Introduction
In the 1920s and 1930s, my country was still in the silent film period, and the reputation of Ruan Lingyu has become famous in the Chinese film industry. On March 8, 1935, on this glorious festival for women all over the world, Ruan Lingyu, who was only 25 years old, was forced to die in the world.
Ruan Lingyu's death is a typical portrayal of the insults and damages suffered by actresses in the old society, and it is also a grief and indignant accusation of the dark society at that time.
Ruan Lingyu
Deformal marriage
On April 26, 1910, Ruan Lingyu was born in a working family in Shanghai with her nickname Fenggen. Ruan Fenggen, this ignorant baby girl, actually spans two eras - from the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, and these two eras are the period when the Chinese nation suffered and humiliated.
Ruan Lingyu, like thousands of unfortunate babies, has her own painful childhood. When she was born in the world, her father Ruan Yongrong worked as a hired worker in an oil store in Pudong, and his mother, He, was 15 years younger than her father, and worked as a servant in a wealthy family for many years. When Ruan Lingyu was two years old, her only sister died. She was just 6 years old and her father passed away in poverty and illness.
Ruan Lingyu was a little girl with her mother at a young age, learning to do odd jobs, wash clothes, polish shoes for the master, and hug the young master for his wife. He went to school at the age of 8 and was named Yuying. At first, she entered a private school, and the next year she transferred to Chongde Girls' School.
Ruan Lingyu was young and determined to be a "self-reliant woman". However, the hardships of life and the confusion of mothers made Ruan Lingyu connect her destiny with a cynical young master too early.
This person's name is Zhang Damin . He is the first man in Ruan Lingyu's short life to possess her.
Ruan Lingyu
Ruan Lingyu When he was 16 years old, his mother happened to be a helper at the early martial arts star in Shanghai Zhang Huichong . Zhang Huichong's third brother Damin watched Ruan Lingyu's performance at a party at Chongde Girls' School and fell in love at first sight. From acquaintance to falling in love, from falling in love to living together, it is all lightning-like.
The mother felt that her daughter could marry the Zhang family and would be trusted for life in the future, so she enthusiastically persuaded her daughter to agree to the marriage. Ruan Lingyu was young and ignorant, and her mother's life was hard to violate. She combined her life with the third young master of the Zhang family while she was not understanding it.
After Ruan Lingyu and Zhang Damin lived together, she wanted to spend a few comfortable days, but she didn't expect that the good times would not last long. One day, Zhang Huichong suddenly broke into her house and asked her to apply for a movie actor. Ruan Lingyu was shocked at first, but then she thought that her husband Zhang Damin was a second-rate man who relied on his parents' money to make a living. He had no fixed career or income. He also made several friends who were irritable and often lost his temper at her because of his financial difficulties. After living together for less than half a year, the supply of her life has been completely cut off. How can you make a living when the night is long? In order to be a "self-reliable woman", she resolutely agreed to try her luck.
Ruan Lingyu
On the early spring of 1926, Zhang Huichong took Ruan Lingyu to the Star Film Company and asked her to participate in the exam for the film actor. Sure enough, Ruan Lingyu was accepted and she became the heroine of the silent film "The Famous Couple". Afterwards, she filmed five feature films in a row describing marriage and love issues.
Ruan Lingyu has a persistent pursuit of art and wants to become a movie star of the generation. In order to perform a good show, she was fond of books and kept striving for excellence in her performance. At that time, there were many bookstores in Shanghai. She was a regular customer and often finished reading a thick book in just a few days. Even when she went to the studio to film, she had to bring a book with her. Over the years, she has read no less than a thousand books.
In character creation, Ruan Lingyu often uses the psychology, expression and movements of the characters depicted in literary works to enrich her thinking. Sometimes she simply locks herself in the house and laughs and crys according to the needs of the character. Someone asked her: Why can she be so happy and happy, and so sincere? She said: "If you act, you have to be like a madman, I am a madman!" With unremitting efforts, Ruan Lingyu has become a new star loved by the audience less than two years after entering the film industry.
Ruan Lingyu
1928, film companies made big movies of martial arts and monsters. Ruan Lingyu doesn't like martial arts movies and doesn't want to follow the "fashion", so the celebrity company began to look at her coldly. At this time, Big Chinese Lily Video Company recruited actors in , and Ruan Lingyu wrote a letter to recommend herself. Soon, Ruan Lingyu merged with the company and entered Lianhua Film Company . From then on, she cooperated with famous directors Sun Yu, Cai Chusheng, famous actors Jin Yan , Wang Renmei and others, and began to continuously climb to the peak of silent film art.
Sun Yu once praised Ruan Lingyu like this: "Before filming, she quickly understood the director's intentions. In most cases, she always succeeded in filming and rarely remakes. The scenes she filmed are often much more clever than what the director imagined."
Just as Ruan Lingyu was proud of her art and climbed up step by step, her family life gradually developed towards tragedy. After living together, the playboy Zhang Damin is no longer as docile and considerate as he was when he pursued her, especially when he was . When Ruan Lingyu gradually gained a reputation in the film industry, Zhang Damin regarded her as a money tree. She had no money to eat, drink, gamble, and asked her for it every few days, and sometimes she forced Ruan Lingyu to be her clothes.
Ruan Lingyu and his daughter once advised each other with kind words. Not only did Zhang Damin refuse to listen, he hurt others with bad words and slapped Ruan Lingyu in the mouth.
Ruan Lingyu
The misfortune of marriage forced Ruan Lingyu to separate three times. She often said: "Being a woman is too hard. It is meaningless for a woman to live beyond 30 years old!"
Once, Ruan Lingyu really committed suicide by taking poison, but fortunately rescued and escaped from danger and turned the danger into safety.
In 1932, the "January 28" incident occurred in Shanghai. Ruan Lingyu proposed that the divorce had not been completed, so she had to go to Hong Kong with Zhang Damin. In order to turn her husband back on the right, she specially asked someone to introduce Zhang Damin to do things on the ship.
In April of the same year, Ruan Lingyu received a telegram from Lianhua Film Company asking her to return to Shanghai to shoot "Continuing the Spring Dream of the Old Capital". Ruan Lingyu took this opportunity to temporarily "freeze" Zhang Damin's unreasonable entanglement with him, mentally removed a considerable burden, and devoted himself to the new exploration of film performance art.
Ruan Lingyu
Second trap
As a movie actor, Ruan Lingyu is not a professional background. Her successful experience, in her own words, is to watch more of the finished products of performing arts - movies; to watch more of the original form of performing arts - life.
In 1931, when she starred in " Love and Obligation ", she had to play both her daughter and her mother. In order to play these two generations well, she watched foreign movies and learned from the strengths of a hundred schools of thought, while paying attention to the behavior and expressions of young girls and elderly women, and even followed them on the street and imitated them carefully.
In April 1932, after Ruan Lingyu returned to Shanghai from Hong Kong, she was like a bird out of the cage, free and joyful, and her artistic talent was fully utilized. In a short time, he filmed sensational films such as "Continuing the Spring Dream of the Old Capital", "Hidden Three Modern Women ", "Gamble", "Goddess" and "New Women", becoming a star with glory. She was in a lighter mood and more open-minded. If you have nothing to do in your spare time, you can go to the theater with your two or three friends to listen to the opera.
Ruan Lingyu
Once, Ruan Lingyu went to see the play of Xue Juexian , which is known as " Cantonese Opera Mei Lanfang". She only wore a long body cheongsam with thin powder. She had smallpox in her childhood, and there were light spots on her face, but it was fine and white and tender, which not only did not harm its beauty, but also added charm.
When Ruan Lingyu temporarily got rid of Zhang Damin's entanglement and reached her best in artistic performance, a tea merchant named Tang Jishan took possession of her petite body again.
Tang Jishan is a famous love veteran. He once used despicable tricks to trick our country's first film queen Zhang Zhiyun and then abandoned him.
Zhang Zhiyun is a film actress in the budding period of Chinese films. In 1925, she became successful in "Fighting Awards" filmed by "Great China Film Company", which established her star status. At that time, the name of "Ruan Lingyu" had never appeared in the film industry.
Ruan Lingyu
Ruan Lingyu danced with Tang Jishan several times at Lianhua Film Company, Tang Jishan was moved by her sex art and determined to get her. Tang Jishan, , has very good skills. He first played roundabout tactics to win the favor of Ruan Lingyu's mother. His "grandma" and "grandma" kept calling. He bought and gave her good clothes and snacks in Shanghai and gave her away. He often played cards with her. then launched a "heart-to-heart battle" against Ruan Lingyu. Not only did he dance with Ruan Lingyu in every possible way, he was gentle, easy-going and elegant, but he also carefully understood and understood her thoughts and emotions. Ruan Lingyu loves her little girl Miaorong. Every time he goes to her house, he always brings some small dresses and dolls to please the mother and daughter.
Tang Jishan once repeatedly told Ruan Lingyu that she would never treat her like Zhang Damin, nor would she be separated from her like Zhang Zhiyun...
Ruan Lingyu
Ruan Lingyu is worthy of being a strong man in his career, but he has a fragile side of women in life. Finally, he can't stand the temptation of Tang Jishan and chooses to be with him.
At first, Tang Jishan proposed to pick her up and drop off on her way to and from the photography venue, but she refused. But Tang Jishan insisted desperately, no matter it was windy or rainy, she always sat in a car waiting for Ruan Lingyu's arrival outside the factory department marked "Lianhua Film Production and Printing Co., Ltd.". One day, Ruan Lingyu finally got into Tang Jishan's car. Later, after dancing at the National Hotel, Ruan Lingyu finally fell into Tang Jishan's arms.
Ruan Lingyu
In April 1933, Zhang Damin traveled to Shanghai due to official business and learned that Ruan Lingyu and Tang Jishan were living together, and he came to the door many times to make noise. Ruan Lingyu had no choice but to invite a lawyer to negotiate with her. The two parties reached a separation agreement, stipulating that Ruan Lingyu would pay Zhang Damin a monthly allowance of 100 yuan within two years. At that time, Ruan Lingyu felt a little relieved in her heart, thinking that she could grow old with Tang Jishan until she was old. Unexpectedly, shortly after remarriage, Tang Jishan became apart from her. Ruan Lingyu saw him with his own eyes entering his new home with a dancer.
Tang Jishan's dissatisfaction and disliked Ruan Lingyu's blows were particularly heavy. She often washed her face with tears, felt miserable, and wanted to tell her sadness to her mother, but she couldn't bear to speak up when she saw her mother's old face.
People with unknown background, from the surface, Ruan Lingyu is filming as usual, and everything is still the same. But if you pay a little attention, you can see that Ruan Lingyu's heart has undergone subtle changes: when she is joking with everyone, there is always a little crying in her laughter, or it will stop suddenly as soon as the laughter starts.
Ruan Lingyu
The last life-saving straw
Due to the failure of two marriages, Ruan Lingyu had lost confidence in her relationship at this time. But at this moment, by chance, another man entered her world, and he was Shanghai director Cai Chusheng.
At that time, Cai Chusheng was preparing to film a drama movie "New Women", and the heroine was Ruan Lingyu. During the filming period, Cai Chusheng developed a good impression of Ruan Lingyu, but is not the case that he is already a married man. Even though he really loves Ruan Lingyu, he cannot give up everything he already has for her.
Cai Chusheng's retreat and weakness became the last straw that overwhelmed Ruan Lingyu. From then on, she completely saw through this ruthless world.
Ruan Lingyu
Accusation of death
Ruan Lingyu filmed nearly 30 movies in her life, among which "New Women" is her masterpiece of the performing arts in her late life. In this film, she plays the heroine Wei Ming. Perhaps the role's experience is quite similar to her, so she has become perfect. However, Ruan Lingyu could not have thought that was due to playing Wei Ming that someone pushed her to the brink of death.
"New Women" was taken at the end of 1934, when the white terror in Shanghai was rampant. During the filming, Ruan Lingyu remembered Tang Jishan's fraud and humiliation towards her. Sometimes when she took twenty-five shots a day, she would cry fourteen times. She felt that when she lived with Tang Jishan, she was already a 22-year-old mature woman, and she was another person who had experienced an unfortunate marriage, which was her own fault.
"New Women" cover
In addition to a very emotional scene of committing suicide with sleeping pills, there is also a scene where Wei Ming was sent to the hospital bed after taking sleeping pills. Ruan Lingyu was also completely immersed in the role. When someone asked her what she was thinking, she said, "Unfortunately I had a similar experience, and I re-experienced the mood of suicide."
There was a scene that required Wei Ming to slide down the stairs. The director was worried that she was weak and advocated finding a "stand-in-one", but Ruan Lingyu insisted on filming herself. After the video was released in early spring of the following year, Ruan Lingyu was filled with flowers, but someone shot poisonous arrows at her. Especially some pornographic newspapers and magazines reporters, nonsense videos allude to attack them and tangle them. The scared company boss actually published a public report and apologized, and Ruan Lingyu was greatly insulted.
Ruan Lingyu stills
In the past, Ruan Lingyu never drank alcohol. But since she discovered that Tang Jishan had another new love, she was in great pain. Coupled with the troubles caused by playing the role of Wei Mingyi, she had to drink to drown her sorrows. Sometimes I drink whiskey while dancing wildly, and I am mentally in a semi-ansthetic state. Just at this moment, Zhang Damin took the opportunity to attack and went to the court to accuse her of adultery with Tang Jishan and forging seals and documents, attempting to use criminal responsibilities to squeeze out more money from her.
Ruan Lingyu did not agree to Zhang Damin's unreasonable request, and the court must conduct a trial publicly. For a time, Ruan Lingyu's "marriage change" spread throughout Shanghai. Some tabloids even used the title "Ruan Lingyu Adultery" and tried their best to spread rumors and slander, making Ruan Lingyu feel ashamed. After the incident of
, Ruan Lingyu once showed suicide to her mother, which aroused her mother's alertness, but she was unable to guard against it in the end.
Ruan Lingyu
1935 On March 7, 1935, Ruan Lingyu had lunch and went to the beauty salon to perm her hair, carrying a bottle of green hair oil. After the hair is permed, it is fluffy and shiny, making it look charming. In the evening, she went to the banquet at the appointment of Li Mingwei from Lianhua Company. Before going to bed, she ordered a bowl of noodles and walked back and forth in the room. The lights were on until very late.
It was late at night, and Ruan's mother suddenly heard a scream. When Tang Jishan called Ruan's mother, Ruan Lingyu had taken three bottles of sleeping pills and left two suicide notes.
When Tang Jishan found out that Ruan Lingyu committed suicide, she was worried that her reputation would be damaged, so she did not send her to a nearby large hospital, but went to the remote Japanese Fumin Hospital. Who knew that after Fumin Hospital, the doctor on duty was arrogant and had no emergency room, so he could only go out to go. When he was transferred to the Chinese and Western Nursing Home, due to the delay for too long and the rejuvenation was incompetent, Ruan Lingyu left with hatred at 6:38 pm on March 8.
The Republic of China journal
, which published Ruan Lingyu's body, and even more infuriating is that after Ruan Lingyu's suicide, Tang Jishan also published a fake "human words are fearful" suicide note, trying to break away from her own unfaithfulness.
Until April 26 of the same year, an article titled "The Truth Dabai Tang Jishan Forged Suicide Letter" was published. Only then did everyone learn the truth and saw two real suicide letters left by Ruan Lingyu in . The original suicide note is very short and the text is not very smooth. and has many modifications. One is:
Damin: I have been forced to death by you, who is willing to believe it? Don’t you think about the monthly allowance of 100 yuan after I separated from you? You are really unscrupulous, people must think I am afraid of sin? Actually, I am so guilty. I just regret that I shouldn’t be the match between you two, but it’s too late! No need to cry! I won't live anymore! There is no need to repent, because things have reached this point.
Ruan Lingyu
The second:
Ji Shan: Without you being obsessed with "XXX", without you hit me that night, and hit me again tonight, I probably wouldn't have done this! After I die, there will definitely be people saying that you are a demon who plays with women in the future, and even more so that I am a soulless woman. But at that time, I am no longer alive, so you can bear it yourself!
The past Zhiyun (Tang Jishan’s ex-girlfriend), today, who will be tomorrow, I think you know it yourself.
…
From these two suicide notes, we can analyze Ruan Lingyu’s mood at that time and the cause of her suicide.
film industry celebrities carry the coffin for Ruan Lingyu
After Ruan Lingyu died, her body was put into a silver-white copper coffin and then transported to the "Lianyi Villa" on Liuying Road, Zhabei for burial.
On March 9, 1935, the day of the lawsuit was changed to the funeral day. Shanghai residents flocked to the 0,000 Funeral Home, , Jiaozhou Road, , to mourn the actress from maid to star.
foreign movie star Nicky Tina, who starred in "The Return" with Ruan Lingyu, also approached Ruan Lingyu's body to pay condolences. Sun Yu, a famous director who has worked with Ruan Lingyu many times, said sadly: "It is no exaggeration to say that Ruan Lingyu's outstanding acting skills have dominated the first place in the Chinese film industry in more than ten years. Her life is a page of historical facts of struggling and improving."
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