Generally, thyroid nodules are complicated by various thyroid diseases, such as thyroiditis, simple goiter or thyroid tumors. Thyroid nodules are single or multiple, and are also benign and malignant. Thyroid nodules generally do not have any changes in their function, and hormon

General thyroid nodules are complicated by various thyroid diseases , such as thyroiditis , simple goiter or thyroid tumors, etc. Thyroid nodules are single or multiple, and are also benign and malignant. Thyroid nodules generally do not have any changes in their function, and hormone metabolism is normal. Only a few people will have secondary hyperthyroidism. Some people think that thyroid nodules are caused by eating too much iodized salt. In fact, this is not the case. It is related to the following four habits. What are the habits of

to induce thyroid nodules?

, smoking

cigarettes contain thousands of compounds and hundreds of harmful substances. Whether it is active smoking, second-hand smoke or third-hand smoke , it will cause harm to the lungs and thyroid , and can easily induce thyroid nodules.

, long-term exposure to radiation sources and radiation sources

actually has a lot of radiation in life, such as mobile phones, set-top boxes, refrigerators or operating induction cookers. Prolonged exposure to radiation sources and radiation sources can damage the thyroid gland and increase the risk of thyroid nodules.

, emotional malfunction

Anger, anxiety or depression for a long time will cause Qi to become stagnant, liver qi will lose regulation, body fluids will accumulate into phlegm and accumulate in the thyroid area, and over time, thyroid nodules or hard lumps will form.

, palpation

The thyroid nodules of some patients can be touched directly with hands, or there are abnormal tissues raised on the neck. During the examination, the doctor will touch the lump with his hands as the patient swallows, and sense whether the lump follows the thyroid. Generally, nodules can move with the thyroid according to the swallowing movement.

, ultrasound examination

thyroid ultrasound examination can clarify the location, number and size of the nodules, understand whether the patient is cleared, and can also assist in the diagnosis of thyroid malignant tumors. Pay attention to these 4 examination reports in ultrasound, which may be malignant. First, the morphological rules and boundaries are unclear, but this is not unique to malignant; second, aspect ratio 1, that is, the ratio of the anterior and posterior diameter of the nodule to the left and right diameters of 1; third, low or extremely low echo level means that the lesion echo is lower than the thyroid tissue, and extremely low echo means that the lesion echo is lower than the adjacent neck muscles; fourth, point-shaped calcification, different size and shape, accompanied by sound shadow or not. If there are two or more characteristics, the possibility of malignancy should be considered. Generally, it is necessary to collect medical history and physical examination, and evaluate based on thyroid hormone and thyroid ultrasound. If necessary, ultrasound imaging or fine needle aspiration cytology examination is required to confirm the diagnosis.

Warm reminder

If the diameter of the thyroid nodule is greater than 5 cm and there are symptoms of compression, such as hoarseness or dysphagia , etc., it needs to be surgically removed; if it is a malignant nodule, the color ultrasound shows that the nodule is a substantial mass, the boundary is unclear, the blood flow is rich and accompanied by lymph node metastasis, it is very likely that thyroid cancer , and it should also be removed immediately; some nodules are abnormal with thyroid function, if it is combined with hyperthyroidism, it should be removed surgically, which can restore normal thyroid function and can also eliminate the nodules. You should maintain a good attitude and manage your emotions well; maintain a regular routine, avoid overworking, and not stay up late, and have a physical examination at least once a year. Stay away from harmful and toxic substances, and wear a mask or radiation-proof suit if necessary.

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Family Doctor Online Special Article, no reprint without authorization

Reference materials:

1. "The "root" of thyroid nodules is revealed, not iodized salt, 4 bad habits should be taken seriously! 》, Dr. Xiaosi, 02-26

2, "One picture to understand "physical examination abnormalities": Thyroid nodules, 4 words on the report list are very dangerous", Life Times, 2020-12-30