Han Wenxing, who has been in the Beijing Foye Ding Meteorological Station for nearly 30 years. Photo by Li Kaixiang, reporter of Beijing News,
-26.4℃, the last cold wave in 2020, refreshed the lowest temperature in the same period since the establishment of the Beijing Foyeding Meteorological Station.
Buddha Lord is the highest altitude meteorological station in Beijing, with an altitude of 1,224 meters, which is only less than 300 meters lower than Taishan . The winding winding mountain road is the link between this weather station and the outside world. Before this road was opened to traffic, it was only 3 hours to hike up the mountain, and the conditions were so difficult that it was not like in Beijing. But there is one person who has been sticking to it for nearly 30 years.
The wind was howling at night like a truck driving through
From the Yanqing Meteorological Bureau, heading northeast along the edge of the mountains and the Yanqing Basin. When you turn to Changchi Road, the Buddha's top stood in front of you.
From a distance, the Buddha's top is not steep, the hillside is flat, but it is obviously much higher than the mountains, and there are a few thin white lines vaguely in the mountains. "That's the winding mountain road, I'll go up from there later," said the driver.
car arrived at the mountainside and realized that it was a cement-paved fire road, so narrow that only one car could pass through. On the outside was a cliff several hundred meters high. "I have driven this road more than a hundred times. When the road was not repaired before, it was all dirt roads, which was even harder to walk." The driver had been driving at the Yanqing Meteorological Bureau for more than ten years and often had to pick up and drop off the staff of the Buddha's head. He was familiar with driving on this road.
As the height rises, the vegetation gradually turns into a coniferous forest, and snow has appeared on the roadside. After a few turns, the car reached the top of the mountain, a small house with blue tiles and white walls came into view, and a sign "Tagata Ting National Meteorological Observation Station" hung in front of the door. The top of the mountain opposite the hut of
is the location of the meteorological observation station instrument. The snow has not disappeared on the ground. Meteorological observer Han Wenxing said, "This is all the snow in November, and it also fell in mid-December. It is cold and cannot be melted."
That day was the last day of 2020. A "overlord-level" cold wave just passed, the air was transparent, standing on the top of Buddha, the entire Yanqing Basin was in sight.
It was almost noon at that time, the sun was very good and the wind was not strong. Han Wenxing took a look at the observation data and said, "-12.2℃, northwest wind, level 3. It was strong last night. At 1:30 in the second half of the night, the maximum was 20.4 meters/second, and the northwest wind was level 8. Generally, it would be strong if it was above 17."
-12.2℃ is close to the lowest temperature in Beijing urban area this winter, but it is considered a good weather in the winter. Han Wenxing and his colleagues were busy adjusting the position of a machine.
"We need to adjust the height of an automatic weather station." The temperature was too low, and Han Wenxing and the other three wore gloves, which were inconvenient to operate. They were busy with simple hole punching and fixing.
This is the last day of Han Wenxing's round of duty. When he was on duty, he happened to encounter the "overlord-level" cold wave at the end of the year. The low temperature at the Buddha's peak fell below the lowest record in the same period in late December since the website was established.
"The Buddha's top weather station is in the northwest upper reaches of Beijing. The northwest wind blows here first. The cold air comes to Beijing. We are the first to feel it. On the night of the 29th, it was measured -26.4℃. It was very windy at that time, with a level 8 wind. I heard the wind outside whimpering outside, as if a truck was driving up." Han Wenxing said.
On December 31, 2020, at the Beijing Foye Ding Meteorological Observation Station, Han Wenxing debugged new equipment in the observation site. He re-punched holes on the original column and prepared to place the equipment at a height that meets the requirements. Photo by Li Kaixiang, reporter of Beijing News
Heavy snow blocked the mountain and did not go down for 40 days
Han Wenxing went up the mountain in 1992, when he was only 21 years old.
"I have been on this mountain since I worked. It turned out that they were both masters and apprentices. We learned professional knowledge from the old team members. There were two people who came together. The old man from Yanqing Meteorological Bureau went up the mountain alternately. We were both studying in the mountain and studying in the bureau. In October 1992, when we passed the exam, we started to work alone." Han Wenxing was on duty for 30 years.
Before Panshan Road is opened to traffic, going up and down the mountain is a difficult problem.
"At that time, I could only walk up to the weather station. I rode my bike from my home in Yongning Town to Heiyukou, and stored my bike in my fellow villagers' home, and then climbed the mountain. It took three hours to walk from Heiyukou to the weather station." Han Wenxing said.
1996, the Yanqing Meteorological Bureau began to send cars to pick up and drop off.At that time, there was no road construction. The road was a gravel road with bumpy pits and often had stones raised. The road conditions were very poor. When it came to rain and snow, the car did not dare to drive. "The road up the mountain was half built in 2007 and half built in 2008. From now on, it will be faster to get up and down the mountain." Han Wenxing remembered this time clearly.
At the beginning, Han Wenxing and another colleague rotated every 15 days. "You can do it yourself to eat. Everything is solved by one person, but you can't solve it by one person. Let's talk to the bureau." Han Wenxing said that he took the rice and vegetables up the mountain and ate for 15 days. In my early years, I could only bring some resistant dishes, first eating vegetables, and finally only eating pickles and onions. "There was no refrigerator before, there was an air pressure chamber, and we all put the dishes in the air pressure chamber." It is even more difficult to use water in
. There is no water source on the top of the mountain. Until 2004, they all needed to buy water nearby. The weather station had 4 large tanks for storing water. "In summer, insects and mice will crawl into the tank. In winter, prevent the tank from freezing. Boiler must be burned to keep warm." After 2004, the Yanqing Meteorological Bureau began to send special vehicles to deliver water, and the tight water use situation was slightly alleviated.
"The highest summer here is 31 degrees, and you have to wear long clothes and trousers at night. There are few mosquitoes, but they are big; there are many flies, but they are big." Han Wenxing clearly remembered that the Buddha's Pin Meteorological Station started with three bungalows. When it rained, the roof leaked. The windows were all wooden windows, which had glass but were easily deformed, and leaked when the wind blew.
Now, three cottages have been expanded, Han Wenxing pointed to the location of the hall, all of which have been expanded. A water cellar was also built and floor heating was opened, "it could be said to be a world of difference compared to before." Although the supplies were brought to the mountain by myself, the staple foods were rice, steamed buns, noodles, and vegetables including celery, potatoes, and cabbage. After you have a refrigerator, you can also bring meat.
Buddha Pin Meteorological Station is a national third-class arduous station. In addition to the difficult living conditions, the meteorological conditions are also very harsh. Strong thunderstorms often occur in summer, with high wind speeds all year round, with an average wind speed of 4.8 meters/second for years, and 110 days of strong wind days (greater than or equal to 17 meters/second) throughout the year. In 2013, the tiles of the house were damaged. The three simple bungalows in the past were obviously leaking.
"We need to wear two coats when going out in winter. In the past, it was colder in winter, and the snow was strong and the wind was strong. Our coats were all sheepskin fur." Han Wenxing said.
"There are many fogs in summer, and the longest one year is from June to August, and it is basically every three days." Even on rainy days, Han Wenxing must insist on recording. According to requirements, it snows in winter, encrypted observations are carried out every three hours to determine the depth of snow, snowfall, weather phenomena, etc. In the past, the flood season should be observed at 2:00, 8:00, 14:00, and 20:00. If it exceeds 3 minutes, it will be reported late.
When it rains and thunderstorms, I dare not hold an umbrella. Han Wenxing wears raincoats and holds a record book to record various data one by one.
"On a thunderstorm day in 1993, when I went over to record, a lightning bolt directly hit the blind box beside me, and I could smell the burnt smell on the spot. When the thunderstorm was so strong, the tip of the lightning rod could be seen burned red." Han Wenxing said.
In 2012, Yanqing suffered a rare blizzard, and it was also on duty with Han Wenxing. The university was closed and the car could not get there at all. Han Wenxing brought limited food and was afraid that he would not have enough food. He changed the rice to porridge and only ate two meals a day. He persisted for more than 40 days.
December 31, 2020, Beijing Foye Ding Meteorological Observation Station. Photo by Li Kaixiang, reporter of Beijing News
When I was lonely, I shouted to the mushroom picker
for nearly 30 years. Han Wenxing has changed eight or nine partners, but he is still sticking to it.
"The first partner went out to do it himself, and took on a small project. Another one went to the environmental protection system. He no longer worked in the weather, and most of them lost contact."
His current partner is Wu Lei, born in the 1990s, and has been on the mountain for 5 years.
Wu Lei felt that the conditions at the weather station are not too difficult now. His family is also in Yongning Town. He felt that it was difficult to overcome it even if he could find a job close to his home.
"When I came, the automatic weather station had been installed, and then some equipment was installed in scattered areas. Every day, it was time to check the data, which was 8 am, 2 noon, and 8 pm. Some information needed to be filled in at 8 am."Wu Lei said that he learned a lot from Han Wenxing, such as how to record data, how to maintain and clean the instrument, etc.
"Now, if you can surf the Internet in the mountains, you will know everything. In the information age, everything can be seen online, and nothing else except that you can’t see real people. "Wu Lei felt that he was not isolated from the world in the mountains now. He also imagined an era without the Internet and felt that he could stay there.
But Han Wenxing obviously felt lonely back then.
"Why is it not lonely for a person? "Han Wenxing said, "When I was the loneliest time, someone was picking mushrooms at the bottom of the mountain. I shouted in the mountain, and I would like to reply to him. He "aoao" and I responded, "aoaoao" and the two of them couldn't see each other, so they just shouted and communicated. At that time, there were people picking mushrooms. I had never seen anyone in winter. It goes without saying that the mountains were covered with heavy snow. "
At that time, except for patrolling the instruments for an hour, his entertainment was to watch TV.
" In the 1990s, there was only one TV. Although it was a color TV, it could only be watched as black and white because there was no external antenna. However, there are many Taiwan collections, because of the high terrain, Central Station, Beijing Station, and Tianjin Station can receive them. "Han Wenxing said," on the hill behind the weather station, there is a forest fire-proof building. They came up in November 2004, but they had little communication. We had 4 large tanks of water here, and sometimes they came to us to pick up water and chatted. "
has been living alone all year round. Han Wenxing has adapted to this kind of life and does not want to change to the bureau to work. "I am used to staying in the mountains, so I feel awkward when I go to the bureau to sit on duty. There are too many people, so it’s better to stay in the mountains and stay freely."
December 31, 2020, Han Wenxing’s meteorological observation record book. Beijing News reporter Li Kaixiang Photo
From manual copy to automatic recording
Han Wenxing, when he first went up the mountain, the instruments were all manual. Now dozens of automated meteorological measurement instruments are spread all over the flat ground 15 meters square on the hill opposite the hut.
"This is a weighing precipitation measuring instrument, which uses weight to display the rainfall; this can observe the clouds and cloud shape; this can measure the depth of snowfall..." Han Wenxing knows these instruments as they are familiar with. There is a measuring cup with missing corners in the data cabinet. Han Wenxing said that this was used to measure precipitation. There is a metal bucket outside, which is put inside when it rains. When it rains, take the observation book to record. If you are afraid of getting wet, you must put the observation book in your arms.
"Measure the precipitation during snow, and turn the snow into water first. This is a professional operation. First, use a measuring cylinder to measure 5 mm of water, pour it into the snow to melt the snow, measure the total amount of water, and then throw away the added 5 mm of water, which is the precipitation this time. "Han Wenxing is more familiar with these "old guys". He pointed to a rusty scale in the corner of the table and said that it was to measure the evaporation. Now this value has been cancelled. The water volume can be measured with the scale, which means it can be measured, and finally the weight of the measuring cup is thrown away.
Even the length of sunshine is measured manually. He took out a piece of sunshine paper and said that what he had to do every day was to apply ferrous ammonium citrate and red blood salt. A fine plaid was drawn on the sunshine paper. The sunlight passed through the small holes in the paper and would leave a development on the sunshine paper, which could see the time of sunrise and sunset.
"At that time, the data had to be copied down. At the beginning, there was a wireless machine that could transmit data outward. Later, if he didn't succeed, he took the phone. The unit put the big brother here. If the data could not be sent out, he would use the big brother to send data out. "In 2008, Beijing Meteorological Bureau invested to connect the Foye Ding Meteorological Station to the Internet, which can directly link the Beijing Meteorological Bureau's intranet to send messages.
After 30 years of industrious business, Han Wenxing clearly felt the development of meteorological observation technology. "Around 2003, Foye Ding began to upgrade the system, and began to build an automatic station in 2008, and various equipment gradually began to upgrade. From manual to automation now, the accuracy is now several times more accurate than that of the earliest manual. ”
In order not to fall behind, he used his spare time to complete the in-service atmospheric science course at Nanjing University of Information Engineering, and successively obtained college and bachelor's degree.
Buddha's Lord is the "gate" in the northwest of Beijing. The cold air in the northwest entered Beijing and arrived here first."Meteorological stations are generally chosen in places with such observational significance and do not migrate at will, because the data will have greater meteorological value only after a cumulative period of at least a few decades." A relevant person in charge of the Beijing Meteorological Bureau said. Although everything is now automated, some projects still need to be manually revised, or when the weather is high during the flood season, some important encrypted observations still require the observer to complete the records and upload them.
In November 2020, Han Wenxing participated in the National Model Workers and Advanced Workers Commendation Conference as the 2020 National Advanced Workers. The award of
did not affect Han Wenxing's working condition. He still made records three times a day as before, and inspected the instruments when he got up early. "The diameter of rain, rime, snow, and hail must be measured manually. I have to watch it when it is thunder and rain, and measure the diameter of hail." Han Wenxing said that he will keep working, and this is his second "home".
Beijing News reporter Li Yukun Photo reporter Li Kaixiang
Editor Chen Si Proofreading Li Lijun
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-