Mengjia Longshan Temple Gods Collection
Taipei Incense Street Buddha World Holy Land
—Cycling Chronicle and Random Thoughts Records (61)
For the archway of Freedom Square, the National Theater and the National Concert Hall, the aftermath of the Chung-Ching Memorial Hall, left the Chung-Ching Memorial Hall, at 15:55, arrived at Gran Avenue in front of the Presidential Palace, stopped to watch, and then rode forward along the Chongqing South Road. After several twists and inquiries, we arrived at Longshan Temple —
Arriving at Longshan Temple is the right side of the mountain gate when we arrived at Longshan Temple. The volcanic stone stele engraved with three big characters Longshan Temple; Longshan Temple is located at No. 211 Guangzhou Street, Taipei City, on the banks of Tamsui River in the southwest of Taipei City. It is the birthplace of Taipei City in the early years. Its oldest street is at the mouth of Daxikou, the former site of Shamao Chufan Club, which is the intersection of today's Guiyang Street and Huanhe River. Its original name is "Mongka" (also known as Wenjia), and now it is
The early development of Taiwan was very difficult, and the environment here was very dangerous, mostly in a smoky place. In the early years, the Han people came to northern Taiwan to cultivate. In order to seek blessings from the gods, most of them carried the incense of their hometown temples as shelter; in order to ensure peace of mind, in the third year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1738), people from Jinjiang, Nan'an and Hui'an donated money to build Longshan Temple in Mengjia. The Longshan Temple in Mengjia was first built on May 18, the third year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (1738 AD), and was completed on February 8, 5th year. The cost of building a temple was donated by the so-called three towns including Jinjiang, Hui'an and Nan'an. Later, traders from Wurong, Quanjiao, invested in the construction of the back hall to worship the queen, , 5 Wenchang and Guandi. This time, I rode the Taiwan Island . As soon as I set foot on this mysterious island, I heard the saying "one government, two ports, three monga" in the heyday of Taiwan's early development. The monga here is the Wanhua today, and its past glory was extremely prosperous. "One government, two ports, three monga" represents the historical status of Taiwan's early development in the development of Taiwan, which was alongside Tainan and Lugang. This statement is of great significance to Taiwan's development history!
During the Qianlong period, Longshan Temple had formed a three-chamber pattern of the front hall, the main hall and the back hall; and he also invited his hometown, Longshan Temple, Anhai Township, Jinjiang County, Fujian Province, to come here to worship. Therefore, Longshan Temple is not only the center of the residents' belief, but also closely related to their lives. All residents' discussions are discussed. , litigation, reconciliation, etc. pray for the gods to make a decision, and they all believe it; during the Sino-French War in the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), the French army invaded Shiqi Ridge, and the residents organized a rebel army, that is, the official office of Longshan Temple seal was used to help repel the French army, and was given the plaque "Cihui Yuanyin" by Emperor Guangxu. Its prestige was officially recognized. Qing Dynasty All official documents stamped with the Longshan Temple seal were of great power. The temple art of Longshan Temple is not only a representative large temple in Taiwan, but also occupies a position in the history of Taipei's development. Because Longshan Temple has always been the polite and core symbol of Mengjia, the management directors and supervisors of the temple are also composed of gentry, and their great influence on the outside is beyond the meaning of worship in religious beliefs.
The archway-style mountain gate is a relatively ordinary four-pillar, three-gate helmet building with a double-eaves of the helmet building. The door pillars are engraved with a couplet written by Sun Ke: "The dragon and elephant are the Buddhist magic power symbolizing cup to save the world and save the world. The mountains and rivers are rich and beautiful, and the customs are pure and the people are deeply impressed with the hearts of sages"; the temple courtyard at the foot of the foot after entering the mountain gate is paved with long strips of granite. These stones are said to be taken from the "ballast stones" used to stabilize the cabin when immigrants crossed the sea to Taiwan. The material is made of Quanzhou granite white stone.Jingxin Waterfall and Dragon Head Fountain are built on both sides - Jingxin Waterfall, completed in 1996, is a "broken eaves and arrows"-style building. It belongs to the roof of the Sanchuan Hall. The central ridge is raised and the two sides are broken, thus highlighting its gorgeousness and fairyland temperament; in the middle, the flowers are tinged and tender branches are dripping green, and the spring water on it is clear and the waterfall is like a curtain. To climb to Buddhism, you must first purify your heart. Only by purifying your mind can you realize the truth by purifying your mind. The body is naturally good! When you enter the mountain gate, the fragrance of osmanthus is swaying, the flowing water enters the ears, and the state of mind calms down - "Humanity has no form, appearance is born from the heart", cleansing the dust and purifying the heart, and a pious heart arises naturally. Wouldn't it be better to worship Buddha and practice Zen?
Longshan Temple faces north and south, with a sun-shaped plane, and consists of three front halls, main halls, rear halls and the left and right wings guarding dragons surrounding the central main hall; if you look at it from the sky above, it will be in the shape of a "return" shape, with a square and solemn layout, and its door wall beams and pillars are extremely exquisitely carved; the front hall is a eleven-bedroom hall, divided into Sanchuan Hall, Longmen Hall, and Tiger Hall. The roof is a single-eaves type of hip-straight mountain, each independent. There are a pair of copper-cast coiled dragon eaves columns in the Sanchuan Hall on both sides of the stone steps of the main entrance. This pair of copper-cast coiled dragon eaves columns are not only the early relics of Longshan Temple, but also the only pair of copper-cast coiled dragon eaves columns in Taiwan; This pair of the only copper-cast dragon pillars in Taiwan have the dragon body facing down, the dragon head twists and holds its head up when it hits the waves at the bottom, and it is full of strength. There are also many "Fengshen List" characters with interesting shapes and vivid expressions on the copper-cast dragon pillars. They are rare masterpieces, and are works by Hong Kunfu and Li Luxing. It is an extremely important cultural relics and artistic treasures.
Compared with the temple with five or seven bays in the front of Longshan Temple, it is obviously a rare magnificent style. There are eleven bays in total, Sanchuan Hall has five bays and three bays in the Dragon and Tiger Hall. The opening refers to the distance between two load-bearing columns or walls; the roof of the dragon and tiger hall on both sides is raised in the center of the rear room, but not disconnected from both sides, which is called the "Sanchuan Ridge" type; the small pavilion in front has four roof slopes on the roof, which is called the "Xieshan" type; the mountain and river ridge decoration is decorated with four ridges in the front. The "two dragons protect the beads" are made with the technique of "cutting and sticking"; the cutting and sticking is made of bones and plaster, and then the brightly colored pottery or glass pieces are cut off, and sticking them to the surface - the content is "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea"; the couplet of the middle gate is written by Kang Youwei : "The dragon boat passes through the confusion and is great compassionate as long as the sentient beings look back, the mountain gate opens its way to the road of enlightenment and enters the ten-stable residence and peace of mind." Not only is the first character embedded in the name of the temple, but its meaning also expresses the characteristics of the Buddhist temple ferryman.
The stable door post component carved from blue dou stone - Drum Stone is carved for the drum breaking dragon. The left is "Crayon Dragon Teaches Children" and the right is "Two Dragons Grab the Pearl", which is also quite educational. Below it is carved a civil servant holding "flag, ball, halberd, and chime" to express his wish of "praying for good luck"; Stone Drum carved "Seeing Joy Now" on the left, and the right is "Fond of the Marquis and Receive the Luck" to let you enter the temple gate and return with a full load. The content of the stone carving window is based on the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and is carved with the openwork method of "inner branches and outside leaves" - the stories of the left window from top to bottom are: the ancient city club, Sun Quan Decisively breaking Cao Cao , Xu Chu naked fighting Ma Chao; the right window contains the story of Liu Bei going to Ganlu Temple.
The stone steps at the entrance are made into a scroll shape that opens outwards. The scroll stone steps contain the meaning of welcoming visitors and are fascinating. Stone sculpture with waist blocking - a narrow stone sculpture under the window, located approximately at the waist, called waist blocking. This is a deep floating method to "pull the ground and protrude", carves out study decorations such as 年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年� Bagua bamboo joint window The window frame is in the shape of Bagua, and the window lattice is made of stone to form bamboo joints, and flowers are attached. The window lattice must be an odd number, representing "yang"; its interval is an even number, representing "yin", representing the harmony of yin and yang. The Bagua represents auspiciousness, the bamboo joints represent peace, and there are four butterflies withered around the window. "Buddha" is homophonic to "Fu" and "Buddha" is homophonic to "Die". The 80-year-old elder is called Die, which means longevity.
The gantry gate is blocked with stones - the wall opposite to the left and right, called the block. Here, the line withered "water grinding and flowers" withered, the lines are concave and concave, but still have a three-dimensional feeling. The chisel must be polished and not dull again, which takes great effort; here is the story of "the snipe and the clam fight, the fisherman gains profit", and on the other hand is "the woodcutter tied shoes". The movements are realistic and beautiful, and are extremely excellent works; there are six door gods in Sanchuan Hall, with tall and majestic postures; the two central fans are painted by Weituo and Jialan , which are common guardians in Buddhist temples; there are four fans on the left and right, namely the four kings: the who holds a sword, the harem of the kingdom, the harem of the king of the kingdom, the harem of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the king of the
The Sanchuan Hall in the middle of the front hall has five rooms. The middle door in the front is closed by a wooden fence. The back is an open hall. The copper-cast dragon-eaves columns stand on both sides. The plaques with four large characters "Guangming Quiet Realm" are hung high in the middle, making the hall look more spacious, bright and solemn; the mesh doves are gorgeous, square or round, and the veins are long; the mesh doves are overlapping in every two groups of veins at 45 degrees, connected to support the roof. They are dense like a net, gorgeous and dazzling, and have a shock-proof effect. This is the first practice of Taiwanese temples; The hanging tubes and vertical materials that can support the eaves beams are often carved into hanging baskets or hanging flowers, so they are also called hanging flowers; the vertical materials are located on the outside of the pendant and are carved into the "Laozi Riding a Cow" style and can also decorate the joints of the tenons; the strip-shaped wood beams and beams used to support the roof under the eaves of the temple are painted with rich paints, and the themes of the beams and rafters are mainly historical stories or flowers, birds and mountains; except for those beams, dou bins, and hangers that have load-bearing functions that cannot be deeply carved, most of the other wood carvings under the eaves are carved into foreigners' shapes with smiles, and they hold the hat brim tightly to make a support (there are Japanese wearing kimonos on it), which is very vivid and interesting.
The open arch on the left and right facade of the front hall - was opened as the import and exit of Longshan Temple. The entrance to the Dragon and Tiger Hall is made into an arch, which is influenced by Western architecture. The practice of the columns under the arch with column sections is unique and unique; the stone carved window on the right of the dragon gate - an incense burner made of the dragon tiger is engraved with opera stories, which is quite interesting. Here, the opera "Meng Lijun Takes Off Boots" is carved, and some people also believe that it is Li Yaxian in "The Embroidered Rug Record" or a talented and beautiful woman who "sends silver lamps". The stone carving window on the left side of the dragon gate - the incense burner is engraved with fairy boys riding a crane, holding a ball or a flag in his hand, which also means "praying for good luck". The story in the incense burner is " Lu Bu plays with Diao Chan"; the counter foot is also called "ground cow", which is the end of the bottom of the wall, which is usually withered into a dragon and tiger figure, and it witheres into a double carp, symbolizing " carp leaping on the dragon gate ", which is very vivid; Sanchuan caisson - a puddle that is constantly concentrated towards the center, interwoven into a net-shaped ceiling, also called "spider web"; this caisson is octagonal, with the dove covered with colorful paintings, dazzling; the elephant seats and vertical materials that support the caisson, with exquisite carvings and very impressive.
As a traditional palace-style building of Chinese classical three-entry courtyard courtyards, the front wall is composed of granite and green doushi. The images are vivid and exquisite, and the shape is soft. The stories are mostly from the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the List of Gods, and are decorated with beautiful Chinese auspicious pictures. Only in the three rooms of the Dragon and Tiger Hall, stone carving art works using line carving, openwork, relief, shade carving, bas relief carving and other techniques are everywhere. When the author walked into the temple from the entrance, he saw the plaque with four big characters " protecting the country and blessing the people" reflected by the brilliant lights.
Entering the middle courtyard, the large incense burner in front of you is for Guanyin furnace, which is wiped with bright tiles and golden light. Four Dutch reels are carved on the incense burner. It can be seen that the dissatisfaction of the Taiwanese people due to the past foreign rule is fully expressed here; the left and right guard rooms have a connection function and internal service areas; to highlight the hall on the central axis, the guard rooms are straight and the ridges are the lowest "one-stop" type, and there is a gorgeous bell and drum tower built on it, which is also one of the characteristics of Longshan Temple; the side door wall is blocked. On the left is the dragon block, with a huge and majestic dragon head, which churned between cloud patterns; on the right is the tiger block, the tiger stared with exaggerated eyes, and the head and tail indicated that "the tiger down the mountain". It is the Jiaozhi pottery work that has been preserved to this day. It is the most famous work of Hong Kunfu and has historical preservation value.
The nave is the main hall - below the moon platform, there is a Yunlong Imperial Road, the dragon holds a seal in his right hand and a jewelry in his left hand, which symbolizes power and power. In the past feudal era, the emperor must pass to enter the temple. There is a turtle beside the cloud dragon, and the turtle beside the new turtle bean is the turtle bean. The imperial road of the Confucius Temple in Taipei has no turtle bean. Because there is no turtle bean in Taipei, the temple built by the official cannot have turtle bean; the flower and bird columns in the nave have thick old plum trees coiled around the pillars, and birds live among the branches, with different postures; there is a big phoenix underneath, with extraordinary aura, and a consecrated place. It means "a hundred birds pay homage to the phoenix"; the wood carvings in the main hall are also very clever, especially the large caisson and shrines in the main hall are the best; the large caisson is round, supported by eight dragon head arches, and the dense internal arches rise layer by layer, rotating clockwise, and the skill is very exquisite. In the 1920s, the caissons were designed to rotate clockwise, but when they were rebuilt in the 1950s, they were changed to the current counterclockwise rotation. Of course, no matter how they rotate, they are symbolizing the Buddhist cycle of life and the meaning of cause and effect; as for whether it starts from the left or from the right, the starting point and the end point will always overlap, and the meaning of reincarnation is meaningless.
The roof of the main hall is made of a double eaves, with a total of forty-two pillars forming four corridors. There are many stone carvings of famous calligraphers on the exterior wall of the hall. The spiral alkyd on the roof of the hall is completely constructed with brackets, without a nail or an iron, the shrine carving is fine and magnificent; the form of the roof of the nave is On the roof with slopes on all sides, another roof is called "hiker mountain double-eaves", which is the most noble practice in southern temples; the roof ridges with a slope of 45 degrees on the roof are called ridges or strips, and there are eight ridges on the upper and lower roofs of the main hall and are decorated with cut and sticky decorations; the four upper floors are made into phoenixes with flying wings, and the four lower floors are made into dragons and flying phoenixes with looking up at the head; the flying phoenixes are located in the more noble upper floor, which echoes the characteristics of the Lord of Longshan Temple. The two dragon pillars in the center of the middle hall are each plated with one dragon, which is called "the earth-shaking style". The openworked magical soldiers and generals are not only carved, but also carp leaping at the Yumen under the dragon pillar.
The main hall is surrounded by columns, which seems to be able to ride a horse and move freely, which is called the "horse corridor"; the main hall is surrounded by stone pillars, and the six eaves on the front are all carved and delicately carved dragon columns. There are elixirs in front of the hall, and the ceiling in the hall is made into spiral caissons, which are exquisitely crafted and magnificent; the outer wall of the corridor is covered with stone carvings, and cursive script. Wild and elegant official script. If you look closely, you will find that there are poems about Liang Qichao engraved in it. There is a Bagua window on the left and right of the main hall of the corridor stone carved window, surrounded by four corners of bats, which means "blessing"; the window is then formed into a central circle, which is carved with "Magu's offerings of auspiciousness" and "Pine and Crane Immortal Old Man". The corridor also carved with "Remembering the catastrophe of the red sheep, my Buddha is calm and free" as a witness to history.
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