" Jin Shu " One of the twenty-four histories of China, co-authored by Tang Fang Xuanling and others, with a total of twenty-one authors. The recorded history began in the Three Kingdoms period, Sima Yi, and to the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the second year of Emperor Gong's Yuanxi (420) Liu Yu, the deposed Emperor Jin and established himself in the Song Dynasty. The book also records the status of the regimes in the sixteen countries in the form of "records". The original narrative and catalogue are one volume each, the emperor's record has ten volumes, twenty volumes of record, seventy volumes of biographies, and thirty volumes of record, totaling one hundred and thirty-two volumes. Later, the narrative and catalogs were lost, and only 130 volumes remained. 
Liu Da , whose name is Zizhen, was a native of the Gaotang of the Plain. After King Hui of Han, his father Guang denounced Qiu Ling. He was young and poor, and sold his cow clothes to support himself. Then he is eager to learn, he sets ropes with his hands and recites books with his mouth, and is well-versed in history and the present. Clean yourself and do without flaws. The county inspectors are filial and honest, and the state recruits scholars are not good. He was appointed as the Minister of the State Council and was transferred to Henan Yin Cheng and promoted to Shangshu Lang and Tingwei Zheng. Later, he served as the Lang of the Ministry of Personnel, participated in the military affairs of Emperor Wen and was granted the title of Xunyang Zi. When Deng Ai Zhonghui and Deng Ai attacked Shu, a guest asked, "Do you two pacify Shu?" The common people said, "It is necessary to destroy Shu, but they will not return." The guest asked why, but smiled but did not answer, as he said. The forefathers of the genius are all of this. Because of the fact that the world has made many interests, the Tao is inferior, so I wrote the "Chongrang Theory" to correct it. His words said: The ancient sage king transformed the world, and the reason why he was given the most favorable person was to produce talented people and stop competition. Everyone is a wife who wants to be virtuous, so she advises to let the virtuous be able to show off oneself. How can she not let the virtuous be virtuous? Therefore, if the Tao is prosperous, the wise and capable people will come out without asking for it. The Supreme Master's actions will be established by themselves, and the deputy officials will be well-off. If an official is short of one official position, select the most officials and use it. This is the way to judge. The people in the court gave in to each other, and all the people in the thatched cottage transformed them, and the trend of recommending the wise and giving in to the capable will be born from then on. If one country gives way, one country's scholars will be; if the world promotes it, one country's scholars will be the world's scholars. If the trend of giving is prevailing, then the wise and unfilial are different. The best way to do this is to do nothing, and it is just a clear discussion. Therefore, it is said that Yao is the king, and no one can be named. It is said that the world is safe, and it is not seen that Yao transformed it, so it cannot be named. It is also said that Shun and Yu had the world but were not with him, and were transformed without doing anything. If a wise man gives in to the court, a talented man is in a high-ranking official position, and a villain does not fight in the wild, there will be nothing in the world. If you transform your talents into nothing, you will be successful. I have already admired it, so what else can I do with you! Therefore, you can sing the poem "Southern Wind" and play the zither with five strings. Those who succeed in this kind of success are not caused by others, but by advocating and giving. Confucius said that it is not difficult to be able to be polite and conciliate as the country. People in the court have been reluctant to give in to each other for a long time, and the world has transformed. Since the Wei Dynasty, even if he has been promoted to the position of the people who have been appointed as the officials who have been in office, he will not be willing to let anyone defeat himself. The wind of giving up is calm, and the heart of competition arises. Confucius said that if the superiors promote the resignation, the subordinates will not fight, and if the superiors do not prosper, the subordinates will fight. If the way of giving rises, the wise and capable people will be recommended every day; if the heart of competition arises, the wise and capable people will be slandered every day. Those who fight will first become the first, and those who hate the ability will first, and cannot be destroyed without destruction. Therefore, Kong Mo cannot avoid the world's slandering him, let alone those who are not as good as Kong Mo! Those who argued all said that there are young people with high reputations and no talented people in the court can be a high-ranking official. The small officials from Shanze also said that even though the court officials had great reputations, they were not as good as those of the past. I think both of these two words have been misunderstood. It is not the time when there is no virtue, but the time when there is no need to give in. If a person has the reputation of being the first to the public, he will follow it, and his reputation will not be achieved. Even if Ji Qi is allowed to survive, he will not be able to complete his name. Whether it can be mixed or not, whether the pros and cons is not distinguished, the scholars have no price to set, and there are lack of official positions, and the officials who are selected do not know what to use, but they only take the case and the officials are selected. Those who are talented first use it are not the sons of the powerful family, so they must be thought of by those with power. It is not only a virtuous person, but because of the resources he used first, he will be relocated. The disease that has never been moved is beyond the reach of his responsibility. People who are in officials have unknown political achievements and are not sons of powerful families, and are mostly promoted by the capital. If you are instructed to the world, the scholars will be successful after seeing the gift, and the officials will be able to use it. Anyone who has no reputation or achievements will have no reputation for official achievements. If he is given, he will definitely give in. If he is not given a reason, he will use it. Therefore, if you see that you are constantly using it, you will give up the Tao and lose it, because you will lose it for a long time when you use it. Therefore, since the Han and Wei dynasties, great efforts have been made, allowing all officials to know what they know, only what they have to do with their talents and responsibilities, and no limit on the ranks. This is a very large number of people. If you have any right to what you say, you will not hear that you will be promoted from time to time, and you will not know who is the most virtuous.What you say must be inappropriate, and if you don’t get any guilt, you don’t know who is the most unworthy. Therefore, it is hard to know that no one at that time is willing to recommend each other, and the names of wise and foolish are different, so that they can do so. Those who raise the rank know that those who are superior cannot examine them, so they dare to raise them and advance them. Some people say that the wise people are wise, and they come in one cease, and the number of people is large. Each person says that the wise people are wise, and the high-level characters are similar and the same, and it is difficult to get a distinction. The differences and errors are confusing, and the authenticity is consistent, and it is even worse. Even if the person who claims to be loyal to him is not loyal, he will also be able to listen to him in a way that is too difficult. When the King of Qi heard the sound of the jiu, he would have to ask three hundred people to play together before listening to it, and the rations were given to the salary of several people. Mr. Nan Guo did not know how to play the jiu, so he could not know that 300 people would play the jiu, so he asked the king to play the jiu, and he would eat the salary of several people. If the successor king realizes and corrects it, it is difficult to show the mistakes of the previous king. He ordered, "I like to hear the sound of the yu and the previous kings, so I want to listen to it one by one." The gentleman fled here. If the style of advocating wise men does not establish its own style and the law of indiscriminately advocating will not change, then Mr. Nan Guo's disciples will be abundant in the court. People with high talent and adhering to the Tao retreat day by day, and more powerful people will go on. Even if there are laws and regulations in the country, it cannot be banned. The disadvantage of giving up the Tao and not prospering is that it is not that the wise man is in the lower throne and cannot advance at the right time. Those who have a good minister of the country will gradually suffer and retreat. How can you know this? Confucius thought that Yan's son would not make any mistakes, and that no saint had any mistakes. There are many people who prefer the land that is noble, but there are many people who hate the wise and capable to block their paths, and there are many people who destroy their mistakes. A life of slander and defamation is not just a mere vain, but must be caused by a person's minor faults. If you hear slanderous words, even if you want to accept them, you must not stop hearing them. You can observe them slightly because of the coming of the matter. There is no way, and the test will be achieved. If you get what you say, how can you ignore your crime? If you know and indulge it, the king's power will decline day by day, and it will begin from this. If you know it, you will be reasonable. If you suffer a few more people, you will be relieved. The ministers will be unsteady. A wise man does not advance, and noble ministers are dismissed every day. This is the deep concern of those who have the country. The Book of Songs says: "If you don't give up your money, you will die." Isn't it difficult for those who don't give up to you to lose their worries and hope that they will benefit the country! I think it's very easy to change this custom. How to know it? Even if a person who is an official at the time has mixed talents, there are many wise people among them. How can he be said to have no idea that he is the most important thing to let the virtuous be evil! Just because he did not give in at that time, he became accustomed to custom, so he did not do so. When the ministers first removed, they all heard from the emperor, and they were famous for their reputation. The origin of Xie Zhang was very important. The original intention of Xie Zhang was to promote the wise and capable people to thank the country for their kindness. In the past, Shun regarded Yu as Sikong, and Yu bowed his head and gave him to Ji Qi and Jiu Yao. The envoy was appointed as the official of Yu, and the envoy was given to the tiger, bear and thorn. Make Boyi the three rituals, and let kuilong. During the Tang and Yu period, when all the officials first came out, they all gave in. Xie Zhang's meaning is based on this. The book of "Book" records it and wants to use eternal examples. What Ji Shi uses, if you are not virtuous, you cannot give up virtuous people, it is just a false thank you for your kindness. The inheritance remains unchanged, which is a loss of customs. Those who use the official who can obtain the official seal and signs will be able to understand the wise and the capable will be able to understand the situation. Those who cannot afford to pay for the simple paper will never understand. When the ministers first removed, they all thought of recommending the wise and capable, and those who gave the master the advice of the author took charge of it. If there are any defects in the three corpses, choose the ones that the three corps give the most and use them. This is because one duke is missing, and the three dukes have already chosen it. Moreover, if the official is elected, there is no need to be appointed as the official and choose the three official. It is better to ask the three official to choose one official as detailed. The four signs are missing, and the four signs are chosen the most and use them. This is one sign. The four signs have been selected. You must carefully select the four signs in the sanitation and ask the master to choose the four signs. If the Shangshu is missing, choose the ones that the Shangshu has most of them and use them. This is a matter of selecting one Shangshu in total. It is detailed that the eight Shangshu will choose the eight Shangshu who are in missing. If the county magistrate is short of, choose the most county magistrates and use them. If the chief magistrate is detailed, the one who is appointed as the chief magistrate is ordered to select hundreds of county magistrates. The transfer of officials and hundreds of counties is comparable to the master, and cannot be discussed in the same year. Even though the three governments were ordered to participate in the election, they did not entrust the election, and each could not rely on their own hearts. The one who uses his heart is different, but only the master will be asked to take charge of the officials and take charge of the officials, without using the essence. The wise and foolish will give in, and the people will be the eyes and eyes of the country. If a wife fights for love, she wants to destroy what she doesn’t know, and if she gives up, she will win. Therefore, when worldly struggles, praise and criticism are intertwined, and there is no distinction between good and bad, and it is difficult to give up. If you let the wise and wisdom appear, you will be able to see the beauty of whether you can be vivid and inconsistent, and you will not be able to get it. At this time, many people can retire and practice, and let them go. Even if you want to keep poor and humble, you cannot get it. If you are rushing to make progress and want others to give in, you are still trying to seek the future. In this way, all foolish and wise people know that they can improve themselves and seek enlightenment. If they do not practice it to themselves, there will be no reason. Those who travel outside to seek help will follow this and return. The floating and false arguments can't help but stop.Everyone has no intention of using their own heart and let the people discuss it, and the world will be transformed. The unspeakable transformation and action are revealed here. If you can do this, how can you not do it? "The Book of Spring and Autumn" says: "Handling with Fan Xuanzi, all the subordinates are given up. Although Luan Gu, , even if they are eliminated, they dare not violate it. , Jin State is pacified, and they rely on it for several generations." In the transformation of the previous life, a gentleman can still give up his subordinates, and a small man can work hard to serve the superiors, and the superiors are polite, and the slander is dismissed from afar, so he will not fight. In the event of chaos, the country's shortcomings must always be attributed to it. This is true. In the court, gentlemen choose high-ranking officials without slandering others and performing them, and each makes it the first priority to make the talented people do. If the talents can be different, the world's achievements are no greater than this.
[Translation] Liu Zhi's name is Zizhen, a native of Gaotang in the Plain. He is a descendant of Liu Shou, the king of Hui of Jibei, and his father Liu Guang, was a reprimanded Qiu Ling. Liu Shi was poor when he was a teenager and relied on selling cow clothes to support himself. However, he was studious, with a rope wrapped around his hands and recited poetry and books in his mouth, and had extensive knowledge and knowledge. Your own moral character is clean and your behavior is flawed. The county visited the filial piety and honest people, and the state recommended scholars, but they didn't go. He was promoted to Luoyang as a scheming official, transferred to Henan Yin Cheng, and moved to Shangshu Lang and Tingwei Zheng. Later, he served as the Minister of Personnel, participated in the military affairs of Emperor Wen and was named Xunyang Zi. When Zhong Hui and Deng Ai attacked Shu Kingdom, a guest asked Liu Zhi, "Can the two generals pacify Shu Kingdom?" Liu Zhi said, "It will definitely be able to defeat Shu Kingdom, but neither of them will come back." The guest asked the reason for it, and smiled and did not say it. The ending was just as Liu Zhi said. Liu Zhi's foresight is similar to this. Because of the excessive enterprising competition in the world and the lack of integrity and humility in morality, I wrote "Theory of Chongrang" to correct the worldly style. The article says: When the ancient sage kings were educated, they advocated humility because they wanted to discover talents and calm competition. There is no human nature that does not want to be wise, so we encourage good and let the virtuous show our wiseness. Is there anyone who shows that they are not virtuous through humility? Therefore, the moral character of humility is prosperous, and virtuous people come out without searching. Extremely fair measures are implemented by themselves, and the deputy officers of all officials are prepared in advance. A person who lacks official position and chooses the person who is most recommended by the officials to appoint him. This is a prudent method. The officials of the court were humble in front of the emperor, and the common people were educated and imitated. The atmosphere of electing wise men to give way to the wise and capable was born. If a country recommends him, he is a capable man in a country; if everyone in the world recommends him, he is a capable man in the world. If the atmosphere of surrender prevails, then the virtuous and unvirtuous will be clearly distinguished. This habit is popular, and people at high positions don’t have to worry about it, because with fair discussions, just follow it. Therefore, Yao is great as a king and cannot be praised by words. It means that the world is stable and I don’t see how Yao educated me, so I can’t describe it in words. It is also said that Shun and Yu own the world but do not take it for themselves and can achieve education without seeking something. If wise men are humble in the court, those with great talent often serve as high-ranking officials, and the common people do not compete with each other among the people, the world will be safe. If you use talent to educate the people who are not doing anything, the best way will arise. Just wait for success yourself, so why do you have to participate in it? Therefore, you can sing the poem "Southern Wind" and play five-stringed zither . The achievement of such achievements is not something else, but the advocacy of humility. Confucius said that it would be not difficult to govern the country with etiquette and humility. People who were in the court had not been committed to being humble for a long time, and the world had changed. Since Wei, even though those who were appointed as officials and officials who were entrusted with official positions, no one was willing to give up their positions to those who surpassed them. The atmosphere of giving up is gone, and the heart of competition arises. Confucius said that when the people in the top advocate giving up, the people below will not compete, which means that the people below will definitely compete for humility and not prosper. When the trend of giving rises, then the virtuous people will be elected every day; when the heart of competition arises, then the virtuous people will be slandered every day. Competing people want to compete for the first place, and people who hate talents take the lead, so they must not be slandered.Therefore, Confucius and Mozi cannot avoid the world slandering themselves, let alone those who are not as good as Confucius and Mo! Those who are talking about it say that there are few high-profile talents in the world, and the court does not have the people who have great talents to be high-ranking officials. The people and small officials also said that although the people in the court have high reputations, they are not as good as those in the past. I don't think both of these views are correct. It’s not that we lack talents today, but that we don’t value humility now. If a person has a reputation beyond the public, slander will definitely appear, and it is because his reputation cannot be preserved to cause this situation. Even if Ji and Qi come to the world again, they cannot preserve their reputation. There are mixed talents and mediocre talents, and there is no distinction between good and bad. People do not have a certain evaluation of the official position. If there is a shortage of staff, the person who presides over the selection does not know who they are used, and the order is recommended according to the order of official position. Those who are appointed first with the same talent are not the children of powerful families, but must be the ones who are concerned about by powerful people. It cannot be based solely on a person's virtue, but because of the capital he was appointed first, he was constantly promoted. Continuous promotion, the problem of incompetence arises. When examining people in official positions, they didn’t hear anything about their political achievements. They were not children of powerful families, and were usually promoted because of their qualifications. If the world advocates humility, scholars will become famous only after being rejected, and only after they have a reputation can the government appoint him. Those who have not established a reputation and have no reputation for political achievements in their official positions, of course they have to give way to others. The government has no reason to appoint them. The reason why they are constantly being appointed is because the virtue of humility has been abandoned and the history of employing people based on qualifications has been very long. Therefore, since the Han and Wei dynasties, large-scale recommendation activities have been held frequently, allowing officials to recommend the people they know, and they can only be appointed based on their own, without limiting the order of official ranks. There have been many cases like this. The people they recommend must be suitable. I have never heard of people being promoted and appointed because I don’t know who is the most virtuous. The person recommended must be inappropriate, but if you do not inflict guilt, it is because you don’t know who is the most unvirtuous. The reason for not knowing is that people at that time were not willing to give in, and there was no difference between the status of virtuous and ignorant, which caused the above situation. Those who recommend others know that people in high positions cannot be examined in detail, so they dare to take it casually. Some people recommending talents, because they involve the people they like, they come one after another. There are many people. They say that the people they recommend are capable, and in exaggerated words, it seems that the people who are recommended are the same, which is difficult to distinguish. The differences and chaoticness are mixed, and the authenticity is mixed, which makes it even more serious. Although the recommended person is charged with the crime of not being loyal to him, this situation is caused by the superiors' excessive way to listen to the recommended person and inspect talents. In the past, , Qi Xuanwang loved to listen to the sound of the yu. Three hundred people must listen to it together, and give each person a salary of several people. Mr. Nan Guo is a person who can't play the jiu, because three hundred people can tolerate him not being able to play the jiu, so he asked to play the jiu for the king and enjoy the salary of several people in vain. Qimin King After enlightenment and changing his practice, it is still difficult to show the faults of the previous kings. So he ordered, "I like to listen to the sound of the yu more than the previous kings, and I want them to play it to me one by one." Mr. Nan Guo ran away. If the atmosphere of electing wise men is not established and the method of indiscriminately promoted will not change, then Mr. Nan Guo and others will fill the court. The number of people who are talented and uphold the Tao gradually decreases, and the number of powerful families who fight for power and profit gradually increases. Even if the country has rules and regulations, it cannot be prohibited. The disadvantage of the inability to rise to humility is not only that wise men are in a low position and cannot be promoted on time, and those who are responsible for heavy responsibilities among the good ministers of the country will gradually be blamed and withdraw from their official positions. How can I know that this is the case? Confucius believed that Yan's son did not repeat the same mistake, which means that anyone who is not a saint would have mistakes. There are more people who want to gain a noble status, and they hate talented people to block their way, so there are more people who slander others once they make mistakes. The emergence of slander and slander does not come out of thin air, but must be exaggerated by others' subtle mistakes. I have heard the words of slander and slander many times. Although people at high positions do not want to believe them, they must observe carefully based on what they heard and the development of things. Soon, the words of slander come true. With verification, how can we not be punished?If you know it but indulge it, the emperor's prestige will gradually decline, and there will be no execution when there is an order but no execution begins. If you know, you will be punished. The number of people who are blamed and abdicated gradually increases, and ministers will have an insecure heart. The talented people cannot be promoted, and the important officials say that they are alienated when they see each other. This is the deep concern of those who rule the country. " Book of Songs " says: "If you receive titles and salaries but do not give in to each other, it will lead to your own destruction." People who are not humble are worried that it will not be too late to perish, but expect it to benefit the country and court. Isn’t it too difficult? I privately think it’s not difficult to change this bad custom. How do you know? Although people in the official position were mixed with mediocre talents, there were also many wise people. Don’t you know that giving up the virtuous is noble morality? It’s because they didn’t give in at that time, and habits became natural, so they just stopped doing it. When the ministers were first appointed, they all made progress, called Xie Zhang. This practice has been a long history. It turns out that Xie Zhang’s original intention is to recommend the wise and capable people to thank the country for their kindness. In the past, Shun asked Yu to be the Sikong, and Yu knelt down and bowed his head, giving way to Ji Qi and Jiu Yao. Let Yi be appointed as the official of Yu. Gives to Zhuhu, bear, bear. Let Boyi take charge of , three liters, , give way to Kuilong. During the Tang and Yu periods, when all the officials first received official positions, they were not humble. Xie Zhang's original meaning probably comes from now on. The Book of Documents records these things in order to use them as a model for generations. In the last days, the unwise people cannot give up the virtuous, and just pretend to be grateful for the grace of being appointed. This is a customary mistake to be consistent and unchanged. The hired officials must report the form and seal only if they can be reported. If they cannot waste the paper of the book, they will not submit it to the upper level. When the ministers were first appointed, they wanted to recommend the virtuous and give in to others, and the words they gave in to the principal were in charge. When the Sansi had a shortage of staff, he chose the person who was recommended by the Sansi to be the one who was most recommended by him. The one public is short of employees, and the three public has been selected in advance. Besides, the officials in charge of selecting people do not have to be the official and choose three officials. It is better to let the three officials choose one official by themselves. If the four qualifying forces are missing, select the person who is most recommended by the four qualifying forces to appoint him. If the four qualifying forces have been selected in advance, it will definitely be more cautious than the person in charge to choose carefully in the future. The Secretary of the Shang Dynasty was short of employees, so he chose the person who was most recommended by the Shang Dynasty to be appointed. This is the eight Shang Dynasty jointly selected one Shang Dynasty. It is more prudent to ask the head to choose eight Shang Dynasty when the employees were short of employees. The county magistrate lacks personnel, so he can choose the person who is most recommended by the county magistrate, which is more cautious than the person in charge. Compared with the one in charge, the referendum of all officials and hundreds of counties cannot be compared with the other person in charge. Even if , the three governments and were allowed to participate in the election of officials, they did not give the three governments the responsibility for selection, and each of them could not take this matter to heart. Their thoughts are less than two or three tenths of the time, and they are meant to ask the person in charge to advance according to the official ranks without careful consideration. If a wise and stupid person can be humble, then the people's eyes and ears are all the eyes and ears of the country. Human nature is competition, so we want to slander people who are better than ourselves, while humility strives to recommend people who are better than ourselves. Therefore, competition in the world is mixed with slander and praise, and it is difficult to be humble. If the world is humble, the wise and wise will show their talents; if the virtuous and unvirtuous are clearly distinguished in the eyes, there will be no confusion or confusion. At this time, more people who can withdraw from the officialdom to cultivate themselves will be punished. Even if you want to live in poverty, it is impossible. Fighting hard to make people humble is like walking backwards but trying to move forward. In this way, all fools and wise men know that if they want to be an official and seek enlightenment, there is no other way if they do not cultivate themselves. Those who traveled abroad to seek official positions followed each other and returned home at this time. The flashy and empty remarks will naturally subside without banning them. Everyone does not have to use their scheming and let everyone talk, and the world will naturally be educated. The popularity of education without preaching has been revealed from now on. Humility can create such a scene, how can we not work hard to implement it! "The Legend of Spring and Autumn" says: "Fan Xuanzi is humble, and everyone under him is humble. Although Leyan is domineering, he dare not disobey it. Jin State unites for several lifetimes, and has benefited from it." In ancient times, gentlemen advocate virtuousness and humility to their subordinates, villains work hard to farm and serve their superiors, and evil people are estranged and deposed because they have no competition. When the turmoil in the end of the world is often due to lack of humility.These are the comments from the bottom of your heart. The gentlemen in the court and the high-ranking officials in charge of talent selection can not be deprecated and pursue this principle without slandering others and making it the first thing they need to do, then many talents will emerge, and there will be clear differences between virtuous and unvirtuous, and there is nothing greater than the achievements of the world.
年0年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年� In Xianning, it is , Taichang . Transferred to the Shangshu. Duyu attacked Wu and was appointed as the official in Zhennan Army. At first, his wife, Lu, gave birth to a son and died, and Hua was about to marry him. His younger brother Zhi advised, "The Hua family is greedy and will break the door." He failed to tell the truth, and finally got married and gave birth to Zixia. He was actually in summer and was bribed and was dismissed from his official position. He was a Grand Secretary and was also exempted from the crime of Xia. Whenever he returned to the state, the villagers carried wine and meat to wait for it. It is difficult to go against its intentions, so I will eat them together and return to the rest. Someone said to Zhi, "You are better than you, but your sons cannot follow it. Why not talk about it every day and night to make it clear that you are wrong and change your evil!" Zhi said, "What I do is what I hear and see, and what I do, but I do not learn from my ancestors. How can I get what I teach you again!" The world is right to say that. Later, he served as the Imperial College as a sacrificial servant of wine and a scattered cavalry. Prince Minhuai was first named King Guangling , and selected his teachers and friends as his teacher. At the beginning of Yuan Kang, he was promoted to the title of Marquis and was promoted to the Prince Taibao. He was appointed as the three sects of Shizhong, Tejin, Right Guanglu Dafu, and Kaifu Yitong, and was appointed as the governor of Jizhou . In the ninth year, he was appointed as Sikong, moved to Taibao, and transferred to Taifu. At the beginning of Tai'an, Zi abdicated for his old age and illness, and gave him four horses and millions of dollars to become a marquis. When it came to the attack of Chengdu, Changsha, he was plundered by soldiers and returned home. Huidi collapsed and went to the mountain tomb. Emperor Huai ascended the throne and was re-appointed as the Grand Marshal. Since I was old, I refused, but I refused. Zuo Cheng Liu Tan said, "The hall is high and far-reaching, and the master is noble and noble. Therefore, all the ancient philosophers and kings taught the elders and taught the world, so that the young masters are polite. After seventy years of office, they are also excellent in old virtues and noble style. The Taiwei is honest and honest, and has a clean and unswerving manners. He has been hanging a car to retire. He has been strong for more than twenty years. He is a prosperous ambition and has become more loyal. He can be said to be a powerful old country and a model of the country. I heard that the old man does not use muscle strength as a ritual. He is over ninety years old and has a daily life. So he supports the carriage and takes risks to show his mourning mountain tombs and pays tribute to the court. The ministers are ready for the integrity of the emperor. The holy edict is diligent and will make the emperor stand up to the top, and he will make the altar come to the stage, and he will cook the tripod and make a metaphor out of context. After two years of experience, he will frequently put on the board. , the words of the emperor were sincere and sincere. I thought that in ancient times, I thought that I was not good at the old age, and that I did not take the officials as the most important thing, so I said that I should follow the guards of the emperor. "In the third year, the imperial edict said: "Yu appointed five ministers, and the transformation of chuigong . The Han prime minister Xiao He was the reputation of Xingning. Therefore, I was able to be prosperous at that time and gain prosperity for hundreds of generations. I have introduced the order of heaven and the commander of all nations. Therefore, those who admire the political power also rely on the Yuan ministers and ministers, and have great strength to serve as the best wishes. But when you are old, it is indeed difficult to violate the old age. Now I heard that you are the marquis and rank above the three departments, with a certain salary and a few sticks, and will not be given to the court and a district of the house. The country's major policies will be consulted, and I will be in accordance with my wishes." After dying over the years, I died at the age of 91, and I was posthumously named Yuan. He was young and poor, and he walked through his own way. He rested at every place without burying his master. He paid for his own salary. He is in a position and is very proud of frugality and not gorgeous. I once went to the Shi Chong house and went to the toilet. I saw a tent with a red pattern and a beautiful mattress. Two maids held sachets. Then he retreated and laughed and said to Chong, "I mistakenly entered you." Chong said, "This is the toilet." Zhu said, "The poor man has never gotten this." Then he became more like another toilet. Even though he is in a place of honor and favor, he has no house, and he has a salary and benefits for his relatives. Although the etiquette and education are too late, we will do our best to be correct. Losing a wife is a scepter, but she will not control her inner family. Those who are frivolous laugh at it and don’t mind it. Since I was young and old, I have been studying tirelessly. Even though I have been in a position, I will not leave the work. He was particularly considerate of the "Three Biography" and corrected the "Gongyang", thinking that Wei would never give up the order of the king's father, and sacrificed Zhong Shu as a minister. He took these two points to clarify the body of the minister and then carried it in the world. He also wrote twenty volumes of the "Spring and Autumn Regulations". There are two sons, Ji and Xia. His courtesy name was Jingyun and he became the chief servant of the Sanqi Changshi. Xia was abandoned by corruption. Brother Zhi, whose courtesy name is Zifang, is Zhensu's style of brother. He was poor and was self-sufficient every time he was borne by the salary, and he kept reading and reciting, and was praised as a Confucian scholar. He was the Minister of the Central Secretariat of Huangmen and was appointed as the prefect of Yingchuan . Pingyuan Guan Lu once said to people: "I talked to my brothers Liu Yingchuan, which makes people feel clear and clear, and they don't sleep. From then on, I've almost wanted to sleep in the daytime." He became the secretary and led the royal army of Nanyang , and was appointed as the attendant of the Sanqi Chang, and moved to Shizhong, Shangshu, and Taichang.He wrote "Theory of Mourning and Dissatisfaction", and many of them were distinguished. Taikang died at the end and was posthumously named Cheng.
[Translation] In the early years of Taishi, he was promoted to the title of Bo and gradually promoted to Shaofu. During the reign of Emperor Taichang, he was transferred to the position of Shangshu. When he was brave enough to attack, Liu Zhi served as his official position as the Nanjun Office. At the beginning, Liu Zhi's wife Lu died when she gave birth to her son Liu Ji, and Liu Zhi was about to marry her daughter. He advised him, "Most of them are greedy and will definitely lose their family." Liu Sai couldn't refuse and eventually got married and gave birth to a son Liu Xia. Liu Zhi was finally convicted of accepting bribes from Xia and was removed from office. Soon after, he was appointed as the Grand Secretary and was removed from office because of Liu Xia's crime. Every time I returned to my hometown, the villagers would wait for him with wine and meat in their cars. It is difficult to go against everyone's wishes, so I ate and drank with everyone and returned the remaining food. Someone wrote to Liu: "Your character is noble for a lifetime, but your sons cannot follow it. Why don't you teach them every day so that they know their mistakes and correct them by themselves!" Liu Sai said: "What I do is what I hear and see, not what I have passed down from generation to generation. Can you get it by repeated teachings?" People in the world think that Liu's words make sense. Later he was appointed as the Imperial College priest and the regular attendant of the cavalry. When Prince Minhuai was just named King of Guangling, he elected his teachers and friends and took Liu Zhi as his teacher. In the early years of Yuankang, he was promoted to the title of Marquis and gradually moved to the position of Prince Taibao. He was appointed as Shizhong, Tejin, Right Guanglu Dafu, Kaifu Yitong, and Jizhou Governor. In the ninth year of Yuankang, Ce was granted the title of Sikong, moved to Taibao, and transferred to Taifu. In the early years of Tai'an, Liu Wei resigned from office because he was old and sick. He gave him four horses and millions of dollars to return to his house as a marquis. When the King of Changsha and the King of Chengdu were attacking each other, Liu Shi was robbed by soldiers and secretly returned to his hometown. Emperor Hui died, and Liu Zhi went to the tomb. Emperor Huai ascended the throne and was appointed as the Grand Marshal. Liu Zhi claimed that he was old and refused firmly and was not allowed. The left chief Liu Tan said, "The hall is high and the steps are far away. The monarch is respected and the prime minister is noble. Therefore, the ancient wise emperors did not take the elders as their teachers, so that they respected the education of the elderly and taught the world, so that the young man was polite. Resigning from the office for seventy years was also a special treatment for his past virtues, and it encouraged integrity and noble style. The Grand Marshal Liu Yi, with his honest and simple moral integrity, held unchanged nobleness and retired for more than 20 years. The ambition is the stronger the older you get. It can be said that he is a respected person in the country and a model of the country. I heard that the elderly do not need to be polite. Liu Ku met ninety years old and his life span was restricted by the time Et. So he took a car while he was sick and took a risky trip, showed his sorrow in the imperial tomb, and paid tribute to the court. The ministers' moral integrity was complete. The emperor issued a sincere edict, which would definitely make Liu Yao take the position of the provincial government, assist the imperial profession, and urged him to speak out and serve both 2019. However, Liu Shu wrote public letters many times, and his words were sincere. I think the ancients were the best for the elderly, and they regarded not serving the king as an official, and they should follow Liu Ku's opinions. "In the third year, the edict said: "In the past, Yu appointed five ministers, and achieved the education of inaction and governance. The Han Dynasty used Xiao He as prime minister and gained the reputation of stability and unity, so they could flourish at that time and spread their achievements to future generations. I inherited the destiny and ruled all nations. If I wanted to respect The great political morality also depends on the elders and important officials and officials to assist me to meet my greatest wish. However, it is difficult to violate my old age. Now I let you return to the house as a marquis, and your status is above the Three Divisions, and your salary is still the same. I don’t have to go to court or the first house for several cases. The country’s great government affairs will come to you to consult me to commend my wishes. "I passed away more than a year later, at the age of 91, and the name of Mi is Yuan. Liu Shi was poor when he was young and walked with a stick. Whenever he arrived at a resting place, he would not disturb his master and handle everything like firewood and water by himself. When he has a prominent position and reputation, he often advocates frugality and simplicity, and does not pursue glamor. I once went to Shi Chong's house and went to the toilet. I saw a dark red patterned tent. mattress was very gorgeous. Two servants held sachets in their hands. Liu Gong then withdrew and said to Shi Chong with a smile, "I accidentally entered your inner room." Shi Chong said, "That's the toilet." Liu Gong said, "I have never enjoyed it in poverty." So he went to another toilet. Although Liu Wei was in a glorious and favored position, he did not have a mansion in his residence, and the salary he received was used to support and help his relatives and old friends. Although ethics and education are declining, he acts according to the right path.When his wife died, she held the funeral according to the system of Zhuzhangjue's house. She did not sleep with the woman until the funeral was over. Liu Gong didn't mind if the frivolous people laughed at him. Since childhood, I have been eager to study and never tire of studying. Even though I became an official, I never left the books. He is particularly proficient in the "Three Biography" and corrects the " Gongyang Biography ". He believes that Wei Zhi should not be disobedient because of his grandfather's orders. Ji Zhong has lost his moral integrity as a minister. He cited these two things to illustrate the etiquette of being a minister, so his views are popular in the world. He also wrote twenty volumes of the "Spring and Autumn Regulations". He has two sons, Liu Ji and Liu Xia. Liu Ji's courtesy name was Jingyun, and he became the regular attendant of the scattered cavalry. Liu Xia was abandoned by the world for corruption. Liu Zhi's younger brother, Liu Zhi, is named Zifang, and is chaste and simple, with the style of an elder brother. When he was young, his family was poor and he often carried firewood to support himself. He never stopped reciting books, and was eventually praised for his Confucian scholar's character. He served as the Minister of the Central Secretariat Huangmen and served as the prefect of Yingchuan . The people in Pingyuan once said to people: "My conversation with the brothers Liu Yingchuan made me feel refreshed and inspired. I didn't doze off when it was dark. Outside of the conversation time, I'm afraid I would also want to sleep during the day." He joined the court as secretary and the King of Nanyang, and was appointed as the attendant of the Sanqi, and was transferred to Shizhong, Shangshu, and Taichang. Written by "Theory of Mourning Clothing and Resolving Questions", there are many ways to analyze and explain. Taikang died in the late years, and Mi was Cheng.
Gao Guang, whose courtesy name is Xuanmao, was from Chenliucheng, and was the son of Wei Taiwei Rou. Only learn family business and practice punishment principles. At first, he was promoted to Shangshu Lang as the prince's servant, and was appointed as the governor of Youzhou and the prefect of Yingzhou. At that time, Emperor Wu placed Huangsha Prison and sentenced to prison for imperial edicts. He was the chief of the Emperor of Huangsha, and was promoted to the court magistrate. During the Yuan Kang period, he was appointed as the Minister of Shang and the Minister of the Three Dukes. At that time, King Lun of Zhao usurped the rebellion, and he was at the center of his throne, and he kept the Tao and the whole chastity. When Lun was sentenced to death, King Ji of Qi assisted in the administration, and then appointed Guang as the court lieutenant, promoted him to the Minister of State, and was appointed as the Chief of the Fengche. Later, he was appointed as the official of Yanling County, and the 1,800 households in the town. At that time, the courts all recommended the use of the rules, so they frequently used the rules and regulations. Emperor Hui was forced by Zhang Fang, but fortunately, the court officials fled and no one followed him, just serving the emperor alone to the west. He was promoted to the Minister of Shangshu Zuo Pushe and was appointed as the attendant of the Sanqi Chang. Brother Guang was used by Shangguan Si and others and served as the governors of Xu and Yong. The innocence of being incoherent, but the decisive and extraordinary relationship with the light. It is often said that Guang is a little bit of details. If you insult him lightly, Guang is more careful. After the emperor returned to Luoyang, the eldest brother Xinli was re-elected. Fu Xun was appointed as the young master, and he was appointed as the senior official of Guanglu, and the regular servant was as usual. When Emperor Huai ascended the throne, he added the Guanglu Dafu Jinzhang and Zishang, and praised him together with Fu Zhi . He was later appointed as the Secretary of State, and his official position was the same. He was given a terrible death and was awarded the title of Sikong and Shizhong. It was overthrown by Jingluo, but it was not given a posthumous title. Zitao's courtesy name is Ziyuan, and he is unpredictable. When Guang was the Tingwei, Tao received goods and a lieutenant reported the case, but Guang didn't know. Even though people at that time were not light, they could not prevent their children from being idle, because they were very dedicated and did not think they were tired. At first, Guang went to Chang'an to stay in Taiwan and served as the general of the Right Guard. Tao and the palace servants communicated with the villain, and Guang's soldiers continued to communicate in the mourning. At that time, East China Sea Wang Yue assisted in the government and did not observe the emperor. Tao knew that people's hearts were hopeful. He secretly planned to fight against Yue with the Taifu Jiang Ze, Jingzhao Du Jiao and others, and was executed. The historian said: The subordinates compete with each other and are literary, and the mean is quiet and the quality is better than advance without enough and retreat without any extra. Wei Shu and Liu Zhi thought about the essence, and formed a ribbon to climb the locust tree, and read the task. Ji Heqi asked about it very much, and he became a serious official. The poem says "greedy and scumbags", which is what Liu Xia calls it! Praise: Shu is not proud of his words, but he is worried about the thousand chariots. Zizhen and Xuan Mao have a peaceful ambition. If you advance loyally, you can promote your loyalty, and you can give in and make excuses. The bright coral vessel comes with a jade rope.
[Translation] Gao Guang's name is Xuan Mao, a native of Chenliu City, and is the son of Gao Rou, the Grand Marshal of Wei. Gao Guang was familiar with family business when he was young and was familiar with criminal law theory. At first, he was gradually moved from the prince's wife to the Shangshulang, and served as the governor of Youzhou and the prefect of Yingchuan. At that time, Emperor Wu set up a yellow sand prison and used the code to warn prisoners. Because Gao Guang knew the law throughout the ages, he was appointed as the Huangsha Censor, and his salary was the same as that of the Zhongcheng. He was transferred to the position of Tingwei. During the Yuankang period, he was appointed as the Minister of State and was in charge of the Three Dukes. At that time, King Sima Lun of Zhao usurped power and rebelled, and during that time, Gao Guang adhered to the right path and maintained integrity. When Sima Lun was sentenced to death, King Sima Tong of Qi assisted in the government and appointed Gao Guang as the court lieutenant, moved to Shangshu, and was appointed as the Minister of the Fengche. Later, he followed the emperor to attack Sima Ying, the King of Chengdu, and was named Duke of Yanling County and had a fief of 1,800 households.At that time, the court recommended Gao Guang to be good at using the method, so it served as a legal official many times. Emperor Hui was forced by Zhang Fang and went to Chang'an. The court ministers ran away, and there were no followers, but Gao Guang served the emperor to travel west. He was promoted to the position of the Minister of Shangshu Zuo Pushe and was appointed as the General Attorney of the Sanqi. Gao Guang's brother Gao Dan was appointed by Shangguan Si and others, and served as the governor of Tu and Yong states. There are no rules for being indulgent in a straight and decisive and strong person, which is different from the character of a highlight. Gao Dan often said that Shi Guang was confined to the minor details, and always bullied him, Gao Dan was even more respectful to him. After the emperor returned to the stolen house, the imperial prince had just established himself. He carefully selected the auxiliary talents, appointed Gao Guang as the young master, and was appointed as the Guanglu doctor, and the position of Changshu was still the same. When Emperor Huai ascended the throne, he was awarded the title of Guanglu Dafu Jinzhang Zishang, and was praised together with Fu Zhi. He was appointed as the Minister of State soon, and his original official position remained the same. He died of illness and was posthumously awarded the title of Sikong and Shizhong. When Thero was subverted, he did not even give him the Mi number. Zitao's courtesy name is Ziyuan, so he is indifferent and unpretentious. When Zhijiu was appointed as the Tingwei, Tao accepted bribes and the relevant officials reported the matter, but Gao Guang didn't know. Although people at that time criticized Gao Guang for not being able to guard against his son, because he was always careful, he did not let Gao Guang get into trouble by doing anything. At first, Gao Guang went to Chang'an to stay in the official office, allowing Gao Tao to serve as the General of the Right Guard. Gao Tao colluded with the villain in the residence of the emperor and the ministers, and when Gao Guang died, he was still in mourning. At that time, Sima Yue, the king of Shuhai, assisted in the government affairs and did not pay homage to the emperor. Gao Tao knew that people were complaining, so he secretly planned to attack Sima Yue with Taifu Jiang Ji, Jingzhao Du Wei and others, but the matter was leaked and was killed. Historians said: People with inferior talents compete and have literary talent, while people with medium talents are quiet and simple, it is better to advance without enough and retreat without enough. Wei Shu and Liu Zhi have the essence of their thinking. If they become officials, they will achieve great things. Ji Su responded earnestly and asked questions in a serious manner, and became an official. Is the poem "greedy and scum" about Liu Xia? Praise: Wei Shu is not arrogant in his words, and Li Yao dares to oppose the king and prince. Zizhen and Xuan Mao have noble ambitions and are difficult to bully. Be able to advance loyalty and favorable, and rise and give in. The bright coral instrument comes with bright jade rope stars.
