图1：中国少年儿童出版社60年间进入世界图书馆收藏系统品种数量
表1：中国少年儿童出版社60多年间世界馆藏影响最大的书目一览表
■世界图书馆系统对于中文图书有一个严格The screening system is heavy and original. Therefore, the variety data of Chinese children's books in the World Library can almost be regarded as one of the perspectives of evaluating the original ability of Chinese children's books.
■ The core of the publishing of Chinese children's books is cultural original ability. What is the direction of cultural originality? Where is the logical starting point of the original Chinese children's book? Obviously, only the content of its own cultural knowledge spectrum can be respected, and the publication of Chinese children's books should think about the original direction.
2016, Chinese children's literary writer Cao Wenxuan won the Andersen Award, which made the Chinese publishing community and the academic research community very excited. However, there are some controversy. Some people are very optimistic. They believe that this is a sign. The world status of Chinese children's books has reached a certain degree; some people hold a negative attitude and believe that one or two writers have won worldwide awards. The quality has not yet been comprehensively improved, and China is not a child's publication power. The Chinese children's book is located in the world market in the world market. Based on the consistent research perspective, the author uses the Chinese Children's Press and Publication Corporation (named China Children's Publishing House before 2000) from 1956 to 2016 to enter the world's books. As an example, the number of varieties of the museum is trying to answer this question, so as to teach the industry in the industry.
Children's Book Publishing 60 years of development
China Children's Publishing House was established on June 1, 1956. The competent unit is the central government of the Communist Youth League. represent. As of the first 10 years of 1966, there were 729 kinds of children's reading materials in the agency, with a total of more than 100 million volumes, and founded the "Middle School Student" magazine with generations of children from generation to generation, " We love Science and Children's Literature and other publications. So far, the original children's books that have a greater influence in the world, such as "Spring and Autumn Story", "Story of the Warring States", "The Story of the Western Han Dynasty", "Scarecrow", "Dalin and Kobayashi", "The Secret of Treasures", "Treasure Boat", "Little Bobe" "Golden Conch", "The Story of Avanti", "Little Soldiers Zhang Ga", "Colorful Road", "Uncle Xiaoma and" Big Leather Boots "," Fisherman "," Little Tadpoles Finding Mom "," Golden Gourd Yin Dou "," Little Little "," Little Little " "Matthew River" was published by the agency and spread to various countries and regions in the world in various forms such as illustrations, comic paintings, and picture books.
China Children's Publishing House also has an excellent writer and painter team, Mao Dun, Ye Shengtao , Mao Yisheng, Hua Luogeng, Lu Jiaxi, Li Siguang, Bingxin , Zhang Tianyi , Wu Yan, Lin Hansa , Yan Wenjing As well as Ye Junjian , Chen Bo blows , Gao Shiqi, Ye Zhishan and other famous writers are the author of the agency. Since 1994, the agency has selected the Chinese "Golden Writers and Golden Painters". The first "Golden Writer Golden Painter" was Sun Youjun, Yu Xinyan, Zhu Zhongyu, Su Shiyang , Jinbo , Zhang Zhi Road , Zhang Jingzhong, Yan Yiyan, Hot Spring Source , Chen Yuxian ; the second "Golden Writers and Golden Painters" is Ma Ming, Tu Xiaoming, Bu Yulin, Bingbo, Li Zhiyi, Chen Jin, Zhang Junyi, Wu Guanying, Meng Xiangcai, Jin Tao; Ma Ainong, Li Yupei, Li Quanhua, Ruan Jiaxin, Shen Shixi, Wu Qing, Lin Hua, Zheng Chunhua, Gao Hongbo, Cheng Sixin, these are representative authors and painters in Chinese original children's books. In 2000, China Children's Publishing House and China Junior News Agency jointly jointly established the China Children's Children's Press and Publication Corporation. It can be said that the development process of Chinese Children's Publishing House for more than 60 years is the epitome of the publishing of the entire Chinese children's book.
The author, based on the large database OCLC covering a large database OCLC, which covers more than 20,000 libraries in more than 100 countries in the world, searched and sorted out the Chinese Children's Publishing House from 1956 to 60 years in 2016. There are 3907 varieties collected by the library system around the world. Species, the trend of the year specifically as shown in Figure 1 below.The
World Library system has a strict screening system for Chinese books, which focuses on scarcity and originality. Therefore, the variety data of Chinese children's books in the World Library can almost be regarded as one of the signs of the original ability of Chinese children's books.
can be found from the above Figure 1 that the level of original ability of Chinese children's books has gradually increased and improved in more than 60 years. This improvement process is almost synchronized with the development and changes of the entire Chinese society. The development process of Chinese children's books can be summarized by six stages, including the initial creation period, withering period, recovery period, development period, growth period, and prosperity period.
The so -called first creation period refers to the first 10 years of children's books from scratch from scratch, with certain original levels from 1956 to 1966. scale. The withering period refers to the ten -year Cultural Revolution. From the data in Figure 1, it can be found that from 1967 to 1976, there were almost no valuable children's books published during the decade of the Cultural Revolution. The digits are zero in 6 years. The recovery period refers to from 1978 to 1988. It can be found through the data in Table 1 above. It did not return to the level of 1966 until 1988. There were 49 varieties in Tibet that year. quite. The so -called development period refers to from 1989 to 1999. In this decade, the number of varieties gradually increased, until 100 types in 1999, reaching 119 species of breaking records. The expansion of the future refers to from 2000 to 2009. During the period, the Chinese Children's Publishing House and the China Junior News Agency were united to form a Chinese Children's Press and Publication Agency. In essence, it was the first professional group that focused on children's book publishing. After a period of dormancy, it made great progress in 2009 and exceeded 200 types of mark. In that year, 206 varieties entered the world library collection system. The prosperity period refers to the development trend from 2010 to today. According to data from Table 1, it can be found that from 2010 to 2016, Chinese Children's Publishing House has been increased by the varieties of collections of libraries around the world year by year, and in 2014, it exceeded the 300 levels.
is also the historical period of the publication and internationalization of children's book publishing towards grouping and internationalization. After the Chinese Children's Publishing Corporation, the Yangtze River Children's Publishing Group and the 21st Century Publishing Group were listed in 2013 and 2014. In addition, some publishing houses also actively expand the international market, and cooperate with overseas joint ventures and cooperate with international children's book publishing companies, and even overseas mergers and acquisitions, such as relay publishing house, Zhejiang Children's Publishing , etc. The degree of internationalization.
academic circles have the "Golden Ten Years" of Chinese Children's Book Publishing, which starts from the China Reading News. On August 21, 2013, the "China Reading News" published a special issue of the National Children's Book Fair in 2013 "Hundred Asking Children's Publishing Golden Age". "Said. Mr. pointed out in the article "The Big Age of Children's Children's Book Publishing" ("Published by China" in June 2016) that there are three main performances in this golden decade: first, it is manifested in children's literary creation, and emerging emergence of children's literary creation, emerging emergence A group of outstanding writers and excellent works have emerged, and a number of brand writers and brand works have emerged, and a number of best -selling writers and best -selling books have emerged. The second is the increase in the number of children's book publishing agencies, which has evolved from the original professional publishing to public publishing. There are 584 publishing houses across the country, and more than 520 are involved in children's books. The third is the continuous growth of children's books, total printing, and total sales. In the 10th year of the new century, there were more than 40,000 children's books, ranking first in the world. This "Golden Ten Years" judgment is basically consistent with the growth period from 2000 to 2009, from 2000 to 2009, and the prosperity period from 2010 to today.
In short, the 60 -year journey of Chinese Children's Book Publishing, through the variety of Chinese Children's Publishing House to enter the world library system, can find its historical characteristics, that is, from scratch, from weak to strong, almost synchronized with the development of Chinese society, almost synchronized with Chinese society. Essence
60 The largest Chinese Children's Book
below in the World Hall of the World Museum in 660 is based on the OCLC system according to the annual retrieval and compiled. From 1956 to 616, China Children's Publishing House entered the global library system in the 61st year in 2016. Or in other words, the number of books with the largest number of collections of libraries, that is, the most influential influence of the world for many years, so the following Table 1 can be said to be the most influential Chinese children's book in the world for more than 60 years.
can be found through the above Table 1 that from 1956 to 2016, 82 books were selected according to the number of collected libraries in the year, of which 2 were tied in 15 years and three types were tied into the World Library system. In 2009 11 kinds and 7 types in 2016 are the two years in more than 60 years. According to the number of books with the largest number of collections in more than 60 years, a Chinese children's book rankings that have the greatest influence of the World Society's World Pavilion can be drawn preliminary. There are many places to be studied in this book. Among them, there are two points worth thinking about:
First. Why is the domestic academic community called the variety of "Golden Ten Years" period?
found through data above in Table 1 that in the nearly 20 years from 2000 to 2016, the number of Chinese Children's Publishing House has not entered the global library, and there are almost no more than 20 libraries. For example, Gao Hongbo's "Diary (Children's Literature, Picture Book)" published in 2015, 12 libraries around the world; in 2010, Yang Hongying "Chasing the Sun's Mouse (Children's Literature, Illustration Book)" "Moth Round Dance (Children's Literature, Illustration Book)" Global Collection Library is 10. Of course, due to the limitation of copyright, the copyright of some well -known writers is not at the Chinese Children's Publishing House. The core of
Chinese Children's Book Publishing is cultural original ability, and what is the direction of cultural originality? Where is the logical starting point of the original Chinese children's book? How to do original? The answer to these questions involves innovation in Chinese humanities and social sciences. From the side of Tongshu Publishing, you can also deeply feel the heavyness of this problem.
is second. Only the content of its own cultural knowledge spectrum can be respected. Chinese children's book publishing must think about the original direction.
can be found through the data of Table 1. According to the ranking of the number of collections, the first place is the first place published in 1983 "Children's Literature" 20 -year Excellent Works, 1963 ~ 1983 ". In the "Children's Literature" magazine from 1963 to 1983, the works published by a large number of Chinese well -known children's literary writers such as Bingxin, Liu Zhen, and Ru Zhijuan, with exquisite illustrations, and the value of their literature. Therefore, there are 34 collected libraries in the world. The benchmark of the 30 libraries is exactly about 1.5%of the number of members of the world's members of OCLC. It is the most influential entry threshold for the annual Chinese Book World Museum. The book is the first in the world's most influential Chinese children's book.
ranked second in the "Story of Chairman Mao's Youth" compiled by Zhou Shizhao (published in 1977). Several revolutionary stories, such as "looking at the map", "organizing the new people's society", "first to Beijing", "the pioneer of the cultural book club", "the night school that created the workers and peasants", "the edge of the clear pond". As Mao Zedong's identity and leadership of the of the People's Republic of China, , the world's popularity, just like the stories of youth such as the founding Yuanxun and Washington in the United States. Although the book was published in 1977, which was just ended in the Cultural Revolution, its printing quality was not exquisite compared with today's children's books, but the number of global library systems reached 29. name. The third place is Zhu Min's "Recalling President of My Father Zhu De". It was published in 1978 and has the same nature as the book "The Story of Chairman Mao". Zhu De is also one of the founders of New China. Like Mao Zedong, he has a wide popularity in the world.The book was written by Zhu De's daughter Zhu Min himself, describing daily life stories such as Zhu De, Mao Zedong, Zhu De and Zhou Enlai, and Zhu De, and children, and showed another colorful side of Zhu De as a great man as a great man through the details of daily life. For example, the story of "the story of a blanket", "To call Mao Mao", "Zhou Bobo taught me out of the tiger's mouth" and other stories have a strong infectious power. Therefore The third place of influential Chinese children's books. The two books on
have provided a very valuable development direction for the development of Chinese children's books, that is, it must be based on China's own cultural soil, based on its own cultural spectrum, in order to be called Chinese characteristics with Chinese characteristics Children's original. For example, at present, a large number of literary works are mostly attached to animals and plants, science fiction, and future. Far enough, the number and form cannot be compared with a large number of non -fictional American hero works in American children's books. There is no doubt that children's reading is an important part of shaping their own national heroes and building their own cultural spectrum. Its significance and value are much more important than other books. This is worthy of the high attention of the publishing industry of Chinese children's books.
and "Recalling My Father Zhu De" are tied for, which is "Story of the Warring States Period (Story)" written by Lin Hansa published in 1962. It was a set of books at the time. Lin Handa (1900 ~ 1972), Ningbo, Zhejiang, is a well -known Chinese educator, literaryist and historian. He graduated from Hangzhou University in 1924 and studied in the United States in 1937. After returning to China, he served as a professor at Yanjing University and Deputy Minister of Education. The most popular among young readers is Mr. Lin Handa's popular historical books, humorous style, popular text, and in a funny language. It has been welcomed by readers for decades. Youth. His works include "Lin Handa Historical Story Collection" and " for 5,000 years " and so on. The book was equipped with illustrations when it was published, so the world has a great impact. The collection library is 28. The series of Chinese historical stories and other picture books, comic paintings and illustrations written by Mr. Lin Hansa have become the "evergreen tree" that is constantly reprinted in the Chinese children's book market. In addition to the bibliography listed in Table 1,
also consulted the number of collections of other children's publishing houses in China and found that Jiangsu Children's Publishing House was established since 1980. Signature, the "Historical Records" illustrations published in 2004, 37 collected libraries all over the world, surpassing the "Children's Literature" 20 -year Excellent Works of Children's Literature in 1983, 34 of the China Children's Publishing House. Home Library. This data verifies the above judgments, which are published by Chinese children's books, which are taken from Chinese historical stories, have become very mature, and have become a large variety of wide collection of the world's library systems. In short,
, through the data of more than 60 years of Chinese Children's Publishing House, there are many problems that can be explored and thought, and the judgment in the author may not be comprehensive and accurate. However, it is undoubtedly to reach a basic consensus, which is based on the cultural originality of its own cultural soil to gain a real world influence.
(He Xingxing, Professor of Beijing University of Foreign Languages, Executive Director of the Effects Evaluation Center of Chinese Culture; Yu Jiutao, President of China Painting Newspaper)
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