Pei Gaocai introduced Chen Shi's "Learning for the Country" at the launch ceremony of the Second Cheng Lecture Hall "Chen Shi, President of the University of China"
While studying in Japan, Chen Yinghuan (i.e. Chen Shi) recalled the academies and new education he received at the Wanglu Academy and the school of Huangpi, as well as the new education that Zhangzhidong was promoted in Huguang . He specially carefully inspected the real situation of education revitalization after the implementation of Meiji Restoration in . In particular, he developed a strong interest in the school management philosophy of Fukuzawa Yukiki, the founder of Keio University , a famous Japanese private university.
The so-called "private schools" refer to social groups and individuals with legal person qualifications independent of the government, creating private schools that comply with national laws and implement academic or non-educational teaching. Similar to today's private schools, including private universities and primary and secondary schools.
Central China Normal University and Huangpi experts gathered at Ercheng Academy to release "Chen Shi"_20220513
In fact, Chen Yinghuan knew as early as when he was studying at Wanglu Academy (his formerly known as Ercheng Academy) that Chinese private school had been produced in the Spring and Autumn Period. Among them, Confucius set up a school in Qufu and taught his disciples with poetry, calligraphy, rituals and music, which was the representative of the early ancient private schools. Since then, "learning in the government" has gradually become "learning in the four barbarians". Schools and academies, which had a great influence on ancient Chinese education, were also private schools. It was only during the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty that the imperial court gradually entered the path of becoming an official school. It was not until 1905 that , the new policy of in the late Qing Dynasty, that imperial examination was abolished, modern academic system was established, private schools began to flourish, and various school-running models emerged one after another. However, most of those schools belong to primary schools.
A corner of Keio University, Japan
Keio University in Japan, also known as Keio University , abbreviated as "Keida". It is a world-renowned research-oriented comprehensive university in Japan. It is known as the first private institution in Asia. It is the oldest private comprehensive higher education institution in Japan. Its main campus is located in the center of Tokyo Metropolitan, Japan, adjacent to Tokyo Tower. The predecessor of "Keiyo" was "Ran Xueshu" founded in 1858. It was earlier than the first Tokyo University , which was established in accordance with the modern school system. It is the oldest university in Japan. Under the guidance and influence of Fukuzawa Yukiki, Keiyo has continued to develop. He has nine undergraduate departments and eleven graduate schools on five campuses in Tokyo and the suburbs, and eight schools that implement the consistent education of junior and senior high schools (including schools opened abroad). To this day, the school still plays a pioneering leadership role in all areas of Japanese society.
Chen Shi, Li Faju wrote about the motto of China University of China
The motto is the soul of a school. After careful investigation of Keio University, Chen Yinghuan felt that the school motto of "independent self-esteem" proposed by Fukuzawa Yukichi is of far-reaching significance. The word "school motto" was originally an imported word introduced by China from Japan. The earliest Chinese interpretation of the concept of "school motto" was Zhonghua Book Company 1930. Its explanation of "school motto" is: "For the convenience of training, the school selected several moral education items to make plaques, which were suspended in the public opinion in the school... The purpose is to make individuals pay attention to it and practice it at any time."
Chen Shi portrait
Chen Yinghuan believes that the motto of Keiyo University reflects the school's running tradition, represents campus culture and educational concepts, is a high condensation of the humanistic spirit, and is the accumulation of its history and culture. The motto of this old school provides him with a golden key to open the school’s history and culture door, and opens a window for him to look at his spiritual home. He secretly warned himself that if he founded a university in the future, he must learn from its motto.
Central China Normal University Director Zhou Jianming presented the motto of "Chan Shi, President of the University of China" (written by Pei Gaocai and Chen Qi) and "Chan Shi and the University of China" (edited by Chen Jiayi)
"Independent and Self-esteem" deeply reflects the concept of "Independence and Self-esteem" by Fukuzawa Yukichi, the founder of Keio University. Fukuzawa Yukiki was the father of modern Japan's education and a pioneer of new culture and new ideas during the Meiji period.At that time, Japan was invaded by the great powers just like China, and the awakened Japanese people began to learn advanced Western culture, just like China's Westernization Movement. However, unlike the Chinese Westernization School, which emphasizes that "middle school is the basis and Western learning is the application", adheres to the incompleteness and is arrogant, Fukuzawa Yukiki warns Japanese society that in the face of the challenges of Western culture, it is necessary to thoroughly learn the core of its civilization, namely freedom, equality, independence, etc., rather than just introducing science and technology and social systems, and transforming the slave-like spiritual form of the Japanese people under autocratic oppression through education, and transforming the Japanese from obedient "subjects" into "independent and self-esteem" citizens. This is the basis for the sustainable progress of a modern civilized country and society.
China University alumnus Ai Yuying asked "Dao Cheng Xuanni" for the 61st graduates of his alma mater
At the same time, Chen Yinghuan often used letters to talk to his father about his empathy for studying abroad, believing that China should establish a private university similar to Qingying University. As an educator, Chen Xuankai often sent back letters to encourage and encourage his son to study and investigate.
can only be distinguished if compared. After graduating from Keio University, Chen Yinghuan entered Japan's Chuo University and Waseda University , studying and inspecting. He particularly admired Waseda University (or Tokyo vocational school) Okuma Shigeshinobu , a famous Japanese educator who was knowledgeable in the East and West, and was a pioneer in spreading Western European civilization around the Meiji Restoration of Japan.
Japanese educator Fukuzawa Yukiki
Waseda University, referred to as "Sakeda University", is a world-renowned research-oriented comprehensive university located in Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan. In 1882, accompanied by the declaration of "Independence in knowledge", former Japanese Prime Minister Shigeon Okuma founded Waseda University. It was originally called "Wseda School", and was approved to be reorganized as "Wseda University" on September 2, 1902. The department has undergraduate and graduate schools. There are also affiliated schools such as higher education institutions, specialized schools, , industrial schools, high schools and junior high schools.
Under the influence of Fukuzawa Yukichi and Shigetsunobu Okuma, Chen Yinghuan compared the poor and weak China with a strong Japan with a strong interest, and realized that Japan's strength was the result of Japan's Meiji Restoration's emphasis on education, thus accepting the view that Fukuzawa Yukichi, a famous modern enlightenment thinker, "Talent is the wealth of the country, and education is the foundation of governing the country." He believes that a country with many illiterates cannot be among the nations of the world. He further strengthened his confidence in returning to China to start a school and revitalize China with education.
Japanese students took a photo with Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing and others after attending the Tongmenghui. 1905
once. Sun Yat-sen warned Chen Yinghuan: "The foundation of revolution lies in profound knowledge. Knowledge is the foundation of a country, and the civilizations of the East and West countries are all based on knowledge." Chen Yinghuan was deeply inspired by Sun Yat-sen's idea of "study and revolution" and believed that only by establishing a university can we educate and cultivate revolutionary and construction talents with profound knowledge. Therefore, education for the prosperity of the country and the revolution of 11 1911 complement each other. He is increasingly convinced that cultivating talents for the country is his goal. He wrote this: In the history of modern Chinese education, the name of "China University" must be written!
Hubei Military Government, who personally experienced the Wuchang Uprising, served in the Hubei Military Government
Chen Xuankai and Chen Yinghuan and his son helped Chen Xuankai come out for the second time through frequent letters and face-to-face exchanges during winter and summer vacations. In 1910, he founded a new school - the Chinese Academy, on the back street of Wuchangfu, which means "revitalizing China". We hired famous teachers Wu Dekai and Zhu Weiqi to give lectures. The school system was built in the imitation of the charity school at Keio University in Japan. So, can Chen Yinghuan’s desire to start a university come true? Will look at the next section...
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