Nowadays, with the development of the automobile industry, wiper technology has been very mature, but this indispensable device when driving on rainy days is not innate. From the time when the first Hyundai car was born in 1885 to the early 20th century, there were no wipers on the car. The driver had to open the windows when driving in a rainy day. Because he could not see the road conditions clearly, accidents often occurred.
Wire wipers originate
There are currently two statements about the origin of wipers. One is: In 1903, a woman named Mary Anderson invented the earliest manual wiper. This kind of wiper requires the driver to turn the wiper to wipe the glass while driving. The earliest wipers powered by electricity were invented by another woman named Charlotte Bridgeford, but they have not been mass-produced. It was not until 1923 that Hyundai wipers were officially installed on cars, and its final invention rights were obtained by Bosch, and 1927 was used as the official invention time.
Another theory is that J. R. Oishei, chairman of TRICO, the United States, injured a teenager on a rainy night in , New York, Buffalo. In order to prevent such accidents, he invented a manual wiper with a groove-shaped rubber strip on a metal rod. However, for manual transmission cars at that time, it was also dangerous to shake the wiper while driving. So he created a pump-style wiper powered by a vacuum pump, but this kind of wiper will stop when traffic jams or stops. Later, in 1917, he successfully manufactured modern wipers with motor-powered wiper links.
The birth of intermittent wipers
More than 50 years ago, even the highest-end car wipers had only two gears: one for showers and the other for heavy rain. If they encounter drizzle, they will keep blowing on the front windshield, disrupting the driver's vision. Later, an American named Bob Kearns drove in the rain. He had to concentrate on seeing the road clearly because a champagne bottle jammed into his left eye. At that time, the inspiration came: Why can't the wipers move like eyelashes? So the idea of inventing intermittent wipers was born.
[Movie " Genius Flash " is also known as " Inspiration ", "Wire Wiper Legend"]
[Movie "Genius Flash" Stills]
The movie "Genius Flash" is adapted from the real story of Bob Kearns. After the hero Robert Kerns invented the intermittent wiper in 1963, his patent was stolen by Ford Motor Company . For more than 20 years since then, he has devoted himself to lawsuits to defend patent rights, involving many automotive giants such as Ford, Chrysler , General Motors, and Mercedes-Benz . During this period, his family was broken and he was even locked up in a mental hospital. Finally, with unremitting efforts, he won the lawsuit and received $10 million in compensation.
Inductive automatic wiper system
In addition to the above intermittent wiper, many models are currently equipped with inductive automatic wiper systems, which can automatically adjust the speed of the wiper swing according to the amount of rain. A rain sensor is added to such a wiper system, which uses the scattering of light in glass and raindrops to judge the amount of rainwater on the glass by the intensity reflected back by the light.
Wire wiper movement form
For double-arm wipers, there are usually three forms of movement, namely parallel, opposite and cross. Single-arm wipers are currently rarely used and generally appear in some small cars.
wiper structure
1. The transmission mechanism consists of a reduction gear and a connecting rod mechanism. The reduction gear is an worm gear and worm mechanism. It can increase the torque output by the motor by reducing the rotation speed, and the connecting rod mechanism can convert the rotational movement into the swing movement of the wiper arm.
2. The quiet switch is also a very important component in the wiper system. It can ensure that after the wiper is turned off, the wiper arm can still return to its original position, that is, the edge position of the glass, avoiding hindering the driver's line of sight.
3. Currently, most models use intermittent wipers, using rotary comprehensive wiper switches. When pulling the operating lever toward the driver, no matter where the wiper arm is, the water spray motor will be started and the glass water will be sprayed out; when pushing the operating lever upward, it will be scraped once; when pushing the operating lever downward, the first gear is an intermittent gear, which can cause the wiper arm to swing intermittently (the intermittent time is adjusted by the knob on the operating lever), the second gear is a low speed gear, and the third gear is a high speed gear.
4. The wiper arm is connected to the connecting rod mechanism drive shaft through fixing screws, locking nuts, etc., and performs a swing motion. The wiper blade is fixed to the end of the wiper arm to perform the work of cleaning the windshield.
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