He who has never cried for a long night cannot say enough about his life.
——How many tastes of life are transformed into the sweetness of the end of bitterness in the sipping of tears. Such an expression that touches people's hearts is almost a customized version of Lu Xun's. It is too gentleman-like. You can imagine that one winter night, Lu Xun was sitting at the table in his apartment in Hongkou, holding a cigarette in his hand, looking up at the night sky outside the window, and then slowly spit out this sentence...
But sorry, Lu Xun Museum Information Inquiry Online Retrieval System, dismantled This perfect match between a famous quote and a famous person was discovered, and the query result was "Mr. Lu Xun said it, but I didn't say it."
To put it another way, even if Mr. Lu Xun said this sentence on a certain occasion, he was only a quotation, not an original creation. As for the original author of this sentence, there is another more eye-catching saying on the Chinese Internet: Scottish philosopher, critic, and historian Thomas Carlyle .
This sentence is included in the "Classic Quotes" item of Thomas Carlyle's Baidu Encyclopedia. More powerful evidence is provided by "The Treasury of Foreign Famous Quotations" (Henan Education Press, December 1992 edition, edited by Liu Xianzhi , Tang Keman, and Zhuang Tao). Page 62 of the book states, "Never cried. "Those who spend a long night are not worthy of life" is what Carlyle said, and this sentence is quoted on page 18 of "The Biography of Byron" written by Yusuke Tsurumi.
Because "Foreign Famous Quotes Treasury" did not specify which book or conversation Carlyle said this sentence, we need to further examine the context of this sentence, "The Biography of Byron" (Hunan People's Publishing House, 1981 The October edition, written by Yusuke Tsurumi and translated by Chen Qiufan) should be a good choice.
"The Life of Byron" was written by the Japanese liberal writer Tsurumi Yusuke. The Japanese version was published in 1935 and was translated into Chinese by Chen Qiufan in the early 1940s. Yusuke Tsurumi's "The Biography of Byron" is mainly based on "Don Juan: The Biography of Byron" by the French biographer André Mauroa (January 1985 edition of Zhejiang Literature and Art Publishing House, Translated by Qiu Xiaolong and Wang Lili, the original French version was published in 1931). Its advantage, as the editor of the October 1981 edition of Hunan People's Publishing House commented, is that "the narrative is vivid and the writing style is swaying." Its shortcoming is that it is too popular and lacks the rigor and meticulousness that an academic biography should have. The quotation of Carlyle by Tsurumi Yusuke in "The Biography of Byron" may be the best footnote to the pros and cons of this biography. This sentence appears in the third section of the original author's preface to "The Life of Byron" -
"He who has never cried for a long night is not enough to express his life." The philosopher Carlyle was so drunk. All great people grow from tears and burst out from distress and poverty.
It should be said that Tsurumi Yusuke's quotation of Carlyle is appropriate and flattering. "The philosopher Carlyle was so drunk" even has a Zen feel. The problem is that no valuable information can be obtained by carefully examining "It's so drunk". When, where and why did Carlisle become "so drunk"? Tsurumi Yusuke did not give any further explanation in "The Life of Byron". He seemed like an examinee who hastily filled in the answers but did not list the process of solving the problem.
It is necessary to point out that for a long time, the answer given by Yusuke Tsurumi, that is, Carlyle said "He who has never cried for a long night is not enough to live a good life", has dominated in relatively professional fields, among others It is far more authoritative than the more amateur "Lu Xun theory".
As for the "Lu Xun theory" that has been widely circulated among grassroots netizens, the only clue that can be drawn is that Lu Xun read the original Japanese version of "Byron" by Yusuke Tsurumi. Lu Xun was no stranger to Tsurumi Yusuke. Tsurumi Yusuke's collection of essays "Thoughts, Landscapes, and Characters" was translated and introduced to China by Lu Xun's and . But strictly speaking, from the time Lu Xun read the Japanese version of "Byron" to the time he paraphrased this sentence - if this hypothesis is true, the time interval for fulfilling this hypothesis is extremely limited, only about one year - the Japanese version of "Byron" It was published in 1935, and Lu Xun died in 1936.
It is not difficult to see that "Those who have never cried through the night are not worthy of life." Even if Lu Xun quoted it, there were many flaws.So, is the more professional "Carlyle Theory" unbreakable? Judging from online records, at least before 2010, few people suspected it. After all, with the support of two public publications, "Byron" and "Foreign Quotes Vault", ordinary people have no one to rely on if they challenge.
However, after 2010, the situation changed. With the continuous popularization of the Internet and the influx of information from multiple sources, public review and screening capabilities have rapidly improved. The "Carlyle Theory" was not only questioned, but also quickly overturned. The person who "knocked down" Carlyle was Goethe. The person who played a key role in this subversion was a Douban netizen named Lin Fenghan (whose online name is Xu Feng).
"William Meister's Learning Era"
On December 30, 2012, Xu Feng posted a post on Douban entitled "Those who have never cried for a long night are not enough to live a good life". In the article, Ofeng pointed out that Yusuke Tsurumi's "The Life of Byron" actually misled people. "He who has never cried for a long night is not enough to express his life." This sentence is not original to Carlyle. The real source of this sentence is John Wall. Wolfgang von Goethe's novel "The Study of Wilhelm Meister". The reason why people associate this sentence with Carlyle is because Carlyle translated Goethe's novel into English in 1824. As a result, the translator was misrepresented as the original author. Goethe's famous saying in German has become a beautiful misunderstanding in the Chinese world after being transferred, switched and misrepresented in several languages and different cultural backgrounds.
However, Xu Feng also admitted in his post that his article quoted a Taiwanese blogger whose online name is "Kongsheng". On July 2, 2011, "Kongsheng" published a blog post on the Pixnet website "Kongzhijie". The "Airlift" blog post contains research on Goethe's famous quotes, and the content is generally consistent with Xu Feng's narrative. He also compared the difference between Goethe's German version and Carlyle's English version of this sentence in his blog post, and suggested that Goethe's sentence may have originated from the "Bible Psalms".
The research of "Airlift" is not difficult to verify, because Goethe's "Wilhelm Meister's School Years" has a mainland translation, with a slightly adjusted title, called "Wilhelm Meister's School Years" ( Huaxia Publishing House 2008 January edition, translated by Zhang Rongchang).
"The School Years of Wilhelm Meister" is the first part of the two-part "Wilhelm Meister" by Goethe (the second part is "The Years of Wanderings of Wilhelm Meister"). It was started in 1777 and the entire work was completed in 1796. Year. It is generally believed that among all Goethe's works, "Wilhelm Meister" enjoys a status "second only to" or even "equal to" "Faust". "The School Years of Wilhelm Meister" tells the story of the growth and development of Wilhelm Meister, the son of a wealthy businessman. William Meister loved drama and literature since he was a child, hated the vulgar living environment of the small bourgeoisie, and was unwilling to inherit his father's business, so he traveled around the world with a wandering theater troupe, and finally found his own destination. In view of the fact that the theme of this work is "the search for a beautiful soul", "The School Years of Wilhelm Meister" is also known as a "cultivation novel" or "educational novel", which is still used today.
As soon as "The School Years of Wilhelm Meister" was published, it was sought after by early romantics represented by Friedrich Schlegel. They especially appreciated the lyrical elements in Goethe's novels and their love for Mignon and the Harp. The portrayal of two images of the old man. When it comes to the Old Man Harp, great attention must be paid to it. Because this famous saying by Goethe comes from the chant of the old man with the harp, which is Chapter 13 of the second part of "The School Years of Wilhelm Meister". William Meister was wandering the streets troubled and anxious. He wanted to visit the old man with the harp and use the old man's harp to exorcise the demons in his heart. He came to a low-class inn in a remote corner of the small town, climbed the stairs, and walked up to the attic. The sweet sound of the piano suddenly rushed towards him from a small room. It is a touching, weeping song, full of sadness and melancholy:
Who never eats his own bread without tears,
Who never sits on his own bed and cries,
Spends this sad late night ,
He doesn’t know the power of your heaven.
... ...(Page 104 of "William Meister's School Years")
In the sad late night, I sat on the bed and cried, eating my own bread with tears, completing this round of baptism of love and fear, You will know the power of heaven. The so-called life is nothing more than this. Needless to say, this passage sung by Goethe through the mouth of the old man with the harp is the source of "He who has never cried through the night is not enough to speak of life."
Goethe's words are not so much derived from the "Bible Psalms" as they are a response to the apocalypse. The fifth sentence of Chapter 80 of "Bible Psalms" says: "You gave them food with your tears, and gave them plenty of tears to drink."
For mercy and compassion, we must repay it with tears of gratitude, and then understand a truth: no matter what Happiness and resentment, God's arrangements cannot be changed. You must learn to understand what fate has given you. It is always late at night that human beings have a painful understanding of everything they have experienced.
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