According to the Shanghai epidemic prevention and control press conference on April 26, 1,941 local confirmed cases were discharged from hospital in the city yesterday, and 12,871 asymptomatic infections were released from centralized isolation and medical observation. After a large number of citizens "out of the cabin" and return home, how to do a good job in the final disinfection of their families will be an important part of consolidating the results of epidemic prevention. Before resuming production and business operations, merchants along the street must first do a good job in disinfection.
How to do a good job in terminal disinfection of homes?
Terminal disinfection refers to a thorough disinfection of the epidemic point after the source of infection leaves the epidemic point or terminates the infection state. The purpose is to completely eliminate the surviving pathogens spread by the patients and left in the living room and various objects, making the epidemic point harmless.
Since the viral survival may occur in the residence environment of positively infected people, the viruses in refrigerators, freezers, cloakrooms, bathrooms, etc. often last longer. If effective terminal disinfection is not carried out, it may lead to infection of people entering the residence and cause the spread of the virus. Therefore, it is necessary to actively cooperate with professionals to carry out terminal disinfection of the home.
In order to properly carry out the home terminal disinfection work, residents should communicate with staff before terminal disinfection work and inform the house of items that are sensitive to disinfectants or items that need special protection, so that disinfectants can choose more targeted disinfection methods during disinfection. During the disinfection operation, community workers and others must supervise the entire process on site.
Recovered people should take a shower and change their clothes as soon as possible when returning home, and place their luggage and items in a ventilated place on the balcony. Since the residence has been finalized, after returning home, you only need to clean the home more comprehensively and pay attention to the daily disinfection of items.
It should be noted that doing a good job in terminal disinfection is an important measure for the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic, and implementing epidemic prevention and control measures is the legal obligation of citizens. For violations of epidemic prevention and control measures, relevant departments will deal with them in accordance with laws and regulations on the prevention and control of infectious diseases and emergency response to public health incidents.
Home disinfection 30 Questions:
1. What are the key points of daily disinfection at home?
Home disinfection should be mainly cleanliness and supplemented by disinfection. Disinfection does not require disinfectants. Physical disinfection methods such as sun exposure and heat should be used at home.
should disinfect key links and objects, such as catering utensils, express delivery, door handles, etc.
disinfectant should be prepared according to the instructions, according to the different disinfection objects, and carried out in an appropriate disinfection method.
Take personal protection when disinfecting. You need to wear a mask and gloves to prepare disinfectants, and perform them in a well-ventilated environment. The prepared disinfectants should be used as soon as possible.
2. How to disinfect indoor air?
is enough to open the windows for ventilation. It is recommended to open the windows continuously. If they cannot be sustained, open the windows at least once in the afternoon every day, for more than 30 minutes each time.
If the window cannot be opened for ventilation or poor ventilation, mechanical ventilation methods such as electric fans and exhaust fans can be used to introduce fresh outdoor air as much as possible.
3. How to disinfect household items?
Commonly used small items such as mobile phones, remote controls, mouse, door handles, faucets, various buttons, etc. can be wiped and disinfected with 70%-80% alcohol cotton balls or disinfectant wipes.
Objects with larger areas such as desktops and floors can be sprayed, wiped or dragged to disinfection with 500mg/L of effective chlorine (bromide). Clothing, bedding and other fabrics can be exposed to the sun for 4-6 hours (care should be paid to turn over so that both the front and back sides can be sunburned), and generally do not require special disinfection.
The sink and toilet can be disinfected regularly with chlorine-containing disinfectant.
4. How to disinfect tableware?
is the first choice to boil and disinfect for 15-30 minutes, or to disinfect steam for 30 minutes, or to use a tableware disinfection cabinet to operate according to the instructions. You can also use 250-500mg/L chlorine (bromide) disinfectant to soak for 30 minutes and then wash with clean water.
It should be noted that the time for boiling and disinfecting or circulating steam should be calculated from boiling and steam injection, rather than starting heating time. When disinfecting the circulating steam, there should be spaces in the tableware and should not be placed closely to avoid affecting the disinfection effect. Soaking and disinfecting should ensure that the tableware is completely immersed. If new tableware is placed, the time will be recalculated. To ensure the disinfection effect, cleaning should be done before disinfection to remove pollution visible to the naked eye.
5. How to disinfect garbage?
For household and other community garbage, if there is no clear contamination of positive infections, it can be classified and discarded as domestic waste, and there is no need to disinfect the garbage.
If you suspect contamination, spray 10,000-20,000 mg/L of chlorine (bromide) disinfectant on the garbage for 60 minutes; spray 1000-2,000 mg/L of chlorine (bromide) disinfectant on the garbage packaging bag for 30 minutes; spray 1000-2,000 mg/L of chlorine (bromide) disinfectant on the garbage can (recommended to have a lid) for 30 minutes.
6. How to disinfect meat and egg foods?
Meat does not need to be disinfected, soak it and wash it several times.
Eggs are placed in a refrigerated or cool place. Before cooking, the egg shells must be cleaned.
7. How to disinfect the purchased vegetables?
Be careful to wear a mask when collecting vegetables and organizing them. You can also use rubber gloves.
Vegetables (potatoes, radishes, onions, etc.) that are not prone to dehydration and spoilage can be ventilated on the balcony for a period of time.
Vegetables that are prone to dehydration and spoilage (greens, garlic sprouts, bean sprouts, etc.) can be rinsed, soaked and washed at a slow water flow, drained and stored.
8. Do frozen foods need to be disinfected?
When receiving the goods, the outer packaging of frozen food can be disinfected. The surface can be washed slowly before cooking, and there is no need to disinfect the food inside.
9, how to disinfect the outer packaging of rice, flour, grain, oil, etc.
m flour, grain and oil are generally produced automatically, and the chance of being contaminated is extremely small. Just disinfect the outer packaging of rice, flour, grain and oil you bought home. If you do not eat it immediately, you can keep it in a ventilated place for a period of time.
10. How to choose disinfectants for families?
should be selected reasonably according to the disinfection object. The more expensive the better. Usually, the more expensive the disinfectant on the market is often under the indicated disinfection method and purpose, and the adverse reactions are relatively small, and it does not necessarily mean that the disinfection effect is the best.
If you use less disinfectant every day, it is generally recommended to choose to buy small packages. It is not recommended to purchase large packages of disinfectants, nor is it recommended to use after dispensing the disinfectant. Large-packaged disinfectants can easily cause contamination of disinfectants when they are packed by themselves, and disinfectants are generally volatile. If they are used for a long time after opening the bottle, the concentration of disinfectants will be reduced. If it is really necessary to dispensate after it is prepared into disinfectant, markings should be made to avoid misuse and use it, and use it up as soon as possible.
11. How to use disinfectant correctly?
In order to achieve the disinfection effect, the disinfection concentration, disinfection time and disinfectant usage should be ensured. When using disinfectants, appropriate concentrations should be prepared according to different disinfection objects according to the instructions and appropriate disinfection methods should be carried out.
Try to clean first and then disinfect. If it is difficult to clean or there is a risk of cleaning, the disinfection concentration should be increased (usually doubled). Do not use disinfectants at the same time as other chemical products. Personal protection should be taken during disinfection.
12. How to use alcohol disinfectants (such as 75% alcohol, alcohol-containing hand disinfectants)?
(1) Hand disinfection: spray evenly or rub and rub the hands 1-2 times.
(2) Skin disinfection: Apply the skin surface 1-2 times.
(3) Surface disinfection of small items (such as mobile phones, keys, door cards, etc.): Wipe the surface of the object 1-2 times.
It is necessary to pay attention to: Use with caution if you are allergic to alcohol; do not spray on a large area to prevent combustion and other accidents; it should be stored in a cool and light-proof place.
13. How to use chlorine-containing disinfectants (such as 84 disinfectants, etc.)?
(1) Take good protection: wear masks, gloves, and a waterproof apron to choose a good ventilation environment.
(2) Prepare effective concentration: Pay attention to the content of the active ingredient. Take 84 disinfectant with a concentration of 5% of the active ingredient as an example. 1 liter of water and 10 ml of disinfectant, and prepare it into a disinfectant with a concentration of 500mg/L.
(3) Disinfection: wipe the surface of tables and chairs, spray and drag the ground.
(4) Remove residue: If necessary, wipe it with a clean water rag to remove residue from disinfectant.
disinfectant needs to have a certain amount of time to be effective. It cannot be wiped off just after use. Please read the product instructions carefully when the specific time of operation.
84 Disinfectant cannot be mixed with other detergents, otherwise chlorine will be produced and harmful to your health.
14. The higher the concentration of disinfectant, the better?
should be diluted according to the product instructions and used. The high-concentration disinfectant is relatively corrosive and irritating, and the workload of removing residues will also increase.
15. Can expired disinfectants still be used?
is not recommended. Expired disinfectants may be reduced due to evaporation of active ingredients and reduced concentration. When no other disinfectant is available, it can also be used in emergency use and appropriately increase the dosage or disinfection time.
16. What is the validity period of the prepared disinfectant?
Commonly used disinfectants that need to be prepared mainly refer to chlorine (bromide)-containing disinfectants, such as 84 disinfectants, which are generally used now. It is recommended to keep it for more than 24 hours after preparation and use it as soon as possible. As time goes by, the active ingredients will evaporate and the disinfection effect will decrease.
17. Can I spray vegetables and fruits with disinfectants?
Generally speaking, the outer packaging of vegetables and fruits can be sprayed with disinfectants to reduce risks. For fruits and vegetables, only clean them. Do not use chemical disinfectants to disinfect them, so as not to affect food safety and taste. If
is indeed necessary for disinfection, you can use a disinfectant with a registered fruit and vegetable product. Soak it in the concentration according to the instructions for 10-30 minutes, and rinse it with clean water to remove the residual disinfectant.
18. Can you spray clothes with disinfectant?
Under normal circumstances, the probability of carrying the new coronavirus in a personal coat is relatively small; secondly, setting up pedestrian disinfection channels and other methods to directly spray the human body with chemical disinfectant, because the spraying time is too short and the amount is too small, so it cannot have a disinfection effect.
19. Can disinfectant spray air?
The probability of positive virus in outdoor air is very slim, because even if aerosols containing viruses appear outdoors, the circulating air will quickly decompose and dilute it, and it is almost infectious. In addition, spraying and disinfecting outdoors cannot meet the amount of disinfectant used and disinfection time required for disinfection.
20. The elderly and children have poor resistance. Can they use humidifiers to spray disinfectant in their rooms to continuously kill the new coronavirus?
spray disinfectant on the humidifier on the one hand, the disinfection effect is difficult to ensure. On the other hand, the respiratory tract of the elderly and children is sensitive and fragile, and is easily damaged by disinfectants, such as respiratory irritation, burns and sensitization. Chemical disinfectants should not be sprayed in the case of someone.
21. How to disinfect after going out and testing nucleic acids?
gently take off the jacket and hang it in a ventilated position;
take off the mask, if you need to use it again, it should be hung in a dry and ventilated place;
clean your hands in time with "soap/hand sanitizer + flowing water";
take off the shoes at the door, and the upper can be wiped with disinfectant wipes;
mobile phones, keys and other personal belongings, wipe with 75% alcohol cotton balls or disinfectant wipes.
If you have the conditions, you can distinguish between "polluted areas" and "clean areas" at home, and leave the clothes and shoes you come back from going out in the "polluted areas".
22. How to disinfect group purchases and express delivery items? When picking up the goods, wear a mask and gloves and take contactless delivery. The outer packaging of the items can be wiped and disinfected with disinfectant spray or disinfectant wipes, and left for 10-30 minutes. Keep cartons, packaging bags, etc. outside the door and put them in the trash can. Fresh foods can be rinsed with slow water flow or soaked to clean and dry. After the treatment of
is completed, clean your hands with "soap/hand sanitizer + running water" in time according to the "seven-step hand washing method".
23. What are the dangers of excessive disinfection?
Home disinfection should not be excessive. Over-disinfection will lead to a significant reduction in bacteria in normal living environments, which will inadequate immune stimulation to the human body, and will easily get sick; it may cause microecological environment disorders and the production of super bacteria; it may easily induce body allergies; it may also damage the skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tracts, and even cause poisoning.
24. The neighbor living in the same building was diagnosed with the new coronavirus. How should we disinfect it at home?
Viral infection is conditional, and causing infection to the body must be exposed to a certain number of viruses. There is currently no evidence that viruses in the air can cause infection at very low concentrations. If a neighbor in the same building is diagnosed with infection, it is most important for us to keep the room clean, tidy and ventilate at home, so as not to let the virus have a hiding place.
Disinfection is the first choice for physical disinfection. You can choose to expose the clothes and quilts, boil tableware and natural ventilation. If chemical disinfection is needed, it is mainly for items brought to the home from outside. The outer packaging can be wiped or sprayed with a low-concentration disinfectant (250mg/L-500mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant). The items in the packaging can be placed in a ventilated place for 30 minutes before processing. If other items in the household are disinfected with disinfectant, please remember to wipe them with clean water after reaching the 30-minute action time.
25. The neighbor in the building is "sunny". Can the toilet exhaust fan still be turned on?
When the toilet exhaust fan is turned on, the air from the indoor bathroom is directly discharged into the outdoor or a unified exhaust duct (the bathroom without direct external windows) and then discharged. The airflow from neighbors in the building will not be introduced into the home's own room. Therefore, not only do not turn off the exhaust fan, but also keep turning on the exhaust air as much as possible.
26. Do the toilet need to be disinfected every time you use it?
is generally not needed in the family. Normally, the aerosol produced by toilet flushing will not spread across floors and is unlikely to spread the virus. However, for hygiene reasons, it is recommended that citizens cover the toilet first and then flush after using it. Human excrement contains many pathogens. Covering the toilet lid can prevent the pathogen from being swept into the air by the air pressure formed by the water flow when flushing, polluting the bathroom environment and causing human diseases.
27. The neighbors in the building were diagnosed with the new coronavirus. Will the virus go to my home along the sewer?
As long as the airflow in the sewer between neighbors in residential buildings is not connected, the risk of transmission through the sewer is extremely low. Therefore, it is recommended that you check all sewer pipes in your home, such as kitchen sinks, bathroom basins, washing machine drain pipes, balcony basins, etc. If the drain pipes (especially hoses) and the floor drain are not sealed, you can use silicone and other materials to seal them. If there is no silicone, tape is also available. Add water to the floor drain near the toilet (non-shower room) regularly (3-7 days). After each use of the washbasin, cover the flip-type drain cover, and keep the pull-type closed, leaving a small amount of water in the washbasin.
28. How to disinfect positively infected people at home? After a positive infection occurs in
community, it may cause pollution to the surrounding environment. According to the relevant requirements of the country and the city’s new coronary pneumonia prevention and control work, after a positive infection is found, disinfection measures should be taken in time to take place in the home environment and activity trajectory.
should be thoroughly disinfected as soon as possible in the home environment, especially where positive infections have been exposed. After washing the tableware, you can use a tableware disinfection cabinet or boil it to disinfect. The surface of the object can be wiped and disinfected, the floor can be wiped and disinfected, towels and other fabrics can be soaked with chemical disinfectant, and electronic products can be wiped and disinfected with alcohol cotton balls and disinfectant wipes. If you are worried that the disinfectant is corrosive to furniture, you can wipe it with clean water after half an hour of disinfection.
29. How to disinfect the building where the positive infection is located?
disinfects the buildings of positively infected people, focusing on the places where positively infected people have passed and contacted, including elevator buttons, handrails, access control call buttons, etc., mainly using spray disinfection methods.
30. How to disinfect the public areas of the community where the positive infection is located?
should focus on indoor places where positive infections have visited and passed by and the surfaces of items they have been in contact with, and take targeted disinfection measures. Special reminder is that there is no need to disinfect the greening, roads, and walls of the community on a large scale to avoid unnecessary damage to the community environment.
What are the precautions for disinfecting street merchants?
During business, window ventilation should be strengthened. For poor ventilation, electric fans, exhaust fans and other mechanical ventilation methods should be used to strengthen ventilation.
Strengthen the environmental cleaning and disinfection of supermarkets and shops. The surfaces of items, desktops, countertops, etc. can be wiped and disinfected with 500mg/L chlorine (bromide) disinfectant or other disinfectant.
Check the validity period when using other disinfectants. Please refer to the instructions for specific usage concentration and method.
It is recommended to place hand sanitizer at the doors of each shop and supermarket. Customers should hygienize their hands before entering the door, and staff should also strengthen hand hygiene in daily life.
Before entering the commercial supermarket goods and express delivery, the surface of the object must be disinfected. After disinfection, let it stand for 30 minutes and wait for disinfection to be completed.
Daily strengthening the disinfection of garbage cans and the removal of garbage. 1000mg/L chlorine (bromine) disinfectant cans can be sprayed or wiped and disinfected.
(reprinted from: Shanghai Health Science Popularization Resource Library)
Source: Oriental Network
