1, special attention | Three articles in Nature revealed that spliceosomal component mutations promote cancer
Source: BioArt
Corrected the splicing of BRD9 in SF3B1 mutated cells significantly reduced tumor growth rate
On October 10, three back-to-back articles in Nature reported splicing factor mutations in cancer. The titles of these three articles are (1) Spliceosomal disruption of the non-canonical BAF complex in cancer (2) The U1 spliceosomal RNA is recurrently mutated in multiple cancers (3) Highly recurrent non-coding U1-snRNA mutations drive cryptic splicing in Shh medulloblastom, revealing the mechanism by which the U2 component SF3B1 mutation promotes cancer, as well as mutations in non-coding U1-snRNAs were detected in various cancers such as medulloblastoma, pancreatic cancer, CLL, HCC, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
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Recently, Zhang Cheng's research group in the Department of Computer Science and Technology of Peking University has made important progress in the research on reconstructible DNA circuits and published a research paper titled "Nicking-Assisted Reactant Recycle to Implement Entropy-Driven DNA Circuit" online in the Journal of the American Chemical Society. Inspired by biological gene regulation, this study designed a dual catalytic mechanism of DNA cleavage enzyme catalysis and entropy-driven DNA strand replacement, and built a self-regulated reconstructible DNA circuit for the first time. The study also constructed a multi-input double-layer reconstructible DNA circuit to demonstrate its scalability. The establishment of this method has laid the foundation for the development of new biological computing and gene editing technologies and provided new ideas.
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3, scientists have developed human brain organoids with blood vessels
Source: Science Network
In-Hyun Park team of Yale University School of Medicine in the United States has developed human brain organoids with functional vascular-like systems. On October 7, 2019, Nature-Methodology published this result online.
researchers engineered human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) to ectopically express human ETS variant 2 (ETV2). Cells expressing ETV2 in human cortical organoids (hCO) help to form a complex vascular-like network in hCO. The researchers found that vascularized hCO (vhCO) acquired several blood-brain barrier features, including increased expression of tight junction proteins, nutrient transporters, and transendothelial resistance. Finally, ETV2-induced endothelial formation supports in vivo perfusion blood vessel formation. These vhCOs form vascular-like structures similar to the vascular system in the early prenatal brain, and they provide a powerful model for studying brain disease in vitro.
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Scientists have developed human brain organoids with blood vessels | "Xiao Ke" paper express
4, itchy! midbrain vlPAG regulates itchy sentiment and its related negative emotions
Source: Heyuan Shanghai
On September 25, the journal Nature Communications published the latest important work of the Robert W. Gereau research group at the University of Washington School of Medicine. They found that vlPAG glutamategic neurons promote itchy sentiment, and vlPAG GABAergic neurons inhibit itchy sentiment and itchy related negative emotions. This study revealed the neural circuit mechanism of the midbrain downward regulating itchy sense, which greatly improved people's cognition in the field of itchy sense.
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【Nat. Commun.】I feel itchy! Midbrain vlPAG regulates itchy feeling and its related negative emotions
5, reversing memory! Alzheimer's disease innovative therapy, this "hat" allows patients to "retrieve themselves"
Source: New Medical Perspective
No drugs that can cure Alzheimer's disease have been found yet. But the results of an innovative clinical trial of therapies published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease may bring new hope. Studies show that patients with Alzheimer's disease can significantly reverse cognitive levels by using a wearable head device and undergoing brain electromagnetic wave treatment at home for only two months.
This study was jointly completed by a team of NeuroEM Therapeutics, an innovative medical device company dedicated to the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, and research institutions such as the University of South Florida.
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6, JAMA Psychiatry: Brain imaging machine learning predicts social functions in patients with mental illness
Source: Siying Technology
In the first study, the researchers tested the geographical universality of functional, neuroanatomical and combinatorial machine learning models (i.e. clinical multicenter) to predict the 1-year social and role functions of ROD patients recruited in 5 European countries. This study will evaluate the cross-diagnostic metastasis of models in the field of diagnostic and psychometric outcomes and their association with prognosticity, compare them with prognostic assessments provided by clinical evaluators, and explore sequential prognostic algorithms that combine clinical and imaging-based models.
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7, oral anticoagulants may delay Alzheimer's disease (old medicine is new)
Source: Alzheimer's disease
National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC) Scientists have found possible ways to treat Alzheimer's disease. Researchers collaborated with a research team at Rockefeller University in New York to show that the oral anticoagulant dabigatran treatment can delay the emergence of Alzheimer's disease in mice.
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Oral anticoagulants may delay Alzheimer's disease (new use of old drugs)
8, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma enables immunotherapy New era: Odivo head and neck squamous cell carcinoma indications China is approved
Source: Bioexploration
Days ago, the PD-1 inhibitor Odivo (Navoliyuzumab injection) has been approved by the China National Medical Products Administration to expand the indications, and is suitable for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN) patients who have undergone or after treatment with platinum-containing regimens and have positive tumor PD-L1 expression (≥1% of tumor cells expressing PD-L1).
As China's first immuno-oncology drug, Odivo was first approved in China for medically treated non-small cell lung cancer patients in June 2018. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the second indication approved by Odivo after priority review and approval by the Chinese drug regulatory authorities. With the approval of this project, Odivo became China's first and only PD-1 inhibitor used to treat head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, marking that China's head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treatment has officially entered a new era of immunotherapy.
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