has been too busy recently, so I temporarily closed the consultation service on the pharmacist platform. But there are still thousands of friends on WeChat. From last night to today, six or seven friends have consulted me about the treatment of flu . I will answer the most frequently asked questions here.
A friend posted a screenshot of the Hong Kong flu epidemic during consultation and asked me why Hong Kong is so serious.
In fact, the influenza epidemic situation in the mainland is similar, but there is no accurate data released. I found a paper that just published about the positive correlation between the influenza epidemic and Baidu search index. According to the method provided by the paper, I searched the Baidu index for the past 30 days with the keyword "influenza". can see that the domestic influenza epidemic is still at a high level . , but it is gratifying that the peak of the epidemic seems to have crossed (see the blue area below).
Whether domestically or abroad, this year's influenza is still mainly infected with H1N1 (commonly known as influenza A). Influenza A started to be popular in 2009, and this year's flu season is already its 10th year. We already know that it is easy to develop severe illness after infection, but only the following ", the elderly, young, and pregnant" people are the high-risk people who have progressed to severe illness. needs to be highly valued and use antiviral drugs to treat as soon as possible (preferably within 48 hours of onset).
elderly : elderly people aged ≥65 years old;
young: children aged 5 years old (age <>
diseases: people with the following diseases or conditions: chronic respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases (except hypertension), kidney disease, liver disease, blood system diseases, nervous system and neuromuscular diseases, metabolic and endocrine system diseases, immune suppression (including the use of immunosuppressant or HIV infection, etc., causing immune function hypofunction);
fat: obese people [body mass index (body mass) index, BMI) is greater than 30, BMI=weight (kg)/height (m)2];
Pregnancy : Women during pregnancy and perinatal period.
Elderly healthy children and adults can withstand their resistance even if they are infected, as long as they drink more water and rest more, and do not need to take medicine.
Regarding antiviral treatment for high-risk populations and the high-risk populations with close contact with patients short-term antiviral prevention , we have hand-drawn a knowledge card, and we will not repeat it here. special reminder: oseltamivir does not have the effect of preventing influenza for a long time and cannot replace the preventive status of influenza vaccines!
In the past two days, my friends have asked me the most questions in addition to how to use antiviral drugs, it is the use of antipyretic drugs. What everyone’s most anxious about is what to do if the fever does not go away repeatedly. In fact, fever caused by influenza usually lasts for 3-5 days, a few or even more than 7 days. It can be replaced by taking antipyretic drugs. After the effect of the medicine, it will get fever again and again, and it will be repeated for 3-5 days. As long as the child has good mental state after taking the medicine, there is no need to be overly anxious.
If using a antipyretic medicine can effectively reduce fever, then use one. If has used one, for example, after using acetaminophen , the body temperature rises again in 4 hours, exceeding 39 degrees Celsius, and the minimum time interval of acetaminophen is 4 hours. At this time, you can no longer use acetaminophen, you can switch to ibuprofen .
It should be noted that the conventional replacement of acetaminophen from acetaminophen to ibuprofen, or ibuprofen to acetaminophen, is only a single drug replacement, and it is not conventionally recommended to use alternating drugs.
In addition, when a fever-reducing drug cannot effectively reduce fever, first needs to consider whether the dose is used to the maximum amount. As for the maximum amount of each antipyretic drug, we wrote in the knowledge card below.
From the card, we see that the maximum dose of for children taking acetaminophen is 15 mg per kilogram of body weight. If necessary, you can take it once every 4 hours, and up to 5 times in 24 hours.
Parents are very troubled with how to convert doses. Let me give you an example:
If the baby weighs 10 kg, the maximum dose that can be given each time is 10 kg body weight * 15 mg = 150 mg. If the concentration of acetaminophen in your home contains 100 mg drops per milliliter, then 150 mg is converted into the volume of the medicine feeding is 1.5 ml.
is only considered for alternating use of acetaminophen and ibuprofen when there are a few unsuccessful situations such as continuous high fever and failure.
The minimum dosage interval of acetaminophen is 4 hours. When the fever has not yet subsided after the maximum dose of acetaminophen, the fever has not yet subsided. Only then can the alternating use of ibuprofen be considered. The minimum interval of alternating use of these two drugs is two hours. When used alternately, the maximum number of times each day of the two drugs will remain unchanged, that is, acetaminophen is up to 5 times, ibuprofen is up to 4 times, and the total number of times the two drugs can be used up to 9 times.
again emphasizes that when you only need to take antipyretics two or three times a day, it is recommended to choose a single antipyretic. is that every time you add one drug, the risk of taking the wrong medicine will double. Therefore, when using one antipyretic can control fever, do not use two types alternately.
In addition, when taking medicine to reduce fever, you should also drink water in small amounts and multiple times. Accelerating the excretion process is conducive to taking away the heat in the body. At the same time, do not use alcohol to wipe and reduce fever, especially for infants and young children. Alcohol can easily penetrate the tender skin of children and lead to alcohol poisoning.
As for how to care and treat other symptoms after influenza, see the articles written in the past:
9 key points for cold treatment and care in children (http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5MjgwOTI5MQ==mid=2650203885idx=1sn=c6f12cd13e364f11a11843c5f04e501fchksm=bea2eec989d567dfe97dcc9ed8c3f34e3bd 97400b30c8925b3a853edd4642bcdc62b1bc8a7a8scene=21#wechat_redirect)
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"Ask the Pharmacist" founder
Bestseller: "Ji Lianmei Talks: Chinese People Should Use Medicine This Way"
China Union Medical University Master of Pharmacy . He has worked in Beijing International SOS Rescue Center, Walmart Pharmacy Chain in New Jersey, Beijing United Family Hospital and other units. Specializes in medication guidance during children, pregnancy and breastfeeding.
