2022 is a critical year for the implementation of the national "14th Five-Year Plan".
In the field of seismology research, major engineering projects and related scientific issues such as "China Earthquake Science Experimental Field", "Himalayan East and West Tectonic Seismology Research", "National Earthquake Intensity Speed Reporting and Early Warning Project" and related scientific issues will become research hotspots this year, and are expected to produce breakthrough results this year.
China Earthquake Science Experimental Field
From May 12 to 14, 2018, the International Symposium on the Tenth Anniversary of the Wenchuan Earthquake and the Fourth International Symposium on Mainland Earthquake were held in Chengdu. At the meeting, the Chinese government announced that with the goal of deepening the scientific understanding of earthquake birth and disaster mechanism and improving the country's ability to resist earthquake risks, it will build a seismic science experimental field integrating field observation , numerical simulation , , scientific verification and and scientific analysis and scientific achievement transformation and application as a whole, integrating Chinese characteristics and world-class earthquake science experimental field.
Under the deployment of the national innovation-driven development strategy, the construction of China's earthquake science experimental field fully reflects the Party and the government's attention to earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, and its support for the development of earthquake science and technology, which greatly encourages the confidence of earthquake science and technology workers.
China's earthquake science experimental field is located in the Sichuan-Yunnan region where earthquakes are frequent. Through systematic earthquake observation experiments, theoretical research and technical verification, we can obtain scientific understanding of earthquake birth and occurrence, explore the predictability of earthquakes, develop numerical earthquake prediction methods, and promote the research and development and business transformation of new technologies for earthquake monitoring and forecasting, earthquake damage defense. It is the world's first in the world to study "From the earthquake rupture process to the engineering structure response" full chain , and it is also the only seismic scientific experimental field in the world that systematically studies for continental strong earthquakes.
experimental field scientific design focuses on original innovation in earthquake science and technology, highlights the whole chain design concept of continental earthquake research and "from earthquake rupture process to engineering structure response", aims at the forefront of world science and technology, pays attention to the application of new technologies such as artificial intelligence in the field of seismology, fully investigates the latest progress in domestic and foreign earthquake research, and depicts my country's strategic actions for seismic scientific research in the next ten years .
In March 2021, the Fourth Session of the 13th National People's Congress approved the "Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Long-Term Goals for 2035"
full text: http://www.g ov.cn/xinwen/2021-03/13/content_5592681.html?pc
The second chapter, Chapter 4, Section 4, clarifies the construction of earthquake science experimental field as an improvement in people's livelihood National major scientific and technological infrastructure .
China's earthquake science experimental field has been included in the national "14th Five-Year Plan"
With the implementation of the construction of China's earthquake science experimental field, a large number of scientific research projects have also been launched or are about to be launched. At present, more than 360 scientific research projects are under development in the seismic experimental field of China.
In the National Natural Science Foundation of China's 2022 "Guidelines for the Joint Fund for Seismic Science Projects" , a total of 7 projects, including "Spatial-temporal and spatial evolution of geomagnetic anomalies in the main fracture of Sichuan and Yunnan Province and their relationship with seismic activity", have been included in the project system of the China Earthquake Science Experimental Field.
guide link: https://nsfc.gov.cn/publish/portal0/tab1164/info83037.
Himalayan East and West Tectonic Corrections Seismic Research
On the southern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Indian plate northward and the Eurasian plate, forming the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and a series of towering mountains. It also formed the tectonic structure of two orogenic belts converged in the area of India-Burma-Yun-Tibet and the Pamir area respectively.
East and West tectonic structure are two prominent fulcrums for the collision between the Indian plate and the Eurasian continent. It is the region where is the strongest affected by the plate squeeze in in mainland my country.
As one of the most unique geology-geography-resource-ecology-natural disaster units , the east and west tectonic knots and neighboring areas are natural laboratory that conducts research on major natural disaster chains such as inland subduction dynamics, interactions of various circles and their impacts, and strong earthquakes.
At the same time, the east and west tectonic knots are located in the core area of "Silk Road Economic Belt" , involving western my country and countries in Central Asia, South Asia and Southeast Asia.
With the deepening of the construction of the "Belt and Road", the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, the Sichuan-Tibet Railway and many supporting projects, the strategic significance of in the east and west structure has become increasingly prominent.
In , in the western tectonic junction area, , in order to systematically carry out major natural disasters such as inland subduction and strong earthquakes, carry out basic research on earthquakes and geological disasters in the western tectonic junction, and provide important scientific basis for earthquake and geological disaster evaluation in the region and the sustainable development of the local economy, the Ministry of Science and Technology approved the construction of the " Xinjiang Pamir Inland Subduction National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station " in 2020.
Research Station relies on the Institute of Geology of the China Earthquake Administration and the Earthquake Bureau of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, based on the development trends of contemporary earth science and major national needs, and carried out field multi-site, multi-disciplinary collaborative observation, detection and comprehensive experimental research on field multi-site, multi-disciplinary collaborative observation, detection and comprehensive experimental research on based on fixed and flow observation platforms such as earthquake, GNSS, electromagnetic, fluid, and ground temperature, and in conjunction with geological geomorphological mapping, deep geophysical exploration profile interpretation, mobile seismic array observation, InSAR and level measurement.
Through extensive international cooperation , we have established a good scientific and technological cooperation relationship with geopolises in the "Belt and Road".
In accordance with the requirements of " observation, research, and demonstration ", adhere to the concept of openness and cooperation , and build the "Xinjiang Pamir Inland Subduction National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station" into an important field observation, experiment and scientific research demonstration base for major natural disaster chains such as inland subduction and strong earthquakes in Central Asia and even the world.
2022, the research station will complete the construction of new earthquake geophysical observation sites in , Field flow observation , , Basic geological , , geophysical , Geophysical , Remote sensing database , , Earthquake essence positioning and seismic source mechanism solution , etc.
In East structural tectonic region , it proposes a national strategy for implementing major projects such as Sichuan-Tibet Railway and the development of hydropower in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River in the national "14th Five-Year Plan". Work can be carried out. Focus on the activities orogenic belt special geodynamic environment The earthquake hazards of the lower engineering engineering are based on the fine crustal structure of the orogenic belt, the current crustal deformation mechanism, the incubation mechanism of the orogenic belt, the seismic formation mechanism of the orogenic belt and the seismic tectonic model of the orogenic belt, and the earthquake risk evaluation of the orogenic belt, and many earthquake research institutions will implement comprehensive research on geodynamics, seismology, heavy magnetic geophysics, seismic geology, seismic activity, earthquake prediction, earthquake risk, etc. in 2022.
In the 2022 National Natural Science Foundation of China key project "Project Guidelines", the research directions related to this field to be funded include " Global and Typical Regional Deep Structure and Dynamics ", " Earth's deep surface process coupling and environmental and disaster effects ", " Continental polymerization and fissure process and dynamics ", " Plate subduction, mantle plume and multi-delamination interaction ", etc.
guide link: https://nsfc.gov.cn/publish/portal0/tab1147/
National earthquake intensity speed report and early warning project
The fault rupture zone of the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 was as long as 300 km, and the time it took for the rupture to spread from Wenchuan to Qingchuan for more than 1 min.
However, since there was no earthquake early warning system at that time, people along the fault rupture lost their precious escape time, and there were heavy casualties.
Therefore, after the Wenchuan earthquake, the China Earthquake Administration suggested to the state that build earthquake intensity speed report and early warning projects .
earthquake early warning technology requires that the earthquake be monitored in the initial stage of the earthquake, and quickly produces parameters such as magnitude and epicenter position estimated by .
earthquake warning principle diagram Source: Network
This puts high requirements for the calculation speed and accuracy of quantity , , density , , and parameters.
Science and Technology Ministry has set up a number of major special projects to carry out technical research and development related to earthquake intensity rapid reporting and early warning.
In June 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission officially approved the " National Earthquake Intensity Quick Reporting and Early Warning Project " project and started implementation in 2018.
project plans to establish 1960 reference stations , equipped with standard digital seismometers and strong seismometers; 3309 basic stations , equipped with standard strong seismometers; 10241 general stations , equipped with MEMS intensity meters, , totaling 15,510 stations .
In 2022, the National Earthquake Intensity Speed Report and Early Warning Project will basically complete the construction of all early warning stations and put them into trial operation of .
to 2023. China will build the world's largest earthquake warning system , and realize seconds in five key areas, including North China, North-South seismic belt, southeast coast, middle section of Tianshan, Xinjiang, and surrounding areas of Lhasa. Earthquake warning capability and in intensity speed reporting capability , based on PC earthquake warning terminal software, earthquake warning APP, and special reception terminal for earthquake warning information, it provides earthquake warning service product to the public, government departments and enterprises.
summary
This article briefly describes the three major engineering projects, related scientific research and expected outputs that will be carried out in the field of seismology in China in 2022.
Due to space limitations, many important domestic seismological studies in other directions have not been discussed, such as Next generation national earthquake zoning map pre-study , National strong earthquake trend after Qinghai Menyuan earthquake , , Domestic volcanic earthquake research after Tanga volcanic tsunami , etc.
There are many earthquake research work that cannot be introduced in this article.
can be expected to keep pace with the rapid development of science and technology in China, and domestic seismological research will also achieve fruitful results in 2022.
Reference Materials
[1] See! These contents in the 14th Five-Year Plan outline are related to earthquakes. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1694919681059916094&wfr=spider&for=pc
Author profile: Li Changlong, Institute of Geophysics of China Earthquake Administration and Urumqi Central Asia Earthquake Research Institute of China Earthquake Administration, Associate Researcher, the research direction is earthquake risk and earthquake risk analysis.
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