Solar power generation is divided into two types: photothermal power generation and photovoltaic power generation. photovoltaic are already familiar to the public, but photothermal is not that well-known. Photothermal is different from photovoltaics, which uses semiconductor materials to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. Photothermal relies on collecting direct sunlight through various mirrors, heating the heat-conducting medium, and then generating high-temperature vapor through heat exchange to promote Steam turbine generates electricity.
Photovoltaic power generation is a power generation method that uses photovoltaic panels to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. The path is light energy → electrical energy.
Photothermal power generation is also called concentrated solar thermal power generation . The path of photothermal power generation is light energy → thermal energy → mechanical energy → electrical energy.
As an important supplement to solar power generation, photothermal directly solves the biggest drawback faced by photovoltaics, that is, power generation cannot be dispatched.
Photovoltaics have long had problems such as unstable output, difficulty in connecting to the grid, and mismatch with electricity demand. In the final analysis, they are all because it is difficult to dispatch the power generated by photovoltaic power stations. Since photovoltaic equipment directly converts solar radiation into electrical energy, the power generation principle determines that the power station cannot peak power output according to downstream power demand. Due to the instability of solar radiation, photovoltaic power stations often face large fluctuations in output power, which brings great difficulties to the photovoltaic grid.
In addition, electrical energy itself is a form of energy that is extremely difficult to store . If the output power is not sent online as soon as possible, it will be wasted. This is the problem of light abandonment that has plagued photovoltaics for many years. Although there is no direct storage technology for electric energy, it has the disadvantage of huge loss and extremely obvious waste. The current mainstream treatment method is to convert photovoltaic output power into other forms and store it (such as hydrogen production), which requires a relatively high technical level and is not low cost. The industry is not mature at present.
But solar thermal power station does not directly use solar radiation to generate electricity. Instead, it first converts it into thermal energy, collects it, and drives a steam turbine to generate electricity by heating water. The biggest feature of this traditional power generation system is that it can adjust the output power of the steam turbine power generation unit according to the needs of the grid load to achieve peak power generation. This makes it much more difficult for photothermal power generation to be connected to the grid than photovoltaics, and it also puts less pressure on the power grid.
At the same time, thermal energy is different from electrical energy. It is a form of energy that is easy to use and simple to store. . Current photothermal power stations can first collect unused thermal energy through the heat storage system and use it when the lighting conditions are insufficient to achieve delayed power generation that is not affected by changes in light intensity, avoiding the need for photovoltaic power stations to run out of power when the sun is gone. The embarrassment of the shutdown. As long as the capacity of the thermal storage system is large enough, the generator set can even achieve continuous power generation for 24 hours.
After talking about the advantages, the disadvantages of photothermal are also obvious, which is the high cost.
According to information from industry insiders, the initial investment cost of solar thermal projects is currently as high as 25,000~35,000/kw, which is 3-4 times that of traditional coal power plants, 3-4 times that of onshore wind power, and 4~4 times that of photovoltaic power plants. 5 times. CSP plants are usually large-scale, which significantly increases the initial investment scale and puts investors under great pressure. Moreover, in the context of photovoltaics that are very mature, with strong policy support and clear prospects, financial institutions lack reasons to invest in the solar thermal industry, which has poor economic returns, high costs in all aspects, and unclear expectations. This further restricts the development of the photothermal industry.
The construction industry chain of photothermal power stations is long and has a strong driving force for the industry. From the perspective of the industrial chain, it includes six major links: preliminary preparation, basic materials, solar thermal equipment manufacturing, power station EPC, power station operation and power transmission and distribution.
Major manufacturers in the domestic CSP industry chain include Shohang Hi-Tech (power station investment and EPC, air-cooling island), 3D Chemical (heat storage island EPC), Shanghai Electric (power station investment and EPC), Aikang Technology (power station investment and EPC), TBEA (power station investment and EPC), Jin Tongling (automobile turbine), Shandong Beichen (steam generator, heat exchanger ), Jinjing Technology (reflector ultra-white glass original film ), Luoyang Glass (original ultra-white glass for reflectors), Jiuli Special Materials (supply of special pipes for photothermal power generation), etc.
#August financial new force# #stock# #finance#
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-