"peaceful unity, one country, two nations, and two -system " is the best way to realize national unity. As an important part of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, "one country, two systems" is legalized and specific through the two basic laws of Hong Kong and Macau. After the practice and verification of the Hong Kong and Macau Special Administrative Region, the theoretical concept has entered a comprehensive practice, but in Taiwan, Applications are still discussing. This article proposes that will have different contents according to the different methods of unified Taiwan. The Taiwan scheme of "one country, two systems" will have different contents. This is determined by the specific situation faced by the two sides of the strait. The common goal is to achieve Taiwan's good governance. Therefore, the "one country, two systems" Taiwan solution is actually multiple sets, and it is a compound solution that can be transformed between different solutions. Eventually, according to the changes in the national unified process, the specific plan is selected and the adjustment is dynamically adjusted.
I. The Taiwan plan of "one country, two systems" is not only a peace talk plan, but also the fundamental goal of the implementation plan
"one country, two systems" Taiwan plan. It is to promote cross -strait integration and realize Taiwan's good governance. Integration is the only way to convergence. Both the two sides of the strait are long -term integration. The "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan should be in line with the fundamental interests of the two sides of the strait and conducive to cross -strait integration. As long as the
is conducive to achieving this goal, even if the cross -strait achieves national unity through non -peaceful ways, the "one country, two systems" can also be implemented in Taiwan, but it is no longer necessary to be recognized or recognized by the Taiwan authorities. Therefore, if the is unified on both sides of the strait, the Taiwan plan of "one country, two systems" is the peace talk plan; if the cross -strait is unified by non -peaceful ways, the Taiwan plan of the "one country, two systems" is an implementation plan.
"One Country, Two Systems" is the great initiative of the Communist Party of China in solving the issue of national unity, and reflects the concept of "seeking simultaneous depository differences" and "different" of Chinese culture. Because it was first applied to the regression of Hong Kong and Macau, there was a "one country, two systems" Hong Kong and Macao plan. The proposal of the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan is mainly to focus on the differences between Taiwan and Hong Kong and Macao issues: 1. Hong Kong and Macao issues are the product of forcibly occupied foreign colonists. Taiwan issue is the product left over by civil war ; The Chinese government and the British and Portuguese governments are resolved through diplomatic negotiations. Taiwan issues need to be resolved within the Chinese people; 3. The handling of the Hong Kong and Macao issues is the government on the local government and the treatment of Taiwan. Solving no sovereignty disputes, the solution of the Taiwan issue has both the issue of governance and sovereignty. The above differences determine that the content of the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan will be significantly different from the "one country, two systems" Hong Kong and Macao solutions. [1] On the other hand,
, on the other hand, the Taiwan plan of "one country, two systems" and the Hong Kong and Macao solutions have an important thing in common: they are designed to design a unified implementation plan that can be accepted by parties. However, if the country's unified implementation is not through peaceful negotiations, it will mean that the national unified implementation plan must not be considered to be accepted by both parties. In this case, the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan involves the peace talk plan or implementation plan. If
is a peace talk scheme, the goal will focus on the realization of cross -strait peace. In order to allow peace negotiations to produce substantial results, the national unified plan that allows all parties to be accepted to achieve common development. In this scheme, in order to achieve unity in a peaceful way, the mainland may need to adjust the structure of laws and regulations in multiple fields and actively adapt to and cooperate with the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan.
But if it is an implementation plan, the goal will focus on Taiwan's governance after the unity of cross -strait. Even if the way to unify Taiwan is not a complete and peaceful way, it can also implement the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan after unification. The key is to design a unified national unified plan that promotes cross -strait integration that is most in line with the actual needs. With acceptance, the purpose of the plan design is to allow Taiwan and the mainland to stabilize and develop in a unified country.In real applications in
, in different comprehensive pressure situations, the positioning of the "one country, two systems" Taiwan scheme will change. In the face of different reality, the specific plan can be selected according to the comprehensive pressure level. In addition, the specific plan will make differentiated targeted treatment for different strata, different groups, and different areas on the islands of Taiwan.
2. The "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan is both a static solution and a dynamic solution. The design is based on the current international and cross -strait situations. However, the reality is that the two sides of the strait cannot currently conduct official negotiations on the national unification immediately. It is not sure when the conditions for peaceful negotiations are not certain. Then the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan at this time can only be a dynamic plan. Many design in the plan need to be designed in the plan. There are different plans according to the development of the situation. Therefore, the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan may be a static solution or a dynamic solution. Features include:
1. Condition. The content of the plan is not a fixed rigid dogma, but to design different contents according to different situations. There are many situations in the reality of the evolution of the Taiwan issue, and there are many sub -case plans. The specific content of the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan needs to be changed according to the changes in conditions. The design of the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan 40 years ago must be different from 40 years; the design of the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan under the conditions of force unity is different from the content under peace and unity. There are different best solutions under different prerequisites of .
2. Dialectic. The content of the "one country, two systems" Taiwan scheme is both unchanged and variable. The principle content is unchanged. You cannot deviate from the principle of "one country" and unified goals, and always firmly grasp the fundamental attributes of the cross -strait relations of "cross -strait belonging to one country". However, in terms of "two systems", solutions of how to straighten the political positioning of cross -strait and reasonable arrangements after reunification are variable and talkable. These variable content must be determined according to the development of the situation and the international environment. Once the case is finalized, it has basically become unsatisfactory content for a long time. Correctly grasping and handling the dialectical relationship between "one country" and "two systems" is not only the essence of "one country, two systems", but also the system guarantee of long -term security in Taiwan after the unity.
3. Feedback. The content of the plan is interacting with the reality situation, and has the characteristics of continuous improvement and rich development. In the process of governance of Taiwan after the unity, the Taiwan plan of "one country, two systems" should play a goal function of promoting cross -strait integration and enhancing cross -strait prosperity. Because the situation and specific situation are in the process of continuous development, the once effective plan may be invalidated with time, or it is not the most effective. At this time, the content of the plan should be improved according to the feedback effect.
, a dynamic solution design with feedback functions, can not only be applied to the "one country, two systems" Taiwan solution, but also in the main idea of solving the Taiwan problem. When the two sides have a large difference and difficult to solve, the dynamic solution is better than the static solution. Static solution immediately finds out the way to eliminate differences. However, some differences are tricky. If forcibly eliminate it, the loss and sequelae are too large, and the solution will not have a bad impact. At this time, you can take a dynamic solution. Temporarily puts the controversy . Find and cultivate changes. These changes may be reduced, or there may be increased means, and may be strong and weak. The chance of solving differences may appear. In the process of dynamic solution,
, through the joint efforts of both parties, to promote the institutionalization of cross -strait relations and the institutionalization process, is an important content and best way to achieve the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan. Because it is a talk plan, the institutional arrangement requires the joint acceptance of both sides of the strait, and the names and contents require the two parties to be reached through negotiating negotiations. This is also the most favorable choice for Taiwan.
is one of the institutional arrangements for peaceful development on both sides of the strait.This arrangement can be an agreement, consensus, mechanism, and platform reached by the two sides on the development of cross -strait relations to develop a specific field. It can also be a package to solve the institutional arrangement of strategic planning such as cross -strait relations, principles, paths, and processes.
is the second. The key to the institutionalization of the peaceful development of cross -strait is that the two sides should reach a reasonable institutional arrangement in political relations. To this end, the cross -strait must first have the legal positioning of the essential attributes of cross -strait relations on the "two sides of the strait". It has a common cognition and clear norms to achieve the legalization of "cross -strait is the same middle school". The total framework lays a solid legal foundation.
is three. The important content of cross -strait promotion of the institutionalization of peaceful development is to actively and steadily promote the early cross -strait peace agreements on both sides, and conduct strategic planning on the peaceful development of cross -strait relations.
is four. To promote the institutionalized arrangement of peaceful development cross -strait, we need to continuously create environmental conditions and make every effort to cultivate and enhance strategic mutual trust on both sides of the strait. [2]
three, the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan will be two sets, or multiple sets of solutions
will start from a practical perspective. The "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan should not be a set of schemes, but two sets or multi -sets. In this way, we can meet the needs of the changes in the situation and have a design that meets the needs of reality. When the
1984 officially provided the "one country, two systems" policy, the original intention was to solve the problem of institutional differences between Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan and mainland China. The goal was to achieve both national unity and maintain stability and prosperity of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. At that time, the background of the times was: the size of the mainland was large, but the level of economic development lagged behind Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan; the scale of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan is small, and economic take -off was earlier than the mainland. The concept of "one country, two systems" can solve the institutional obstacles of national unity in different economic development stages.
However, after nearly 40 years of development, the level of economic development in the mainland has leaps greatly, and the speed of economic development is premier. The total amount is about to compare with the United States. The level of economic development is not inferior to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The economic scale and level of the provinces and cities in the young Mainland surpassed the Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions. In 2021, the scale of Taiwan GDP ranked 9th among provinces and cities in China. The GDP in Guangdong alone was equivalent to two and a half Taiwan. The superiority of various systems such as mainland politics and economy has become more and more reflected.
Therefore, if the mainland unifies Taiwan through the non -peaceful mode of , what kind of system to control Taiwan is most conducive to the stability and prosperity of Taiwan, and it needs to be re -evaluated. If the peace mode is unified in Taiwan, the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan must also be based on the degree of cooperation of the Taiwan authorities, and there must be two or more sets of solutions to choose from.
Whether it is two sets of solutions or multiple sets, the basic principles of designing the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan will not change. This includes:
1. Global view. Obizing the overall national strategy and long -term interests is not a solution for a single goal and short -term tools. The "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan is born to solve the problem of Taiwan, but when designing, it cannot only focus on the Taiwan issue. The must consider the content of the plan from the perspective of China's long -term development and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This requires that it cannot be favored for a while, and cannot harm the long -term interests of the country in order to fight for the consent of the Taiwan authorities.
2. History view. Starting from the fundamental interests of people on both sides of the strait, it is based on the common interests of people on both sides of the strait. With reference to all useful theories in the world, draw on the useful experience of other countries from division to unity, innovation in reference, from a magnificent historical perspective to the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan that meets national conditions and suitable for people's conditions and implement it.
3. Development concept. Adhering to the continuous improvement of the system construction of the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan is a dynamic practice process. Under the basic premise of cross -strait countries, is constantly enriching and developing the content of the Taiwan plan of the "one country, two systems" . The "peaceful reunification, one country, two systems" are based on the deep understanding of national interests in the mainland of the motherland and the deep grasp of the national rejuvenation strategy.As a concept, theory, model, and solution, it is an open and tolerant, which requires the common and perfect thinking of cross -strait to be rich and perfect. It comes from practice and will continue to enrich the development in practice.
will adhere to the "five adequate" of the mainland regardless of the design of several plans and the final plan. It will fully take care of the interests and feelings of Taiwan compatriots. The legitimate rights and interests will be fully guaranteed. " [3]
's discussions on the "one country, two systems" fully show the emphasis on the mainland's adhering to Taiwan's compatriots. It has a rich theoretical connotation of the concept of "one country, two systems". It is the need to realize the modernization of national governance after the unity of cross -strait.
Four. The Taiwan scheme of "one country, two systems" may be wider than Hong Kong and Macao, or may be more than Hong Kong and Macao
. If Taiwan finally returns through non -peaceful ways, the Taiwan autonomy designed by the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan may be higher than that of national autonomous regions. This is because Hong Kong and Macau returned through peaceful negotiations, and Taiwan was unified through non -peaceful ways. The governance situation faced by the central government was different. In addition, it is reasonable that the treatment given by non -peaceful methods must not be higher than the unified treatment of peaceful methods. In addition, the regions that return later should not be more treated than the areas of the first regression. However, for historical reasons and governance needs, the central government's power to give Taiwan authorities still needs to be higher than that of Chinese national autonomous regions.
If Taiwan finally returns through non -peaceful ways, the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan will be significantly different when handling cross -strait rights and obligations. In the peace plan, mainland China will invest a lot of financial support to Taiwan. Taiwan's fiscal tax is relatively independent and does not need to pay the central government. In the non -peace plan, Taiwan needs to bear the public management expenditures based on its own, and it must be obliged to perform its diligence in the financial and taxation. Regardless of whether it is or martial arts, the cost of contributing to unified Taiwan in mainland China should be roughly equal. Because the martial arts method has paid huge costs in the process of unity, the governance of Taiwan after martial arts must reduce costs accordingly. This is the basic logic of implementing a fiscal tax plan in the non -peaceful plan, and it is also a common treatment method in historical cases. When the
"one country, two systems" was proposed, the mainland promised that Taiwan did not implement the socialist system and policies, maintaining the original capitalist system and lifestyle for 50 years. It is based on the unity of cross -strait peace, and it has been more than 30 years since it has passed. Therefore, if the "one country, two systems" is implemented in a unified manner through non -peaceful ways, the mainland's current system of Taiwan may only promise for 20 years. There have been tremendous changes in the past few decades. In addition, the land and natural resources in Taiwan are owned by the state, and the revenue of its use or development is jointly dominated by the central and local governments. It is likely that public enterprises in the island need to be returned to the central government and transformed into state -owned state -owned state -owned enterprises. After
unified Taiwan in a non -peaceful way in the current situation, it is necessary to further discuss whether NT $ needs to be retained. The NTD dollars are replaced with RMB, and the abolition of NT $ is the first choice. Integrating the two currencies into new currencies, such as Huayuan, is the second choice; if the third choice is used, the NT $ New Taiwan dollars are retained, and is required. The People's Bank of China conducts guidance and management of banks issued NT $, and NT $ itself should be redesigned to remove the "Taiwan independence" symbol. When the return of Hong Kong and Macao, the Hong Kong dollar and Australian dollar were retained. There was a background of the era. When the return of Taiwan, the currency system after the return of Taiwan should re -evaluate the unified currency system. After
unified, Taiwan implemented a high degree of autonomy, but political power was given by the central government and was directly led by the central government.If Taiwan eventually returned through non -peaceful ways, the administrative power, legislative power, judicial power and final trial power in the Taiwan authorities in the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan can only be a "relatively independent or autonomous" arrangement. The Chief Executive of Taiwan can be arranged by the election or by the Central People's Government in the local area. Regarding the legal proposal formulated by Taiwan, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has the right to deny or make suggestions for modification. Of course, if the cross -strait is peaceful and unified, the Taiwan authorities may have almost all political power except foreign affairs. The party, political, military, economic, and financial affairs are managed by themselves. Under the premise of ensuring national sovereignty, security, and development interests,
has fully respecting Taiwan's social system and lifestyle, and the private property, religious beliefs, and legitimate rights and interests of Taiwan compatriots have been fully guaranteed. If the unity of non -peaceful ways, the mainland will need to send cadres to Taiwan to assist Taiwan for social governance. Faced with the situation on the back island that suffers from shocking, the mainland must send sufficient number of management cadres to be trained in advance to assist in governance in Taiwan. These cadres fulfill their functions and supervision functions in specific jobs. They are managed by the central government, stabilized the situation in various regions, industries, and fields, and governed Taiwan with local cadres in Taiwan. If Taiwan is peaceful, the mainland does not need to send cadres. If
is peaceful and unified, Taiwan can still formulate educational policies and cultural policies in Taiwan's Taiwan plan. All kinds of institutions can retain their autonomy and enjoy academic freedom. They can not force the mainstream values of Marxism, and can allow Taiwanese media and books to publish "Taiwan independence" issues other than "Taiwan independence" issues. If
is peaceful and unified, Taiwan has "certain foreign affairs power" in the "one country, two systems" in Taiwan. Names, with countries, regions and relevant international organizations in the world, and related international organizations, and signing and fulfilling relevant agreements, basically the central government may only be recorded. However, if it is not peaceful and unified, the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan may require Taiwan, and any exit must be reported to the Central People's Government for approval. It clearly stipulates that Taiwan's foreign exchanges are related to foreign exchanges, and the central government will carry out unified management. If
is peaceful and unified, Taiwan can have its own army in the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan, and the mainland will not send troops into the island. In the Chinese territory, the mainland army cooperates with the defense affairs with the Taiwan army to divide the defense area and defense responsibilities. When necessary, the Taiwan government can request the garrison from the central government to assist in maintaining public security and rescue disaster.
But if the "one country, two systems" Taiwan plan unified by non -non -peaceful ways, Taiwan does not allow the original army to retain. The original army needs to be re -adapted, and it is divided into the PLA sequence. Without central authorization, no organization or individual may mobilize and command the army without authorization. Another plan is that Taiwan retains a certain number of reconstruction of the army, responsible for public security and certain defense, but the main defense is responsible for the Central People's Government. Taiwan needs to bear most of the expenses of all troops on the island. These designs are not only aimed at the security considerations of Taiwan under the conditions of non -peaceful methods, but also the far -reaching layout of the national marine strategy and the long -term security of Taiwan.
This article was published in the "Taiwan Strait Research" 2022, the "Multi -Case Concept of" One Country, Two Systems "Taiwan Plan
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