At the opening ceremony of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, 29 footprints composed of fireworks were on the central axis of Beijing, and they accurately entered the bird's nest in two seconds from 15 kilometers away, symbolizing the 29th Olympic Games going to China and Beijing.
The fireworks blooming over Beijing once again attracted the attention of the people of the whole country. It is the National Day fireworks preview event for the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China. From last night to early morning this year, the night sky in Beijing was illuminated by grand and gorgeous fireworks. What a beautiful one, how a perfect other.
Weibo Netizen comments, during the day, I was moved by a sentence: "This prosperous era is as you wish." At night, I was excited all night because of "fireworks blooming and beautiful nights".
Time flies, and the years pass by. Looking back on the 70 years of New China, we have witnessed the rise of a great power, felt the changes in life, and also saw that New China films draw the courage and strength of seventy years of struggle, forge ahead, and write a new and colorful chapter.
"Seventeen Years Movie" open-air movies, beautiful memories
In 2018, 1,082 films of various types were produced throughout the year, but at the beginning of the founding of New China, the average annual volume was about 70, but there were also many meaningful works. "Bridge", "White-Haired Girl", " My Lifetime ", " Sino-Japanese Wu Fengyun ", "Early Spring February", " Stage Sisters ", "Sanmao Wandering" and other films are all representative works in the initial stage of the film in New China.
The industry calls the movies of this period "seventeen years of films", specifically referring to the mainland movies from the period after the founding of New China in 1949 to the "cultural revolution" in 1966. During this period, a total of 1,213 films were released in my country, including more than 600 feature films.
Director Xie Jin
Representative directors of this period include Xie Jin, Xie Tieli , Lingzifeng , Cui Wei, Chengyin , Shuihua , Guo Wei, Lu Ren , Wang Yan , etc. They are almost starting from scratch, moving forward and constantly surpassing.
In terms of content, these films establish the service objects, narrative structure, historical perspective and aesthetic paradigm of "people's film", and have a clear socialist spirit of the times, focusing on the expression of workers, peasants and soldiers, rural figures, and revolutionary historical figures.
The protagonist of the first feature film "Bridge" released in New China is the railway workers. The film was filmed by a film studio and is the first film with the working class as the protagonist; the first film reflecting the policies of intellectuals of the ruling party; and the first "anti-modern modernity film".
One of the most representative works of rural themes is " Li Shuangshuang " directed by Lu Ren. In the film, Li Shuangshuang is a rural woman in the new era. Her cultural level is very limited, but she firmly believes that "women can stand half the sky". She can do what men can do, and she actively joins the front line of production. In the end, she unites a group of like-minded sisters to drive into the canal construction site and achieve outstanding results.
revolutionary historical films have to be mentioned " Chinese Daughter ". The biggest feature of the film is documentary/record shooting, and is filmed in the original forest. It tells the story of the fall of the Northeast after the September 18th Incident, and female anti-Japanese warriors such as Leng Yun and Hu Xiuzhi gave their precious lives to resist the invaders.
"The Daughter of China" is the first anti-Japanese film filmed after the founding of New China, and it is also the first internationally award-winning film. In 1950, he won the "Freedom Struggle Award" of the 5th Karlovi Vari International Film Festival in Czechoslovakia.
In addition, animation movies have also added a lot of color to this period. With the attention and promotion of the government's cultural authorities, excellent films such as "The Flowers of the Motherland", " Chicken Feather Letter ", "Little Bell", "The Tadpole Looking for Mother", " Fighting in the Heavenly Palace " have appeared. Among them, the lottery "The Great Fighting in the Heavenly Palace" directed by Wan Laiming and Tang Cheng in 1961 won several international awards in 20 years and was highly welcomed and praised by domestic and foreign audiences.
Whether it is subject innovation, artistic expression and shooting techniques, the films of this period are a unique landscape in the history of Chinese film. In the academic world, "Seventeen Years" films have always been a hot topic, and a large number of works, doctoral thesis, and scientific research projects are all used as the research object.
For many viewers born in the 1980s and 1990s who were born in rural areas, the movies of this time are also a precious memory that they cannot erase.
"Sanmao Wandering", "Red Detachment of Women", "Railway Guerrillas", "Liu Sanjie", "Heroic Sons and Daughters", "Lin Zexu", "Little Soldier Zhang Ga" and other films were all popular open-air movies in the village back then. When I was a child, I liked the most, the movie projectionist. The thing I most looked forward to was on a small stool and took a good place to watch an open-air movie with my best friends.
"New Era of Chinese Film" The heyday of the fifth generation of directors
1966-1976 was the most difficult period in China's film industry. After smashing the Gang of Four, the production of the film industry began to fully recover. Stimulated by a large number of excellent works, the audience's demand for viewing has increased rapidly. According to statistics, in 1979, an unprecedented record of 28 movies being watched by the whole nation and 29.3 billion viewers nationwide. The average annual output from 1980 to 1984 was about 120 units, with an average annual audience of about 25 billion.
1978 was an important turning point in the history of Chinese film. In the early days of reform and opening up, directors from different generations successively made sensational movies such as "Love in Mount Lu", "Old Things in the South of the City", "Legend of Tianyun Mountain", "Night Rain in Bashan", and "Shaolin Temple".
"Lushan Love"
1980, "Lushan Love" directed by Huang Zumo completed the "first kiss" in Chinese film history on the screen. The heroine Zhang Yu was elected as the "double best actress" at the first Golden Rooster Awards and the Hundred Flowers Awards of the same year for this film; in 1982, "Shaolin Temple" starring Jet Li created a box office myth of 160 million yuan with a ticket price of one person and one cent.
In May 1983, Guangxi Film Studio held a conference and approved the establishment of the first "youth film crew" in the country, with four fresh graduates, Zhang Junzhao, Zhang Yimou, , Xiao Feng, and He Qun as the main body, and issued a production order to put into production of "One and Eight" .
This movie is called the pioneering work of the fifth generation of Chinese directors, and the most brilliant generation of Chinese films kicked off. Representative figures include Zhang Yimou, Chen Kaige , Tian Zhuangzhuang , Huo Jianqi , Gu Changwei , Wu Ziniu , Huang Jianxin , Li Shaohong, Feng Xiaoning , etc.
1985, "Loess Land" directed by Chen Kaige and photographed by Zhang Yimou, innovated the narrative language of Chinese films and marked the true rise of the fifth generation of directors; in 1988, " Red Sorghum " directed by Zhang Yimou won the Best Film (the predecessor of the Berlin International Film Festival) and became the first work in Chinese film history to win the highest award among the three major international film festivals in the world.
Why is it said that the works of the fifth generation director represent a dazzling moment in the history of New China’s film? In addition to winning double harvests in film art and market in China, it has also been highly recognized by the international film industry.
"The City of Sadness" directed by Hou Hsiao-hyun ( Golden Lion Award , 1989), "Autumn Ju in the Lawsuit" directed by Zhang Yimou (Golden Lion Award 1992), "Farewell My Concubine" directed by Chen Kaige (Golden Palme d'Or, 1993), "Hidden My Soul Girl " directed by Xie Fei (Golden Bear Award 1993), and "Happy Banquet" directed by "Golden Bear Award 1993), and other films have won the highest awards at three major international film festivals.
In addition, "Ju Dou", "Hanging high with red lanterns in ", "Farewell My Concubine", "Wedding Banquet" and " Diet Men and Women ") were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film during this period.
As for actors, Maggie Cheung won the Best Actress in the Berlin International Film Festival with "Ruan Lingyu", becoming the first best actor in the world's three international film festivals in Chinese film history, Gong Li won the Best Actress in Venice International Film Festival with "Autumn Ju Fighting" in one fell swoop, Ge You won the Best Actress in Cannes International Film Festival with "Living", Xia Yu won the Best Actress in the Venice International Film Festival with " Sunny Days ", becoming the Youngest Venice Award in history, and Xiao Fangfang won the Best Actress in the Berlin International Film Festival with "Woman Forty".
It can be said that the international influence caused by the fifth generation of directors has leapfrogged the international status of Chinese films.
At the commercial level, the Chinese film market at that time also reached a small peak. Films such as "Sunny Days", "Handling with " and "No One Can Be Left" had good box office performances at the time. Among them, the New Year comedy "Seeking Away" directed by Feng Xiaogang won the annual box office championship in 1999 with a score of 43 million.
Since 1994, 10 Hollywood and Hong Kong "blockbusters" have entered mainland theaters in the form of split accounts every year. In 1995, "The True Lies" starring Schwarzenegger , "The True Lies" starring Jackie Chan , "The Simple Task " starring Jackie Chan , "Jurassic Park 2" directed by Spielberg , and "Titanic" directed by Cameron in 1998. These films have won the annual box office championship in mainland China.
The story of a strong country in movies and a big country in movies is still being written
Entering the new millennium, " Hero " directed by Zhang Yimou officially kicked off the curtain of Chinese commercial blockbusters. This epoch-making movie received a total of US$177 million (about RMB 1.4 billion) in the global box office, of which the box office in the mainland reached 250 million yuan, becoming the first domestic film to have a box office of over 100 million yuan at that time.
After the success of "Hero", themes such as costume history, martial arts action, fantasy mythology began to appear in large numbers. "Kung Fu", " Ambushing on Ten Sides ", "The Unrest", "Myth", "Seven Swords", " All over the city, ", "Night Banquet", "The Letter of the Fame", "Painted Skin", "Dragon Gate Flying Armor"... These movies have good reputations and bad reputations, but they are all firmly at the forefront of domestic box office.
Under the influence of these movies, the ceiling of the Chinese film market is gradually pushing up. In 2006, my country's annual box office was only 2.62 billion yuan. By 2018, the annual box office had exceeded 60 billion yuan, becoming the second largest market in the world. Behind the soaring data of
, in addition to the joint efforts of several generations of filmmakers, it also has a policy role.
Starting from 2003, Chinese films have fully entered the industrialization period. Policy measures such as the "Interim Provisions on the Access to Qualifications for Film Production, Distribution, and Screening Operations" have been introduced to encourage and support non-public capital to enter the film industry, allow private companies to independently produce and publish movies, and allow private enterprises to build cinemas. In terms of the quantity of
, it turned out that dozens of movies were filmed every year, and by 2018, 1,082 feature films were produced, and thousands of investment entities were involved in the filming of the film. In terms of theater construction, at the end of 2018, my country's number of screens reached 60,079, ranking first in the world.
Of course, the achievements made by New China's films in the past 70 years are not only reflected in the data, but also hidden in high-quality works. Especially since 2017, films such as " Wolf Warrior 2", " I Am Not a God of Medicine ", " Red Sea Action ", " Wandering Earth ", " Nezha ", etc., which have created box office miracles, are all constantly exploring in genre innovation and theme expansion, and they all speak with hard power.
Looking back on the 70 years of struggle, Chinese films have achieved a leapfrog development from nothing to something and from weak to strong. Director Xie Fei, who has been filming for most of his life, once said that over the past 70 years, Chinese films have made great achievements in both art and business. Only by constantly improving and overcoming difficulties in China's films can it become the second largest market for world films today.
The story of Chinese films becoming a film power and a film power is still being written.
Reference Douban Movie, Doris-peach, "70 Years of New China Movie" China Film News, Zheng Zhongdi, "The most comprehensive review: a brief history of film creation in 70 Years of New China"
Organized / Hunan Pig Blood Meatballs
Editor / Ruqian
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