Author: After the failure of the Great Revolution, our army launched 8 armed uprisings in one and a half years.
Our army began in the second half of 1927, and successively launched the Nanchang Uprising, , Autumn Harvest Uprising, , Huangma Uprising in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, and Guangzhou Uprising. The following year, the Hunan Uprising, the Sangzhi Uprising, the Pingjiang Uprising, and the Baise Uprising were successively launched.
. Who are the commanders of our army in these eight armed uprisings?
The Nanchang Uprising on August 1, 1927 was commander-in-chief of the 20th Army General He.
Nanchang Uprising was the "first shot" fired by our army and the starting point of the founding of the army. From the later loss of Mr. Lin's failure to become the leader of the Nanchang Uprising, we can see the historical status of the Nanchang Uprising. The leaders at that time were Zhou, He, Ye, Zhu and Liu.
"Zhou" is the former secretary of the committee, Duke Zhou, and one of the very few who first realized that he had independent control of the armed forces. At that time, Duke Zhou had just led the third armed uprising of Shanghai workers. Given Zhou Gong's prestige in the army and the core position of the Nanchang Uprising, it is undisputed to rank first.
"He" is He Long, the commander of the 20th Army. He had not joined the organization at that time and was also the only non-party member of the five leaders. However, CEO He, who was in control of heavy troops, showed firm belief in adversity, so he surpassed Ye Ting, Zhu De and Liu Bocheng to serve as the commander-in-chief of the uprising.
At that time, Ye Ting, deputy commander of the 11th Army and commander of the 24th Division, was the commander-in-chief of the front enemy, Zhu De was the deputy commander of the 9th Army, the commander of the 3rd Officer Training Regiment, and the director of the Nanchang Public Security Bureau. Liu Bocheng, who had just led the Lushun Uprising, was appointed as the chief of staff of the military staff by Zhou Gong's front line.
Martyr He Long
The autumn harvest Uprising on September 9, 1927 was commander-in-chief Lu Deming.
As we all know, the Autumn Harvest Uprising, known as the "second gun" of our army, was personally led by the Commissioner Mao, who proposed the "gun barrel" theory of 87 conference. Being able to cooperate with Commissioner Mao as the commander-in-chief of the Autumn Harvest Uprising shows Lu Deming's status and level.
Lu Deming is from Yibin, Sichuan and has a relatively wealthy family, so he has received a good education since he was a child.
At the age of 19, Lu Deming was admitted to the second phase of Huangpu through Mr. Zhongshan's personal interview. When the Eastern Expedition was attacking Chen Jiongming, Lu Deming was the detective chief of the student army, responsible for disguising himself as a concoct to detect the enemy situation. During the Northern Expedition, he served as company commander in Ye Ting's Independent Regiment and was promoted to battalion commander after the battle of He Shengqiao. After conquering
, Wuchang , Ye Ting's Independent Regiment was reorganized into the 73rd Regiment of the 25th Division of the 4th Army, and Lu Deming served as the chief of staff. Soon after, he was appointed as the head of the guard regiment of the Second Front Army General Command. After the outbreak of the Nanchang Uprising, Lu Deming led more than 2,000 guards to go south, but failed to catch up with the uprising team.
According to the instructions of the superior, Lu Deming participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising and was designated as the commander-in-chief.
The rebel troops were organized into the 1st Division of the 1st Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army. The division commander Yu Sadu ran away when the Jiangxi warlord Zhu Peide came. The deputy division commander Yu Benmin died. Among the four regiment commanders, Zhong Wenzhang's whereabouts were unknown. Wang Xinya left without saying goodbye. Su Xianjun and Qiu Guoxuan rebeled and surrendered to the enemy one after another.
Commander-in-Chief Lu Deming was unfortunately shot and died while covering the transfer of troops at the age of 22.
1937, some people in the Autumn Harvest Uprising were in Yan'an
1927. The commander-in-chief was Pan Zhongru .
"Juma" refers to Huang'an and Macheng in Hubei Province in Hubei, Henan and Anhui. The commander-in-chief of the Huangma Uprising was Pan Zhongru, a native of Huangpi, Hubei, who was only 21 years old. While studying at Wuhan Middle School, Pan Zhongru came into contact with revolutionary ideas from a journal founded by Dong Biwu and others, and wrote an inspirational poem:
Yao Tian Shun's daily events, and the world is rugged and grinding. I am unwilling to be foolish and have plants and trees, and I am willing to transfusion and change the mountains and rivers.
1926, Pan Zhongru joined the organization at the Wuhan Central Military and Political School. The next year, he was sent to Huang'an to lead the peasant self-defense army, and fought against the landlords' Democratic League and the reactionary Red Gun Association . After the outbreak of the Huangma Uprising, Pan Zhongru led more than 10,000 peasant troops to quickly occupy Huang'an County.
The instructor of the 12th enemy army stationed in Songbu raided Huang An. Pan Zhongru was shot and died in a bomb to cover the rebel army's breakout. He was only 21 years old.
The Guangzhou Uprising on December 11, 1927 was commander-in-chief Zhang Tailei.
Guangzhou Uprising was initiated by the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee using the opportunity of the melee between the Guangdong Army Zhang Fakui and the Gui Army Li Jishen, and was led by Guangdong Secretary Zhang Tailei. The main force of the uprising was Ye Jianying's officer teaching regiment, Zhou Wenyong and Xu Xiangqian's peasant self-defense force, with a total of more than 5,000 people.
The rebel army quickly occupied Guangzhou City and established the General Command of the Uprising Army. The military commander-in-chief was Ye Ting, who participated in the Nanchang Uprising, and the deputy commander-in-chief was Ye Jianying and Chief of Staff Xu Guangying. Under the crazy counterattack of the enemy, the rebel army was forced to disperse and break through. The commander-in-chief of the uprising Zhang Tailei died at the age of 29.
After the failure of the uprising, Ye Ting, commander-in-chief of the uprising army, wandered overseas for 10 years, and returned to serve as the commander of the New Fourth Army at the end of 1937.
Zhang Tailei
The commander-in-chief of the Hunan Uprising on January 12, 1928 was General Zhu.
The Hunan Uprising is also called the New Year's Eve riot. It was initiated by more than 800 people from the remaining troops of the Nanchang Uprising, including General Zhu, Chen Yi, , Wang Erzhuo, etc., and more than 10,000 peasant troops in southern Hunan. The commander-in-chief of the uprising army was Mr. Zhu, the commander of the 9th Army of the Nanchang Uprising. After the uprising, the 1st Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army was established.
Commander Zhu, Party Representative Chen Yi, Chief of Staff Wang Erzhuo. The rebel army quickly occupied Yichang and established organizations in Chenzhou , Leiyang , Zixing , Yongxing and other counties. However, because the Hunan Special Committee mistakenly implemented the policy of burning and killing, the fire of the uprising was soon extinguished by Xu Kexiang, the 3rd Division.
Fortunately, when the 1st Division of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army was in crisis, Commissioner Mao sent He Changgong and Mao Zetan to contact them. Then, the Hunan Uprising Force and Hunan Peasants' Army, led by General Zhu and Chen Yi, went to Jinggangshan to meet with the Qiuhu Uprising Force.
The Sang Zhi Uprising on April 2, 1928 was head of General He. This is his second time as the commander-in-chief of the uprising. After the failure of the Autumn Harvest Uprising and the Guangzhou Uprising, the superior organization planned the second round of armed riots. This time, the areas of the uprising were in Hunan and Hubei areas of the two lakes. After many special research, the location of the riot was clearly located in western Hunan and Hubei areas at the junction of the two lakes and Sichuan.
At this time, General He, who secretly returned to Shanghai through Hong Kong Island after the failure of the Nanchang Uprising, also repeatedly asked to return to his hometown to rebuild the armed forces. This coincides with the superiors, so the Hunan Northwest Special Committee was established, with secretary Guo Liang (Later Zhou Yiqun), and members He Long, Zhou Yiqun, Liu Zhixun, and Xu Teli.
1928 On February 28, 1928, Zhou Yiqun, He Long, and Lu Dongsheng arrived at Hongjiaguan, Sangzhi through Wuhan. With the influence of President He, an armed force of more than 3,700 people was quickly organized. On the eve of Qingming Festival, the Northwest Hunan Special Committee announced the establishment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, and He Long served as the commander.
South Hunan Uprising (stills)
The Pingjiang Uprising on July 22, 1928, was commander-in-chief of Peng Dehuai.
The leaders of the uprising include Peng Dehuai, Teng Daiyuan, Huang Gongluo, Deng Ping and He Guozhong , among which Peng Dehuai was the commander of the 1st Regiment of the 5th Independent Division of the Hunan Army (in Pingjiang County ), Teng Daiyuan was the secretary of the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Border Special Committee, and Huang Gongluo was the battalion commander of the 3rd Battalion of the 3rd Regiment (in Chiayi Town, Pingjiang County).
Deng Ping was organized to do military transport work in the 1st Regiment, and He Guozhong was the acting principal of the 5th Division's Battalion School (located in Yueyang ).
The uprising troops were reorganized into the Red 5th Army, with Peng Dehuai as the commander, Teng Daiyuan as the party representative, Huang Gonglue as the member, and Deng Ping as the chief of staff. Huang Gongluo led the 2nd Column to stay in Pingjiang, Liuyang, insisted on guerrilla warfare, , Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan led the main force of the Red 5th Army to advance into Jinggangshan and met with Zhu Maohong's 4th Army.
The Baise Uprising on December 11, 1929 was commander-in-chief of Li Mingrui.
Li Mingrui
Guangxi Armed Uprising consists of the Baise Uprising (Youjiang Riot) and the Longzhou Uprising (Zuojiang Riot).The leaders of the Baise Uprising were Deng Bin, the commander of the Red 7th Army Zhang Yunyi, Lei Jingtian, Wei Baqun, etc., and the leaders of the Longzhou Uprising were the commander of the Red 8th Army Yu Zuoyu , He Shichang, Wan Danping and others.
Deng Bin is the general political commissar of the Red 7th Army and the Red 8th Army, and the commander-in-chief of the rebel army is Li Mingrui, a famous general of the Northern Expedition.
Li Mingrui is from Beiliu, Guangxi. At the age of 24, he was introduced by his cousins Yu Zuobai and Lin Hu to the first phase of the Dian Army Lecture Hall in Shaozhou. During this period, he was influenced by Li Dazhao's " New Youth " and accepted progressive ideas. After graduating from the martial arts lecture hall, he joined the platoon leader of Lin Hu's headquarters in the 2nd Army of the Yuan Dynasty.
During the Northern Expedition, Li Mingrui was promoted from the 7th Army brigade commander to deputy commander and became a famous general of the Northern Expedition. After the Baise Uprising and the Longzhou Uprising, Li Mingrui, Zhang Yunyi and others led the Guangxi Uprising Army to travel more than 7,000 miles into the Jiangxi Soviet Area. Unfortunately, he was mistakenly killed in October 1931 at the age of 35.
7 commanders of the eight armed uprisings of our army (He Long alone served as the commander-in-chief of the two uprisings of the Nanchang Uprising and the Sangzhi Uprising), of which 4 of them were Lu Deming, Pan Zhongru, Zhang Tailei and Li Mingrui died, and the surviving Chief He, Chief Zhu and General Peng all became the founders of our army and were awarded the rank of marshal in September 1955.
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