[PConline Miscellaneous Talk] High threshold, many parameters, and difficult to get started. Nowadays, young people are all rushing to play with their high-end style, which makes DIY seem a bit unacceptable. Of course, the younger generation pushes the older generation, and the y

[PConline Chat] has high threshold, many parameters, and difficult to get started. Nowadays, young people are all rushing to play with their high-end style, which makes DIY seem a bit unacceptable. Of course, the younger generation pushes the older generation, and the younger generation is always born in the lower age group, but the base is definitely much smaller than 10 years ago. However, the advertisements everywhere and the ubiquitous JS can easily make the younger generation inseparable from black and white. One of the obvious manifestations is the interpretation of hardware parameters.

10 had a CPU of 3.8GHz, but 10 years later, the CPU of 3.8GHz is still active in the high-end market. So has Moore's Law failed? . It can be seen that how to interpret parameters and how to understand parameters is an important stage for Xiaobai to advance, and it is also a process of independent thinking without a teacher. Today, we will briefly list some hardware parameters that are not very meaningful but are too important to see if you are shot?

Can’t you understand the flowers in the fog? Talking about the parameters that Xiaobai is easily misled

, CPU: "i3 silent seconds full" thinking

I believe DIY players have heard of the "i3 silent seconds full" meme, of course, this meme has failed as time goes by i3 evolves slowly. But it can also be seen that Intel has advantages in CPU performance, and this advantage is reflected in the architecture. So, architecture determines everything about the CPU. So, are other important CPU specifications worth paying attention to?

Frequency

Athlon XP 2000+, the actual frequency is not 2000MHz, but Intel's 2Ghz CPU

Before the importance of architecture optimization, hidden BOSS was mined, the frequency was unanimously considered to be the most important specification of the CPU. The CPU back then directly used frequency to represent the model. But when AMD launched a large-scale PR value instead of frequency to name it in 2001, the argument that frequency determines performance has begun to be suspected.

Who has strong performance from 3.8GHz ten years ago and 3.5Ghz ten years later?

With the bankruptcy of the Intel Tejas plan, the single-core era ended, and the frequency theory became history. From the Pentium 4 570 10 years ago to the 4GHz Core i74790K 10 years ago, the frequency has not improved, but the latter's performance is N times ahead, while also making the 5GHz AMD CPU full of teeth. All of these are manifestations of the advantages and disadvantages of the architecture.

Xiaobai: What? Frequency does not determine performance? Let’s do a few questions and calm down...

Nowadays, with the deepening of turbo frequency technology, the concept of frequency has gradually faded. Therefore, when we choose a CPU, we cannot only look at the frequency. The effect of frequency is only reflected in the narrow comparison of the same generation and series of products, which is not as intuitive as the model comparison.

core number

multi-core era started in 2005. After the application optimization of multi-threading, multi-core CPUs dominate the CPU field. So there is a argument that only core numbers appear in the market.

Octa-core FX8300 cannot beat the quad-core i5-4590. That's it at that time

But the problem arises, is AMD's octa-core CPU necessarily stronger than Intel's quad-core CPU? This question has already been answered for DIY players who have a little understanding of it. No matter how many cores there are, it will be useless if the architecture is not good. Yes, we are still talking about the importance of architecture. Furthermore, with more cores, power consumption will not be easy to control.

Currently, the mainstream quad core is not unreasonable

Therefore, we do not need to be brainwashed by JS's core-only number theory. The current positioning and core-only number boundary are clearly distinguished. The ones below Core i5 are dual-core, the ones above are quad-core, and the mainstream AMD is all quad-core or above.If the novice doesn't understand the results and look at the price comparison system, you can clarify the gap between different core numbers of CPUs in different brands.

cache

cache function is similar to memory, so the larger the capacity, the better. When the data throughput is large, the advantage of large-capacity cache is reflected. Currently, the CPU cache is integrated in DIE, so the speed is synchronized with the CPU frequency.

The CPU cache capacity on the left is much smaller than the right one, but everyone knows about performance

. Since the CPU cache capacity is larger, the better, can we tell the advantages and disadvantages of the CPU just by looking at the cache comparison? uncertain. If you carefully compare the cache capacity of the Core i7 processor in the figure above and the cache capacity of AMD FX8300, it can be said that the i7 has failed in capacity, but its actual performance is instantly defeated by its opponents. Back then, many JS used cache capacity as a reason to black money.

cache is as good as a beauty, but it is not good to jump out of a flower (comparison of different CPUs)

Therefore, due to different principles, the CPU cache capacity of different brands is not comparable. Although the cache is more good, the comparison is limited to the comparison of CPUs of the same generation. Novices remember this.

Summary: In terms of CPU, we summarized three parameters that Xiaobai is easily misled. Architecture is the dominant factor in CPU performance. As for frequency, number of cores, and cache, it is more reflected in the comparison of the same brand or the same generation of products, and cannot be used for vertical comparison between AMD and Intel. If you really want to compare it, then transparent e-commerce prices and online reviews will tell you everything.

In response to the questions raised by netizens, the editor will answer the messages of

1 and 2nd floor netizens here

Original comments from netizens: This article is still a relatively conscientious

Editor's reply: Thank you for your support~ Such comments and likes are the motivation for the editor to continue to strive for excellence, and the editor will continue to bring you exciting and interesting content.

2, 7th floor netizens’ comments

Original comments from netizens: Is there any difference between a 30hz monitor and 60hz? If you turn off vertical synchronization at 60hz, it will be above 60fps. If you turn off vertical synchronization at 30hz, it should be above 30fps? Can you explain this?

Edit reply: Vertical synchronization is mainly to solve the problem of tearing the game screen. 30/60Hz corresponds to 30/60fps, but vertical synchronization does not represent the actual frame rate (fps) of the game rendered. Vertical synchronization is just a filtering rendered frames to avoid tearing the picture. In short, you should buy a 60Hz monitor. If the vertical synchronization can be turned on, you still need to turn on. If the actual frame rate cannot meet the effect of vertical synchronization, you should also consider reducing the game settings.

3, 19th floor netizen "annethome"'s message

Original comment: This video memory bit width is too absolute. The best way to test it is to exceed the video memory frequency. If the increase is not obvious, you can say that the bit width is enough

Edited reply: Your opinion is very meaningful. The editor will conduct a test on the video memory bit width in the future. Please stay tuned.

4, 30th floor netizens' comments

original comments from netizens: SSD... The editor took it out and continued to write the solid state that dropped speed...Pukete m6s... How many people are this solid state... I cheated a large number of people

Editor's reply: In fact, simulated SLC technology is also beneficial to consumers. You can experience the speed and pleasure similar to SLC by using the money to buy MLC. But the problem is that some JS uses the speed under simulated SLC to promote it, and consumers will lose speed after using it for a while.

5, 36th floor netizen "sn34491624" message

original comment: I am more interested in Blu-ray. Now most manufacturers claim that their monitors are inclined to be blue-ray, but how do we distinguish and detect them?

Edit reply: Blu-ray filtering is indeed a trend, but this requires very high-end equipment. We do not have such high-end machines yet. We are in contact with a few scientific research institutes that have such equipment. You can continue to pay attention.

6, 62nd floor netizen "Zhang Fatty M"'s message

original comment: I just stroll around and just take a look. I didn't understand it so much, so I didn't understand it at all. I was troublesome! How can this computer be DIYed in the future?

Edit reply: Due to the length, many places may not say all the details. It is actually very simple to understand more, as long as you continue to follow our subsequent articles.

motherboard does not determine the performance of the host, but the motherboard on the market is as high as the iPhone 6, and the price of a spare tire phone is as low as the price. In this way, Xiaobai is easily misled. So what are the parameters worth our attention?

chipset

Since AMD chipset has not been updated for thousands of years, let's talk about Intel's chipset. We all know that Intel's chips are divided into high, medium and low ends, namely Z, H, B and other series. They all support all CPUs in the same slot, such as the LGA1150's CPU. The reality is that for ordinary DIY players, there is no difference in performance experience between the B85 motherboard and the H97 and even the Z97. But the price difference is hundreds or even thousands!

It is not difficult to see why e-commerce sales dominate why B85 motherboards dominate. Because the high-end Z97 motherboard only provides limited upgrades, such as the M.2 interface that ordinary players rarely use, as well as the number of PCI-E3.0, and the support of future Broadwell K CPUs. These differences of hundreds of dollars are not related to actual performance. When buying a motherboard, don’t attach useless features to your purchase cost because the Z97 sounds very high-end.

power supply

has the same properties as graphics card power supply, and motherboard power supply is to serve the CPU. Mainstream motherboards generally have four-phase power supply, but those with four-digit prices often have 8 or even 10 phases. We know that the more phases the lower the power supply load means the more stable it is. So what is it worth spending more money to choose a motherboard with more phases?

We should pay more attention to things other than phase, such as cooling

, which may not be the case. After all, motherboard manufacturers, especially first-tier manufacturers, generally undergo a very strict quality control process when leaving the factory, so the stability is very guaranteed. Don’t let yourself feel that your motherboard has fewer phases than high-end boards and create the illusion of unstableness. After all, the manufacturer has calculated the power supply and CPU requirements. We just need to be optimistic about the power supply workmanship, which is the factor affecting your motherboard failure rate.

So, when we choose motherboards, we don’t have to pay so much attention to the power supply phase, unless you are an avid CPU overclocker, the “stack-level” motherboard is the favorite of this type of player.

audio

motherboard homogeneity has given rise to the trend of motherboard manufacturers to differentiate audio design, so we often see manufacturers' main audio advertisements on motherboards above 1,000 yuan.

The common Realtek ALC892 sound card, who would be dissatisfied with its sound quality for ordinary players?

However, audio itself is a very metaphysical food. Motherboard manufacturers want to widen the gap in audio experience, and often see the gap in the configuration of the visual audio PCB. For example, Realtek ALC892, which is commonly found in the mass-level motherboard B85, is also relatively simple and traditional in processing the audio part.

Luxury motherboard sound card module

, and high-end motherboards such as Gigabyte G1.SNIPER M5 are much more luxurious. The innovative sound card part is covered by a metal shield, and the PCB of the audio part is also separated from other motherboard parts through a split line. This can effectively reduce the various noises during the platform's operation to affect the audio analysis, thereby ensuring the purity of the audio signal. The replacement op amp chip is equipped with, so that the motherboard can push headphones with large impedance during playback.

Professional sound card naturally needs to be equipped with professional top audio output device

The difference between one chip and a set of chips is here. If you are a non-fantasy music enthusiast and always wear ordinary small headphones, then this type of top-level sound card will seem useless. A good audio chip must be equipped with good equipment to perform its effectiveness. Otherwise, the extra money would not be worth it.

network card:

As for the onboard network card chip, the mainstream currently is Realtek, Intel and Qualcomm Killer network cards. In terms of hardware performance alone, I don’t feel that there is much difference (after all, what determines this experience is mainly related to the network environment in which the user is located). Instead, hardware compatibility and stability are more important.

killer network card is the same as ordinary network card for most people.

brands and merchants often advertise this kind of advertisements, such as dual gigabit network card, bandwidth control, and downloading and playing games. In fact, they are all used in extremely extreme environments. For Tianchao, whose average network speed is not yet 10 trillion, it is enough to choose an ordinary network card, and there is no need to be a money-added party.

Mainstream onboard network card

Summary: can be seen. Although the motherboard is not linked to computer performance, the wisdom of manufacturers is infinite, and they always hype up for differentiation. However, when you encounter such ads, you must know whether these features are worth it and you can spend more money to buy them.

Look at the specifications of a graphics card, and a GPU-Z can tell you all the answers. So, what are the parameters that are worthy of attention from novices to avoid being deceived by JS?

video memory:

Novice has experienced the most sweet words about graphics cards, and it is undoubtedly video memory. Sorry, the editor is going to whip the corpse. The joke of "GT440 4G Mad Bull Edition" has made us feel commonplace, but merchants always use this "high-end" specification to fool the novice.

Shuangmin: I've already hung up, editor, are you still whipping the corpse?

Why is this a joke? This is caused by the deformed configuration. A unique graphics card that is worse than the core graphics card, but uses 4GB of graphics memory. Who can help? And this sometimes becomes a reason for JS to increase its price and sell. Therefore, these so-called gimmicks are not desirable.

does not conquer the GPU specifications of large games. No matter how large the video memory is, it is in vain.

chooses a cost-effective graphics card. Video memory is an important factor, after all, it determines the smoothness of high resolution and the multiple openings of online games. However, it does not determine the performance of the graphics card, so the balance between GPU and graphics memory specifications is the king.

video memory bit width:

When merchants praise their GT640 graphics card with flagship video memory capacity, they always avoid an indicator closely related to video memory, that is, video memory bit width. We all know that the memory capacity and memory bit width are components of the memory bandwidth formula, so neither is missing. So no matter how high the memory capacity is, your memory bit width is only 64 bits, which is insignificant when calculating the bandwidth.

Shuangmin: I have called the police!

The graphics card that can play games now requires 128 bits of graphics card width. It is guaranteed to have a video memory width of more than 2GB and the currently generally high-frequency GDDR5 video memory to ensure that it will not become a performance bottleneck at 1080p resolution. Some players even think that 256bit is the standard, but is this actually the case?

, come and read the popular science

128bit bit width GTX960

Recently launched GTX960 graphics card uses a bit width of 128bit, which naturally has become a hot topic for netizens to complain about.But it is obvious that the 128-bit bit width has met the core needs of the GM206, making all its performance available and keeping up with the 3.5 billion specification of the GTX770 with a specification of 2.9 billion transistors. Because the video memory bit width is one of the determinants of bandwidth, the most important purpose is to meet the core data throughput. Even if the GTX960 is equipped with a video memory specification of 192bit or even higher bit width, its performance will not be improved.

Of course, the next generation of graphics cards may undergo some changes. The reason why the actual application of HBM/HMC high-bandwidth video memory will bring about performance improvement is not the unilateral improvement of bit width, but rather specific changes to the GPU core, transferring the GPU performance bottleneck from the video memory to the core, and then the conclusion that the video memory bit width determines the performance of the graphics card will occur.

ASIC Quality:

The murder caused by ASIC Quality

Speaking of graphics card detection tools, everyone will definitely think of the GPU-Z software, but have you used the ASIC quality detection function it comes with? This function has been interpreted by many netizens as a direct detection of the graphics card GPU. Some netizens also strongly asked the seller to return the product after buying the graphics card online. So, is the ASIC index really so magical? How many novices have deceived this parameter

?

ASIC Quality To put it bluntly, AMD/NV evaluates GPU at the microelectronics level during core manufacturing. This evaluation result is directly stored in the GPU memory, and GPU-Z just directly reads this value.

ASIC The Quality function is actually more useful to a very small number of overclockers (such as those used to break world records), but it really doesn't make much sense to ordinary consumers. If you are really worried or want to check the quality of the graphics card, theoretical test (see whether the score is normal) + Furmark (stability test) will be a better choice. So, please take it seriously, don’t take it seriously.

can't be true or false, and the fake cannot be true. Running scores are the only standard for testing graphics cards

Summary: In terms of graphics cards, the number of stream processing, temperature, power consumption, noise and other common indicators are very intuitive. After all, running scores can show obvious contrast, and it cannot be faked. The video memory specifications are easily made by JS and are often made by JS, so novices should not pay too much attention to the video memory parameters. The game results of graphics cards are the king.

monitors are an important part of human-computer interaction. In this era of experience, consumers pay more attention to the selection and purchase of monitors, and many confusing parameters have been created.

0Hz makes you feel irritated

In the early days of the birth of 4K monitors, in order to popularize this ultra-high-definition resolution, some display manufacturers abandoned the mainstream settings of some parameters and set the refresh rate to 30Hz, thereby reducing costs and attracting consumers to purchase at low prices, especially those novices who do not understand the parameters of the monitor. There are also landmines on the

4K monitor, that is, the 30Hz DELL P2815Q

result, you can imagine it. The 30Hz refresh rate means refreshing 30 pictures in one second. We know that the game will only feel completely smooth when 60Fps is displayed in the game. However, the hardware specifications of this type of monitor are limited to 30Hz. Even if you are a Titan X graphics card, you can only feel the 30fps screen. The result can be imagined.

Now that you have started to pursue 144MHz when playing games, what is the use of 30Hz?

30Hz 4K monitors are cheaper than 60Hz monitors in terms of price, but due to the low refresh rate, serious problems such as inability to set 4K resolution, picture tear, lag, and mouse frame drops will occur in the game, and you can't play the game at all. So, don't worry about how cheap a 30Hz 4K monitor is, just remember that it is only suitable for users with pure and pure word processing.Is

K really suitable?

4K, this word was completely popular in the display market in 2014. Various new 4K display products appeared frequently. With 3840×2160 ultra-fine resolution, DIY also mentioned the concept of PPI. The novices who have been brainwashed by retinal screens who have long been crazy about love have finally become interested in DIY.

Ideals are beautiful, and display is cruel. The picture above is an example. Microsoft itself never expected that consumers' pursuit of PPI was so strong that Windows 7 and 8 systems did not have an adaptive high-score screen UI. If you do not set up a zoom interface, the general font of the mosquito in the picture above will make you very uncomfortable. If you enlarge the text on the web page will not increase the pixels of the character you imagine but will be blurred, the picture will be even more terrible and will become a direct stretch, and the effect can be imagined.

widens the font percentage and will cause the picture to stretch, affecting the viewing effect

does not blow or black, 4K is definitely the only way for the future development of monitors. However, the compatibility of current operating systems with high score screens is really bad, which will give you a tasteless feeling, and the only benefit is that the experience of 4K video and gaming is indeed very shocking. For novices, the 4K resolution is not a reason for you to blindly follow the trend. 1080P, at least before Windows 10, is the ideal choice.

Which one do you choose for health or cheapness?

DIY is to pursue cost-effectiveness, which is right. Many novices naturally follow this principle when choosing a monitor. So when I saw a monitor that was generous, low-priced, and IPS hard screen, I bought it.

Blu-ray can hurt your macular spots, which is irreparable and will cause "glaucoma"

. However, today, as the monitor is increasingly focused on healthy life, as the most profound accessory that affects the human sensory experience, some people sit in front of the monitor for a day. However, problems such as blue light and splash screen can easily pose irreparable risks to your eyes. Therefore, display manufacturers also pay attention to the point of healthy displays. Technologies such as blue-screen display, high-frequency PWM and DC dimming provide maximum protection for your eyes.

While greedy for cheapness, don’t ignore health. Novice should pay attention to this when choosing a monitor, otherwise it will be easy to have big problems if you get a small advantage.

Don't let your eyes suffer

Summary: The feeling of the monitor is not reflected in numbers, but is felt with your eyes. So, when purchasing a monitor, remember one principle and don’t let your eyes suffer.

simulates SLC events

Many times, before we consume, we often look at the evaluation score to decide our choice. Beginner DIY players also follow this principle, but it is different when it comes to SSDs. If you are not careful, the SSDs that are labeled as artifacts when the evaluation is released may become a pitfall. After half of the data is written into

, the SSD speed in SLC simulation mode will drop sharply. In addition to the problem that the speed will drop after long-term use, it has recently been revealed that some SSDs have the reverse effect of "pulling seedlings to encourage growth" after MLCNAND simulates SLC. In full disk SLC mode, the speed will plummet when the capacity is full of half the disk, and it will even be worse than HDD! The reason does not need to be explored by the newbie, but for the newbie who only know how to use it and how to use it, this kind of SSD that will slow down sharply will indeed affect your mood: It’s a scam!

Referring to other people's long-term writing reviews, it is very helpful to understand your SSD

This simple example must be seen that novices not only look at the data of the review website, but these data only represent the best performance of the SSD. Long-term writing reviews is the most powerful reference to ensure that the SSD you purchase in the future is free of worries.

SandForce Main Control: I blame me

Many people may have just known SSD solid-state drives, let alone have a deeper understanding of the product. Some SSD manufacturers are seizing this point, taking advantage of loopholes in product promotion, and spared no effort to promote the performance of SSDs, such as reading and writing speeds exceeding 500MB/s, but in fact, their own performance cannot reach such a speed.

Typical virtual label case

Why? That's the pot of the SandForce main control.The most famous feature of SandForce master control is DuraWrite compression technology. Since the actual amount of data to be written becomes smaller after compression, the writing speed has been improved. When it is necessary to read, the compressed data is decompressed and outputted in the main control, which brings external read speed gain. ATTO's test data model is exactly completely compressible, which is naturally consistent with the SandForce main compressible algorithm. The comparison of the test scores of

makes people laugh. Therefore, after the data run by ATTO is processed by SandForce main compression algorithm, it is like an elephant being compressed to the size of a mosquito. Because the amount of data actually written to the flash memory is very small, the write operation is completed quickly, and the externally measured write speed is close to the interface bandwidth speed of SATA 6Gbps. But after getting to other test software, it was revealed.

So, when purchasing an SSD, we should carefully look at the performance parameters promoted by the manufacturer. What are the real ones? Which are just gimmicks? No need to say more, look at PConline's SSD review article and you will know the real performance of your heart SSD.

Summary: SSD is a hard-hit area of ​​"fictional label". Different environments will produce completely different test results. Therefore, for novices, any JS or e-commerce sweet words cannot compare to real third-party test data, especially long-term test data.

PConline summary

I believe that netizens with good Chinese skills know the central context of the editor's popular science article, that is, "generalize from the side". 's hardware parameters that are of little practical significance have been taken too seriously, but have been taken too seriously and have become a gimmick for JS. . It is shameless and invincible in the world. JS is a variety of word games to attract Xiaobai to take the bait, and Xiaobai just admits it.

Whether you are a beginner who is really interested in DIY, or a digital passerby who just gets out of the trap after buying it, when purchasing DIY hardware products, use the resources in your hands to understand and analyze and supplement some professional knowledge. No one will be in trouble with RMB, right? So don't let your funds become the capital for JS to cheat the next novices.