winter and spring are the peak period for influenza. Recently, a news report about a 2-year-old girl who passed away due to influenza complications has refreshed the attention of parents to influenza. A parent asked in a message: "The child caught a cold the next day after receiving the influenza vaccine. What's going on?" "When should the child get the influenza vaccine?" Some people even advocated the theory that the vaccine harmed people. Today, Beichen's mother will have a big popular science for influenza vaccines. Maybe there will be more words, so parents who care about it should read it carefully!
The vaccines mentioned in this article refer to safe and effective vaccines. Here, Beichen Mom will share with you a practical mini program that can check the authenticity and falsehood of the vaccine you have been vaccinated.
1. The most effective way to prevent influenza is to get influenza vaccine.
A large number of global studies and long-term vaccination practices have shown that influenza vaccination can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and flu-related complications in recipients, and can also reduce the risk of influenza transmission to others. The flu vaccine prevents 70% to 90% of flu-specific diseases in healthy adults. Among the elderly, vaccines can reduce serious illness and complications by up to 60%, and death by 80%.
2. What is influenza vaccine
It is used to prevent influenza caused by the influenza virus, referred to as "influenza vaccine". In my country, it is currently a vaccine for to receive at its own expense. There are currently two flu vaccines that can be used in children, inactivated influenza vaccine and live attenuated live vaccine . The inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) is vaccinated by intramuscular injection and can be used in children over 6 months of age. There are two types of vaccines: trivalent and tetravalent vaccines. All vaccines in mainland my country are trivalently inactivated influenza vaccines. The dosage form of tetravalent live attenuated vaccine (LAIV4) has nasal spray, which is inoculated through the nasal cavity to avoid the pain of injections and is suitable for people aged 2-49. This vaccine is only available in Hong Kong, my country for the time being.
3. The best time for influenza vaccination
adhere to one principle - early vaccination and early protection, because after vaccination, mostly starts to play a protective role in 2-4 weeks. October to March of the following year is the flu epidemic season in my country. September to October is the best time for influenza vaccination (as long as it is on the market, hurry up and get vaccinated, and you may be vaccinated by the end of August.)
Currently, influenza vaccines vaccinated in China are inactivated vaccines, and needs to be vaccinated once a year. Because the virus strains that are prevalent influenza may be different every year, the vaccine used in is targeted at for the past year, and a new vaccine is needed in the second year. In addition, because it takes 2-4 weeks to play a protective role after vaccination, and the protection period of is 6 months to 12 months , so even though was the same as the epidemic strain this year, it still needs to be re-vaccinated.
4. Questions about influenza vaccine.
◆ 1. Can a baby get a flu vaccine when he is one year old?
Usually, babies over can start getting influenza vaccination.
On September 21, 2018, the "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccination in China (2018-2019)" jointly prepared by the Technical Working Group of the National Immunization Program of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Influenza Vaccination Working Group was officially released. The new version of the guide suggests: 6-month-5-year-old children , 60-year-old elderly , patients with chronic diseases , medical staff , infants under 36-month-old children and caregivers and pregnant women or women who are preparing to get pregnant during the flu season are preferred for vaccination targets. In principle, the vaccination service unit should provide vaccination services for all people aged ≥6 months who are willing to receive influenza vaccine and have no contraindications in .
Tips:
Although babies over 6 months old can get influenza vaccine, the influenza vaccine vaccination for children under under 3 is another variety. At present, the number of is very small. If you need to make an appointment one month in advance, you may not necessarily get .Therefore, it is recommended that if you have a baby at home and make an appointment for a vaccine under 3 years old, the main caregiver of babies should try to get as much as possible to get more protection!
◆ 2. If children use it, how many doses of influenza vaccines do they need to be given to have enough immunity?
If is under 9 years old and has never received the influenza vaccine, recommends getting 2 doses of influenza vaccine , and the vaccination time of the 2 doses of the vaccine should be at least 4 weeks apart (the interval between 2 times should be ≥ 4 weeks ). As for children under 9 who have received influenza vaccine in the past, only needs to receive one dose of vaccine this year.
◆ 3. Will influenza be caused by injecting influenza vaccine?
Since in the inactivated influenza vaccine contains dead viruses and the virus that deactivated influenza vaccine has also weakened , neither vaccine will cause influenza, but it does not mean that people who are injecting influenza vaccine will not have side effects after vaccination . Before deciding to injection, you should learn more from your doctor.
◆ 4. Will the baby still catch a cold after receiving the flu vaccine?
First of all, the flu vaccine is to prevent influenza, not to prevent common cold . influenza vaccine only prevents the Liuyi Star Cold caused by a certain virus, and the common cold is caused by a variety of viruses and bacteria, and cannot be prevented. People are generally prone to common colds when the weather is hot and hot.
◆ 5. Why do babies catch a cold and fever the next day after getting the flu vaccine?
It is normal to have fever after being vaccinated, and it is an immune response made by our human body. When pathogenic microorganisms enter the baby's body, they will attack the baby's immune system, forcing the baby to produce immune substances.
For example, our human immune system is like a team of multiple military groups working together, including sea, land, air, etc., and after being vaccinated, it is like a team of newly emerging veterans of soldiers who are siegeing the city. Although they are veterans of soldiers, in the face of new enemies, the teams in our bodies still need to integrate and train new troops to fight, and the process of integration and training will inevitably be bumpy, which is the cold and fever that our parents often worry about.
Another situation is . The vaccinated person is in the incubation period of an acute infectious disease and just happened to occur after vaccination. It may also be that the vaccinated person has suffered from a certain disease, but the clinical symptoms are not obvious. After vaccination, the symptoms show obvious or worsen; some chronic patients have symptoms after vaccination. These situations in are collectively called coupling or induction.
So Beichen’s mother is here to talk about the precautions before getting vaccinated: must be vaccinated when the child is healthy! Pay attention to whether the baby has symptoms such as fever, diarrhea, cough, etc., so that when vaccinating the baby, tell the doctor as a reference for whether it can be vaccinated. If the baby is in poor health, you should also consider postponing vaccination. If is a premature baby or is malnourished, it is best not to get vaccinated first, and discuss with the doctor and determine the time for injection. After inoculation, give the baby a rest for about 30 minutes. If the baby has high fever and other adverse reactions, ask the doctor to treat it in time. After is vaccinated, do not let him exercise vigorously in . If the baby has mild fever and loss of appetite, this is normal and will disappear automatically in one to two days. However, if there are abnormal reactions such as high fever, coma, and convulsions, and , and has a strong reaction and lasts for a long time, you should immediately take your baby to the hospital to ask a doctor for treatment.
◆ 6. How to choose trivalent and quadrivalent influenza vaccines?
There are currently two influenza vaccines on the market in the mainland - trivalent and tetravalent influenza vaccines. The difference between the two is that the latter of can prevent one more influenza virus type than the former, which means that it can give the vaccinated more comprehensive protection. It should also be noted that the type of influenza virus that is more prophylactic for quadrivalent vaccine is the type that was prevalent last year's flu outbreak. Therefore, it is best to choose to get the quadrivalent influenza vaccine.
◆ 7. Why are more and more people choosing to go to Hong Kong to get the quadrivalent flu vaccine?
① The supply of quadrivalent influenza vaccines in the mainland is tight.
On the one hand, because of the outbreak of the flu last year, people's awareness of getting influenza vaccines has increased, and relevant departments have also strengthened their attention and control of the epidemic, which has led to an increase in vaccination needs this year;
On the other hand, the vaccine was just approved in the mainland (approved on June 2018), and there is currently only one pharmaceutical factory supply, so the supply volume cannot keep up with people's demand for the time being. Relevant professionals expect that influenza vaccines will be in short supply in the future, and may ease in the second half of next year.
②Hong Kong's quadrivalent influenza vaccine can be used in two types: injection type and nasal spray type.
Overseas research shows that these two types of influenza vaccines have similar results. If you go to Hong Kong to get a quadrivalent influenza vaccine, you can have more options. Nasal spray influenza vaccine can solve the problem of vaccinated people's fear of getting injections.
7. Which type of people are not suitable for influenza vaccination?
➀.People with allergic constitution.
➁. Pregnant women in early pregnancy, etc.
➂. Patients with acute fever disease, patients with chronic disease during acute onset periods, and severe cardiopulmonary insufficiency need to wait until the condition stabilizes before getting vaccinated.
8. If we do not get the flu vaccine and do not want to be troubled by influenza, what do we need to do in our daily lives?
1. First of all, we must maintain personal hygiene, wash our hands before and after meals, and do not use dirty hands to directly contact the mouth, eyes, nose and other parts. You can wear a better air permeability mask outside to prevent airborne and droplet transmission. Avoid staying in places with high traffic for a long time.
2. At home, you can disinfect the room regularly, open the windows 2 to 3 hours a day to ventilate and breathe, so that the air can be convection and keep the indoor air fresh enough.
3. Exercise more to enhance your body's resistance.
4. Maintain adequate sleep so that the body can maintain a certain ability to heal itself, do not stay up late, and have a regular schedule.
5. Nutrition must be comprehensive and balanced.
at the end, I hope everyone can get a safe and effective vaccine.
