Ebbinghaus (Hermann Ebbinghaus, 1850-1909) is a famous German psychologist. He published his experimental report on memory and forgetting as early as 1885: After experimental tests, he obtained the memory quantity, Memorize some specific data of time and forgetting, and draw a curve based on it. This is the very famous curve that reveals the law of forgetting - Ebbinghaus forgetting curve (see the figure below). In the figure, the vertical axis represents the amount of knowledge remembered during learning, the horizontal axis represents time (days), and the curve represents the law of memory change.
Ebbinghaus curve reveals the laws of memory and forgetting. Ebbinghaus became the first person to discover the laws of memory forgetting, and memory research has therefore become one of the most studied fields in psychology.
Observe this forgetting curve, we will find that forgetting after memory has the law of "fast first and then slow": as time goes by, the speed of forgetting slows down, and the number of forgetting decreases; especially after learning knowledge, about In a week, if you don’t hurry up and review, only 25% of this knowledge will be left. In short, this curve shows that review after learning is very important, and the earlier and more reviews are the more conducive to remembering the knowledge learned.
In addition, the Ebbinghaus curve also reveals forgetting rules such as people of different ages and materials of different natures, which are of great guiding significance for guiding people to learn knowledge and improve their memory. Based on this, we summarize the following An effective way to improve memory.
1. Associative memory method
Associative memory method is a method of image memory by connecting the information that needs to be remembered with related pictures, sounds, actions, etc. For example, the English word "ambulance" can be imagined as a life-saving scenario to remember this word cleverly (ambulance pronounced in Chinese: I can't die).
2. Chain memory method
Chain memory method cleverly links and combines unusual information with common information. This is equivalent to finding a "door handle" for memory, so that memory can achieve twice the result with half the effort. This method is also called the memory palace method. For example, the quick memory we see on many TV programs is that the memory uses body organs to organize meaningless information (the picture below is an analysis of using this method to memorize "Manjianghong").
Yes, you read that right, this is Song Zhongji Oppa
3. Space memory method
Space memory method is that the memory puts the corresponding information that needs to be remembered into a more familiar spatial environment, from the familiar spatial environment Come and remember unfamiliar information. For example, the memory user can correspond to the door, table, chair, stool, fans, air conditioners, washing machines, refrigerators, etc. at home into different information, and then fill the information into different grids. When remembering unfamiliar information, it will Naturally, these unfamiliar information correspond to familiar information, which is equivalent to turning meaningless information into a set of meaningful information.
4. Sticky notes memory method
Sticky notes memory method is to remember information that needs to be memorized on sticky notes so that this information can be reviewed anytime and anywhere. This method is also called "reviewing the method of resisting forgetting". This is a method that directly applies the Ebbinghaus curve principle, because the speed of memory forgetting is faster at the beginning, and as time goes by, the speed of forgetting will gradually slow down. Therefore, if you want to resist forgetting, you must follow the The law of forgetting is used to arrange the appropriate review time, and through continuous review, some short-term memories are converted into long-term memories.
5. Information Concentration Method
Information Concentration Method is the memory user who takes all the information as a whole to find the internal rules of information, connects some key content, and then uses key content to review the overall content. When using this method to memorize texts, ancient poems, historical knowledge, and geographical knowledge, the amount of information can be greatly reduced. With less information, the speed and effect of memory will naturally improve.This method can also be called " mind map method ". Using mind maps to remember is actually using information concentrating method.
Use this memory rule to improve children's memory.
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