solenoid valve working principle. There is a closed cavity in the solenoid valve, open holes in different locations, each hole leads to different oil pipes. The middle of the cavity is valve. Magnetic coil is attracted to where the valve body will be attracted. It is used to control or leak different oil excretion holes by controlling the movement of the valve body. The oil pipe, then pushes the piston of the oil through the pressure of oil, the piston drives the piston rod, and the piston rod drives the mechanical device movement. In this way, the mechanical movement is controlled by controlling the current of the electromagnet.
Category:
The solenoid valves at home and abroad are divided into three categories in principle (ie: direct, step -by -step, pilot), and the differences between the differences and materials of the valve petals and materials in principle. Divided into six branches (direct diaphragm structure, step -by -step structure, pilot film structure, direct piston structure, step -by -step piston structure, pilot piston structure), divided into 2 digits according to the number of air paths into 2 digits Two pass, 2 -bit 3 pass, 2 -digit 4 pass, 2 -bit 5 pass.
electromagnetic valve is divided into single -electrical control and dual -electrical control, which refers to the number of electromagnetic coils. The single coil is called a single electronics control. Generally, it is a single -electrical control (single coil), 2 -bit 4 -way, and 2 -bit 5 pass can be single -electrical control (single coil) or dual -electrical control (dual coil).
1. According to the media in the controlled pipeline and the different use of the working conditions, the solenoid valve can be divided into: solenoid valve, gas electromagnetic valve, steam solenoid valve, gas solenoid valve, oil solenoid valve Valve, refrigeration solenoid valve, anticorrosive solenoid valve, high temperature solenoid valve, high voltage solenoid valve, non -voltage difference solenoid valve, ultra -low temperature solenoid valve (deep cold solenoid valve), vacuum solenoid valve, etc.
2. According to the internal structure of the solenoid valve, different structures can be divided into pilot, direct, composite, reflective, self -retaining, pulse type, dual stability, two -way, etc.
3. Different materials used by the solenoid valve can be divided into: cast iron (gray -mouth cast iron, ball ink cast iron), copper (cast copper, forging copper), cast steel body, full stainless steel body (304, 316), non -metal metal Materials (ABS, Polytesterafluoroethylene).
4. Different pressures according to pipeline intermediary texture can be divided into: vacuum (-0.1 ~ 0MPa), low voltage (0 ~ 0.8MPa), mid-pressure type (1.0 ~ 2.5MPa), high-voltage type (4.0 ~ 6.4MPa) , Ultra -high -voltage type (10 ~ 21MPa)
5. Different temperature of the medium can be divided into: normal temperature (~), medium temperature (~), high temperature type (~), ultra -high temperature type (~), low temperature (~) , Ultra -low temperature type ().
6. Different working voltage is divided into: AC voltage: AC220V 380V 110V 24V; DC voltage: DC24V 12V 6V 220V; the general commonly used voltage is AC220V DC24V. It is recommended that users try to choose commonly used voltage and special voltage supply cycle as long as possible.
Seven, the protection level of the solenoid valve can be divided into: explosion -proof type, waterproof type, outdoor size, etc.
is divided from principle:
direct -motion electromagnetic valve :
Principle: When power is powered, the electromagnetic force generates electromagnetic force from the valve seat; during power off, the electromagnetic power disappears, the spring closure parts press the pieces and presses the pieces for pressing the pieces. On the valve seat, the valve is closed.
Features: It can work normally when vacuum, negative pressure, and zero pressure, but the diameter generally does not exceed 25mm.
distributed direct -motion solenoid valve :
principle: it is a principle of combining direct movement and pilot type. After the entrance and exit have no pressure difference, the electromagnetic force directly turns the pilot valve and the main valve closure. Raise up in turn, the valve is opened. When the entrance and the exit reaches the starting voltage difference, after the power is powered, the electromagnetic pioneer is the small valve. Power or medium pressure push the closure part and move down to make the valve close.
Features: It can also be moved during zero -voltage difference or vacuum and high voltage, but the power is large, and it must be installed horizontally.
pilot -type electromaging valve :
Principle: When power is powered, the electromagnetic force opens up the pilot hole, the upper cavity chamber pressure drops rapidly, and a low -high pressure difference is formed around the closing parts. During the power off, the spring force is turned off, and the entrance pressure quickly forms a lower high pressure difference between the valve parts through the observation of the inlet.
solenoid valve is used in the liquid road system to achieve the flow of the liquid path or the changes in in the direction of liquid flow. The pathway of the valve is different. There are several working positions of the valve core. The solenoid valve is called several solenoid valves: the interface on the valve body, that is, the number of pathways of the solenoid valve. There are several channels. The solenoid valve is called several pass solenoid valves.
is based on Qi Road :
"X -bit Y Tong" solenoid valve "X -bit" represents a total of several states:
"2 digits" and "break" two states - —P → A, P → B, A → R, B → S, etc. The disconnected air path is in the exhaust state;
"3 digits" include the above two states, and also the third state -for There are many combinations for exhaust/non -exhaust, and for the secondary exhaust/non -exhaust state.
"Y pass" means that there are several holes in the solenoid valve. For the gas solenoid valve, there may be 2 holes (1 gas, 1 gas), 3 holes (1) (1 gas). Inlet air, 1 exhaust, 1 exhaust), 4 holes (1 inlet, 2 air out, 1 exhaust), 5 pores (1 input gas, 2 exhaust, 2 exhaust)) ; For the liquid solenoid valve, there is no exhaust problem because liquid cannot be emptied.
P — Power, Pagoda;
A — Astronoma 1 (connected cylinder);
R — a stamping hole that is connected to the pores (B side coils have been controlled or manually controlled. These two holes are connected);
B -outlet 2 (connected cylinder);
S — the exhaust holes that are connected to the pores 2 (A side coil has been controlled by electricity or manual control. The holes are connected); when
two-bit (1 gas, 1 gas)
is powered off, when the pressure port is connected to the cylinder port ---- when power-on, the pressure port and cylinder port are closed;
two (3) two (3) two (3) Position Sanlong (1 gas, 1 exhaust, 1 exhaust)
is often turned on: During the power off, the pressure port is connected to the cylinder mouth and the exhaust port is turned off-when the pressure port is turned off, the pressure port is turned off and the cylinder port is closed and the cylinder mouth Connected to the exhaust port;
is constantly closed: During the power off, the pressure port is turned off and the cylinder port is connected to the exhaust port ---- when the power port is powered on, the pressure port is connected to the cylinder mouth and the exhaust port is closed;
usually structures: Allow valve to allow valve valves One of the positions connected into a normal or open position, or one of the two fluids, or from one port to another
(1 gas, 2 air, 1 exhaust, 1 exhaust, 1 exhaust )
is generally used to operate a dual -dynamic cylinder. At one position, the pressure port is connected to the A cylinder port, and another B cylinder port is connected to the exhaust port. At the second position, the pressure port is connected to the B cylinder port, and the other A. The cylinder port is connected to the exhaust port;
two five -bit (1 gas, 2 exhaust, 2 exhaust)
working process : From the figure, 1 is the air pipe, 2 and 4 are the bronch pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe pipe tube pillar 3 and 5 are exhaust pipes. When the 12 coils are powered on, the valve works in the right valve position, and the air intakes are out of the valve from 2 through the valve. After the valve goes out of 4, the gas meridian of the tube 2 is out of line.
Two Five -Pass Dual Electric Control solenoid valves : Electricity to the positive action coil, then the positive action air road is connected (the air pores are gas). If you connect, it will be maintained until the reaction coil is connected.To power the reaction coil, the reactionary air path is connected (reaction to make air pores with gas). Essence This is equivalent to "self -locking". Based on the characteristics of the two five -way dual -electrocomputer solenoid valves, when designing electromechanical control circuits or compilation of PLC programs, the electromagnetic valve coil can move for 1 to 2 seconds, so as to protect the solenoid valve coil is not easy to damage damage. Essence
solenoid valve characteristic
I. Safety: If you don't pay attention to safety, you will cause disaster
1. Corrosive medium: It is advisable The medium must be an isolated film type. Example CD-F. Z3CF. Neutral media should also use the solenoid valve with copper alloy as the valve shell material. Otherwise, rust chips are often falling off in the valve shell, especially if the movement is not frequent. The ammonia valve cannot be made of copper.
2. Explosive environment: The corresponding explosion -proof level products must be selected. Dust -free or dusty occurrences should be used for waterproof and dustproof varieties.
3. The pressure of the solenoid valve should exceed the highest work pressure in the tube.
2. Applicability: Unsuitable is equivalent to spending money to buy goods, but also troubles
1. Medical characteristics
1.1 Quality, liquid or mixed state uses different varieties of solenoid valves. For liquid, ZQDF-2 (or -3) is used for steam, otherwise it is easy to cause misunderstanding. The ZDF series multifunctional electromagnetic valve can be connected to the gas. The liquid. It is best to report the media state, and the installation user does not have to be adjusted.
1.2 Different specifications of media temperatures, otherwise the coils will be burned, sealing aging, which will seriously affect life life.
1.3 Age viscosity is usually below 50cst. If this value exceeds this value, the diameter is greater than 15mm with the ZDF series multifunctional electromagnetic valve for special order. The diameter is less than 15mm, and the high viscosity solenoid valve. When
1.4 is not high, the medium cleaning degree should be equipped in front of the solenoid valve. It should be equipped with a backwriting filter valve. The pressure of low pressure can be used as a CD -P. If
1.5 media is directed, and it is not allowed to flow — N and ZQDF — n -direction of two -way circulation, please make special requirements.
1.6 The medium temperature should be selected within the allowable range of the solenoid valve.
2. Pipeline parameters
2.1 Select valve pass and models according to the direction requirements of the medium and pipeline connection. For example, for a pipeline to switch to two pipes, the small diameter is selected for CA5 and Z3F. Please select ZDF -Z1/2 for medium or large -pass diameter. Another example is that the two pipelines are controlled, please choose ZDF -Z2/1.
2.2 Select the nominal diameter according to the flow and valve KV value, and the inner diameter of the same pipe can also be selected. Please note that some manufacturers have not marked the KV value. Often the size of the valve hole is smaller than the interface pipe diameter.
2.3 working voltage difference
minimum operating voltage difference is more than 0.04MPa. It can be selected for indirect pilot type; the minimum working voltage difference is close or less than zero.
3. Environmental conditions
3.1 The highest and lowest temperature of the environment should be selected within the allowable range. If there is a difference, special order should be made.
3.2 The relative humidity in the environment and the water dripsticks should be selected.
3.3 often has special varieties in the environment, such as vibration, bumps and impacts, such as ship solenoid valves. The use of
3.4 in corrosive or explosive environments should be preferred to choose erosion according to safety requirements. If the
3.5 environmental space is limited, please choose a multi -functional solenoid valve, because it eliminates the bypass and three manual valves and facilitates online maintenance.
4. Power condition
4.1 According to the type of power supply, AC and DC solenoid valves are selected. Generally speaking, it is easy to use to use the power supply.
4.2 Voltage specifications are used as priority to use AC220V.DC24V.
4.3 Power voltage fluctuations usually use+%10%.-15%, and DC allows ±%10. If it is super poor, it is necessary to take regulatory measures or propose special order requirements.
4.4 shall select the rated current and consumption power according to the power supply capacity. It should be noted that the VA value is high when the exchange starts. When the capacity is insufficient, the indirect guide solenoid valve should be preferred.
5. Control accuracy
5.1 The ordinary solenoid valve only has two positions: open and off. When the control accuracy requirements are high and parameter requirements are stable, please choose multiple solenoid valves. Turn off three traffic; ZDF -Z1/1 combination multi -function solenoid valve has four types of traffic full, large opening, small opening, and full opening.
5.2 Action Time: Refers to the power of the electrical signal or cut to the main valve the action. Only the multi -functional solenoid valve of the patent product of the company can adjust the opening and closing time separately, which can not only meet the control accuracy requirements, but also prevent the water hammer from the water hammer. destroy.
5.3 Leakage: The amount of leakage given on the sample is commonly used in economic level. If it is too high, please be special order.
III. Reliability: Unreliable will damage the entire system
1. The working life will not be included in the factory test item, which is a type test project. To ensure the quality, the brand -name products of regular manufacturers should be selected.
2, working system: divided into long -term working system, repeated short -term work system and short -term work system. The company's conventional products are long -term working systems, that is, coils allow long -term power to work. For long -term valve opening, only short -term shutdown is closed, the frequent opening solenoid valve should be selected. When it is used in a short -term working system and is very large, it can be used to reduce power consumption.
3, operating frequency: When the action frequency requires high, the structure should prefer the direct -movement solenoid valve, and the power supply is preferred.
4, action reliability
strictly speaking, this test has not been officially included in the professional standards of solenoid valve in my country, in order to ensure the quality of the formal manufacturers. There are not many occasions in some occasions, but they have high requirements for reliability, such as fire protection, emergency protection, etc., do not take it lightly. It is particularly important that two are also used with dual insurance.
Four. Economic: Incultuousness is one of the standards of funds, energy and even life.
economics is not only the price of the product, but also the cost of the function and quality of the installation and maintenance and other attachments should be given priority.
is more important that the cost of a solenoid valve in the entire self -control system is small in the entire self -control system and even in the production line. It is huge if it is corrupted by small cheap and misunderstanding. In short,
is not only refers to product prices, but the performance price ratio of product performance ratio is comprehensive.
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