: Liu Mei
Platemaking: Huang Qionghong Zhang Ling Lin Hua
Picture: Liu Mei
Platemaking: Huang Qionghong Zhang Ling Lin Hua
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