Provincial capital cities are an important part of my country's urbanization system and the main direction of population inflow during urbanization. At present, the economic data of provincial capital cities in 2021 have been announced. There are 11 provincial capital cities where GDP has exceeded one trillion yuan mark, and 10 provincial capital cities have the first economic ranking of more than 30%.
Guangzhou, Chengdu and Hangzhou rank among the top three
Data shows that in 2021, among the 27 provincial capital cities, 19 provincial capital cities had GDP exceeding 500 billion yuan, an increase of 2 over the previous year. The two new cities are Taiyuan and Nanning .
Taiyuan ranked 20th in provincial capitals last year, surpassing Guiyang and Nanning this year, and rose to 18th in provincial capitals. In 2021, Taiyuan's absolute GDP increased by 96.8 billion yuan, with an actual growth rate of 9.20%, and the nominal growth rate was as high as 23.3%. Shanxi, where Taiyuan is located, is a major coal province. In the past year, the global price of commodity has generally risen, which has led to the rise of Shanxi's GDP. The GDP of Shanxi cities has also "a big increase in all employees", and the nominal GDP growth rate of all 11 cities has exceeded 20%.
In 2021, there are still 11 provincial capital cities with GDP exceeding one trillion yuan, among which Guangzhou, Chengdu and Hangzhou rank in the top three. As one of the four first-tier cities, Guangzhou is far ahead of the provincial capital cities. Data shows that in 2021, Guangzhou's GDP was 2823.197 billion yuan, with increasing by 8.1% year-on-year, and an average growth of 5.4% in two years.
Last year, the added value of Guangzhou electronics and communication equipment manufacturing, pharmaceutical manufacturing, computer and office equipment manufacturing increased by 34.7%, 23.1% and 14.5% year-on-year respectively. The added value of advanced manufacturing accounts for 65.7% of the added value of large-scale manufacturing industries. The new energy vehicle manufacturing industry continued to maintain a good growth trend, with annual output increasing by 87.9% year-on-year and output value increasing by 63.4% year-on-year.
Executive President of Guangdong Provincial System Reform Research Association Peng Peng analyzed to First Financial that the local epidemic in Guangzhou last year occurred in the first half of the year. After the epidemic, Guangzhou accelerated its progress. Overall, Guangzhou's manufacturing industry was less affected by the epidemic last year. Last year, Guangzhou's new energy vehicle industry developed very well, and emerging industries such as biomedicine were developing very fast, and the momentum of industrial development continued to increase.
After Guangzhou, Chengdu continues to rank second. In 2021, Chengdu achieved GDP of 1991.698 billion yuan, just one step away from the two trillion mark. In 2021, Chengdu implemented a high-tech enterprise cultivation plan, with a net increase of more than 1,600 high-tech enterprises, with a total of 7,800, and the operating income of high-tech industry increased by 13.9%. 11 new , , listed and approved the review, ranking first in the central and western regions.
Hangzhou continues to rank third in the provincial capital with GDP of 1.81 trillion yuan, and Wuhan, fourth place, has 1.77 trillion yuan. The gap between the two is not big, only 39.3 billion yuan. With Wuhan recovering its full recovery, Wuhan may still surpass Hangzhou and return to the third place in the provincial capital in the future.
It is worth noting that at the end of 2021, the permanent population of Wuhan was 13.6489 million, an increase of 1.2012 million from the end of last year, leading the growth among all cities in the country. Professor of Central South University of Finance and Economics Ye Qing Analysis of First Financial Daily, Wuhan was greatly affected by the epidemic in 2020, and many people had not come back when the statistics were conducted in 2020. After the epidemic, especially in 2021, Wuhan's economy was full of blood and a large number of people who were originally outside returned. Not only are people from outside the province returning, but a large number of people in Hubei cities and prefectures also flow to Wuhan.
Nanjing's GDP exceeded 1.6 trillion yuan for the first time, continuing to rank fifth in provincial capitals and tenth in all cities in the country. Changsha exceeded 1.3 trillion for the first time, ranking 6th among provincial capital cities and second among central cities. At the same time, Changsha's advantage of leading Zhengzhou has expanded. In 2021, Changsha led Zhengzhou by 58 billion yuan, an expansion of 44.1 billion yuan over the previous year. One of the main reasons for this is that Zhengzhou suffered from severe floods and epidemic factors last year. In terms of the growth rate of
, considering that the epidemic is greatly affected by the epidemic in 2020, the average GDP growth rate in the past two years is more measurable. Among some provincial capital cities that announced the average growth rate in two years, Haikou, Lhasa, Fuzhou, Hefei, Chengdu, Hangzhou and other cities rank among the top.
Changchun Provincial Capital has the highest first place
In recent years, major provincial capital cities have been working hard to improve their centrality and first place (the proportion of the total economic output in their provinces).Data shows that the top ranks of 10 provincial capitals exceed 30%, namely Changchun, Yinchuan, Xining, Chengdu, Harbin, Xi'an, Lhasa, Wuhan, Haikou and Lanzhou. Among them, Changchun and Yinchuan exceeded 50%, and Changchun ranked first with 53.67%.
In comparison, the first position of four provincial capitals is less than 20%, namely Jinan, Nanjing, Hohhot and Shijiazhuang, with the lowest Jinan being only 13.76%. However, with the merger of Jinan and Laiwu and the construction of a strong provincial capital in recent years, Jinan's first position has been significantly improved.
Under the strategy of strengthening the provincial capital, Jinan's GDP has crossed 5 trillion marks in five years, reaching 1143.22 billion yuan in 2021, and its ranking has increased to 18th in the country. General Public Budget revenue reached 100.76 billion yuan, with an average annual growth of 8.7%, forming a "double trillion" structure of annual GDP growth and fiscal revenue.
Overall, the four provincial capitals with a first-ranking degree below 20% are not the first economic city in their province. For example, Jinan once ranked third in Shandong a few years ago, and has only surpassed Yantai in recent years, ranking second in Shandong, and is still quite different from Qingdao , the number one in Shandong.
Jiangsu, where Nanjing is located, has 13 cities and cities under its jurisdiction, all of which have entered the ranks of the top 100 economic cities in China, with many strong cities. Nanjing once ranked third in the province after Suzhou and Wuxi . Until 2014, Nanjing surpassed Wuxi and rose to second place, but now it is still far from Suzhou, the "strongest prefecture-level city".
Hohhot ranks third in Inner Mongolia after Ordos and Baotou . Shijiazhuang has always been ranked behind Tangshan , the important city of heavy industry, and second in Hebei.
First Financial reporter sorted out the data of the top three cities in total GDP in 27 provinces outside the municipalities directly under the central government, and found that in 2021, only 6 non-provincial capital cities surpassed the provincial capital cities in their provinces. The provincial capital cities that do not live in the largest economic city in the province include Jinan, Nanjing, Hohhot, Shijiazhuang, Shenyang and Guangzhou. Most of these cities have one thing in common, that is, their provinces have dual or multi-centered centers.
Among them, although the first-tier city of Guangzhou is the "strongest provincial capital", Shenzhen under its jurisdiction is also a first-tier city and a sub-provincial city. Shenzhen is also one of the five independent cities in the country, and surpasses the provincial capital of Guangzhou in terms of high-tech industries and financial industries.
Liaoning where Shenyang is located and Shandong where Jinan is located also have a city with independent planning and sub-provincial level. Jiangsu, where Nanjing is located, not only has the "strongest prefecture-level city" Suzhou, but Wuxi and Nantong are also major cities with GDP exceeding one trillion yuan.
There are 21 provincial capitals that are the largest economic cities in their provinces, one more than the previous year, and the new city is Fuzhou. This is also the first time in more than 20 years that Fuzhou surpassed the private economic market Quanzhou , ranking first in Fujian Province.
Associate Professor of Economics, Xiamen University, Ding Changfa analyzed that it was expected that Fuzhou's total GDP surpassed Quanzhou. After the current economy enters a new stage of transformation and upgrading, the advantages of the provincial capital are constantly highlighting. Fuzhou is the political, cultural, educational, medical and other center in the province, and has concentrated the best factor resources in the province. In particular, Fuzhou's transportation basic hub function has become increasingly prominent in recent years. At the same time, Fuzhou's headquarters economy is relatively outstanding and emerging industries are developing relatively well. In contrast, as labor and other production costs rise, the original traditional industries of Quanzhou, a large private economy city, are also facing challenges, and Quanzhou has also been making every effort to transform in recent years. However, in the process of development, Quanzhou still faces many shortcomings and deficiencies.
[Editor: Hu Zehui]
[Source: First Financial Daily]
