Why did Xinjiang Airlines have not had a first-level air crash? After reading this article, there may be an answer:
China Civil Aviation Flying Red Five-Star Sign. Below is the "China Civil Aviation" written by Premier Zhou Enlai
July 11, 1988, a China Xinjiang Airlines (1984 China Civil Aviation Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Administrative Region The TU-154M passenger aircraft (civil aviation registration number B-2603 was purchased in 1986. The incident occurred at 2 years and is a new aircraft. The second Tu-154 passenger aircraft of Xinjiang Airlines) is carrying out a flight mission from Urumqi Diwobao International Airport to Guangzhou Baiyun Airport (old) to Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport. The aircraft carried 162 passengers (including foreign passengers), 5 crew members and 6 crew members.
China Xinjiang Airlines' "Swan Haoyue" logo. Our factory manager, who was born in the art design, believes that the classic level of this logo is in the junction of various civil aviation aviation airlines in China. When the aircraft entered the junction of Hubei, Anhui and Jiangxi, the crew was forced to deviate from the established route and fly around and avoid (no one thinks about the taste of being struck by lightning, and he cannot make a joke about the lives of 173 people in one plane). However, an accident occurred: after evading the thunderstorm area, the crew could not find the correct route. Trek!
The navigation equipment on the plane was also ineffective. The pilot could not find the reference object as coordinates because of poor visibility. The crew had to fly the plane and circle the air, hoping to find the route when the weather improved and the visibility improved (in the era when the GPS positioning system had not yet entered China, this was the standard handling procedure for the crew after the aircraft was trek).
But God didn't help, and the weather didn't improve. The fuel volume alarm light began to sound, and the fuel was almost out of reach. The crew immediately asked for help from the ground and asked to guide the plane to the nearest airport. However, at that time, China's civil aviation's ground command capabilities were very limited, and the backward radar system could not see the plane's location under severe weather conditions, and there was no way to talk about guidance.
The crew that cannot be guided on the ground can only save themselves. They risked driving the passenger plane down the altitude and passed through the clouds, and risked to hit the mountain to find landmarks (the border area of Hubei, Anhui and Jiangxi is a mountainous area). If they are not careful, the plane will easily be destroyed and killed, but if they continue to circulate, they will be dead. The crew of the Air Force who has been transferred from the Air Force can only fight for their own technology and make every effort to make every effort.
Figure 154 passenger aircraft cockpit uses a 5-person unit
. After flying through the clouds, the visibility is significantly improved. At this time, the ground radar also discovered the exact direction of the aircraft and gave the crew the order to Nanchang Airport . However, the fuel alarm was already (the whole line was red), and the remaining fuel was not enough to allow the aircraft to fly to Nanchang. Just as the situation became more and more desperate, the sharp-eyed navigator accidentally discovered a simple airport (the former "Shilibao Airport" of the Air Force was abandoned in 1972. The runway is 1,250 meters long and 50 meters wide. It has a sand and gravel structure and poor clearance conditions. The southern end of the runway is Lushan, with undulating peaks and Jiujiang City, with factories and residential buildings. The water tower and high-voltage line are erected on the runway extension line. The south side of the airport is rice terraced fields and vegetable fields are on the north side. The terrain is complex and can only take off and land. It was originally built for take-off and landing fighter jets, and it is not suitable for medium-sized high-speed jet passenger aircraft like Figure 154). Considering that the amount of oil to fly to Nanchang is insufficient, maybe it was planted halfway. Therefore, the captain made a quick decision: this simple airport under the nose of the forced landing will definitely not fly to Nanchang without obeying the ground instructions.
The second view of the emergency landing of the factory manager at that time, the painted B2603 machine at that time, is still the painted Chinese civil aviation
The front details of the starboard front of the factory manager
The emergency landing of the factory manager at that time, the starboard side of the B2603 machine at that time, the starboard side of the factory manager
The emergency landing of the factory manager at that time, the starboard side of the B2603 machine at that time, the starboard side of the factory manager
The emergency landing of the factory manager at that time, the starboard side of the B2603 machine at that time, the starboard side of the factory manager
The emergency landing of the factory manager Details
0 The factory director’s emergency landing was drawn by the factory manager. Details on the middle of the port side of the B2603 machine were
"Brothers, everyone took turns to look at that small airport, rely on it, and whoever sees it will throw it down!"
"A life-saving straw that I was catching for a long time, saying that I can’t throw it away, and I don’t have this store when I pass this village.Press the rod, down! "
An emergency landing without ground guidance, no auxiliary landing system, and no local airport meteorological (wind speed and wind direction) information began.
After ordering the crew to guide all passengers to tighten their seat belts and take their positions to ensure self-protection, the crew drove B-2603 to enter the field from the north of the airport (the terrain on the south side of the airport is relatively slow, although it is conducive to entry, but due to the steep terrain on the north side of the airport, the runway distance is not allowed to resume flights, and there are water towers and high-voltage wires at the end of the runway. Once the brake fails, the plane will be destroyed and killed). It is grounded normally at 270 meters north end of the runway, and rushed out of the runway 127 meters south (Figure 1 The shortest landing distance of 54 is 1300 meters. It is designed to take off and land on the soil runway. After rushing through an open ditch with a depth of 0.35 meters/width of 0.4 meters, it rushed through a dirt with a diameter of 0.7 meters/depth of 0.5 meters, and finally stopped. The front wheel stopped left at 37 degrees in the third rice field. The main wheel rushed through two ridges and rode on the third ridge, and fell into the mud for about 0.7 meters. The plane finally "lived" in the field. All 173 people in the aircraft were safe and sound. Under the organization of the crew and the crew, passengers evacuated from the emergency escape door of the wing in an orderly manner.
forced a landing at B at Shilibao Airport -2603 aircraft, at this time, the aircraft was still civil aviation painted
At that time, CCTV happened to have a news documentary film taken at Jiujiang Ship School. The photographer keenly grasped this historical moment, recorded the process of the emergency landing throughout the process and broadcast it on CCTV News the next day.
On the night of July 11, Ren Jide, deputy director of the Civil Aviation Urumqi Administration, led a working group to the Jiujiang site. The working group arrived at 2 a.m. on the 13th, met with the Civil Aviation Airworthiness Airline and other units that arrived in advance, and conducted an investigation on the emergency landing site. At that time, the Soviet personnel were also invited to the site to conduct joint investigation. After the survey was completed, the Sino-Soviet Republic of China and the Soviet Union were also invited to the site to conduct a joint investigation. The expert groups of both sides had a fierce tit-for-tat dispute over how to deal with the B-2603 aircraft. First of all, the Soviet side believed that based on the preliminary on-site investigation, the key parts such as the fuselage/engine/landing gear/control system have been damaged. It is necessary to insist on dismantling the aircraft on-site and transport it back to the Soviet Union, or to detect and determine the damage overhaul of the aircraft, of course, the possibility of scrapping the entire aircraft is not ruled out, and the attitude is extremely firm.
, while the Chinese side insisted that the aircraft cannot be decomposed. On-site inspection and simple repair and simple repair, it is used to calculate the load-reduction performance for airworthiness evaluation. I personally believe that the scientific attitude is fearless and spirit of maintaining dignity and reducing losses is second. The key is that once it is dismantled and entered the factory, it will be difficult to escape the bad luck of scrapping! And The aircraft was grounded normally during the emergency landing, and there was no heavy landing, and there was no structural damage to the fuselage and wings. The main problem was the landing device, the secondary repairable parts such as the first-level working blades of the low-pressure compressor of the No. 1 and No. 3 engines have fully recovered on-site repair.
htmlOn July 15, the No. 2603 aircraft, which had been initially inspected, successfully slid to the apron of Shilibao Airport by relying on its own power, and the fire truck immediately flushed it clean; on the 16th, the aircraft inspection and power-on test began. On the 17th, 18th, the aircraft took off and landing system and axle inspection were dismantled and inspected. On the 19th, the engine was tested and oil sealed. On the 20th, the restoration of the aircraft was fully launched.On July 22, Hu Yizhou, who was then the director of the Civil Aviation Administration of China, gave instructions: "Actively repair the plane, fly to the Air Force Mahuiling Airport first, and then return to Urumqi."
htmlOn July 28, all repair work was completed. In order to reduce weight, so that the aircraft can take off on the runway of Shilibao Airport, which is only 1,250 meters long, all unnecessary flight-related ancillary facilities on the aircraft (such as cabin seats, etc.) have been removed.However, The expert group sent by the Soviet Tupolev Design Bureau refused to sign the aircraft's maintenance report: "We only think that the front landing gear is good, and whoever thinks other parts are good is a fool, so we cannot express our opinion."
In response to this, the chief engineer of Xinjiang Airlines present said: "I think that the 2603 can take off, and I am willing to bear all the consequences and be responsible, because we are based on scientific judgment."
htmlOn September 8, a newly repaired B-2603 aircraft was prepared for takeoff and transition under the pilot of the crew led by Xinjiang Airlines Flight Brigade Wang Xiangchun (a junior college education, meritorious pilot, born in May 1941, graduated from the 14th Air Force Aviation School in 60 years, engaged in general aviation and commercial transportation flight for 40 years, and flew through the Y-5, An-24, Tu-154m, Il-86 and other models. It won the "Three, Second, First Class and Special Safety Flight Medal" and won the Gold Medal of Safe Flight in 1996, being the "First Captain" of Xinjiang Airlines). Soviet experts did not come on that day because they were unwilling to witness the destruction of the good wishes of Chinese colleagues and the tragic situation of the destruction of the plane and the death of people.Captain Wang Xiangchun, who won the Gold Medal for Safe Flight in 1996,
In order to prevent the worst situation from happening, Shilibao Airport, which was abandoned for many years and "birds do not shit", was very lively. Fire trucks, ambulances, wreck trucks, cranes, excavators and other vehicles and engineering rescue machinery that responded to special circumstances were neatly parked in the prescribed location. After carefully checking the plane, the crew checked the plane carefully and confirmed that it was normal, they boarded the plane under the watch of thousands of people present.
9:46, the crew reported: "2603 is ready and requests takeoff." tower replied: "There is a little windy, please wait";
9:49, the crew requested takeoff again, the tower replied: "Please wait...";
9:51, the crew requested takeoff for the third time, the tower replied: "2603 can takeoff, the wind direction is uncertain, 1 meter/second to 2 meters/second, the temperature is 27 degrees Celsius."
finally got the takeoff permission. The crew immediately increased the power of the three engines to the maximum, loosened the brakes, and the plane "rather" on the uneven soil to the runway for 740 meters, then successfully lifted the V1 wheel and left the ground and took off smoothly.
At this time, an exciting broadcast was heard on the tower: "2603, at 9:52, the takeoff was successful, and I would like to congratulate all the staff." At 10:02 minutes later, the B-2603 plane successfully landed at the Air Force Mahuiling Airport.
Two types of Xinjiang aviation-coated aircraft No. 2603 drawn by the factory director
were taken off for two days. At 13:05 on September 10, the B-2603 aircraft successfully took off from Mahuiling Airport and flew directly to Urumqi. At 18:33 pm that day, it was safely landed at Urumqi Diwobao International Airport. At this time, two full months had passed since the B-2603 left Diwobao Airport on July 11.
Xinjiang Airlines' early painted aircraft No.
B-2603 was finally retired in March 2001 and sold to Azerbaijan Improtex Imair Airlines in June of the same year, with the registration number changed to 4K-AZ17. In 2009, the aircraft was parked with the company's bankruptcy.
Xinjiang Airlines B-2603 on the eve of retreating camp Figure 154
Performance data (Figure 154M)
Crew: 5 crew + 180 crew (maximum)
Length: 47.9 meters
Wingspan: 37.55 meters
Height: 11.4 meters
Empty weight: 55300 kg
Maximum takeoff weight: 100,000 kg
Maximum commercial load: 18,000 kg
Engine: Three Soloviev D-30KU turbofan engines, a single thrust of 104 kiloN.
Economic cruise flight speed: 900 km per hour
Practical ceiling: 11900 m
Maximum range: 6600 km
Load range: 3900 km
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