"How big has the changes in 51 years? Chinese naval destroyers have developed from the first generation to the fourth generation》
In recent years, the development of the Chinese navy on destroyers has been rapid, especially in the past 10 years, the Chinese naval destroyers have developed two generations. This speed is rare in the history of the world's naval. From the third-generation 052D destroyer to the fourth-generation 0.55 10,000-ton large-scale drive, not only has a fast development speed, but its technology and tonnage have achieved leapfrog development, and its firepower level has also been upgraded to a new level. But, do you know? The development of the Chinese Navy has experienced difficulties in the past, but now it has taken less than 10 years to complete the road. We have used it for more than 30 years. Before the birth of 052D, my country's development on the first-generation destroyers and second-generation destroyers took more than 30 years. So what is the development path of my country's destroyer?
The first generation destroyer of the Chinese Navy - the first generation destroyer of the Chinese Navy - 051 destroyer
051 destroyer is the first generation destroyer developed by the Chinese Navy. In 1969, after 20 years of slow development and foreign technology, under the weak technology, economy and industry, and after hardships, the first ship of the first generation destroyer of the Chinese Navy designed by Li Fuli and Pan Jingfu and others was launched in the Dalian Shipyard, with the hull number "105". It was incorporated into the Chinese Navy Destroyer Detachment in December 1971. Its appearance marked a significant achievement in my country's development on destroyers, and achieved a leap from imitation to independent development, which has epoch-making historical significance.
But compared with the destroyers of Western developed countries, the Type 051 destroyer was more than 20 years behind at that time, only equivalent to the level in the 1950s. The gap is very obvious. The standard displacement is 3,250 tons and the full load displacement is only 3,670 tons. Foreign countries have not had high evaluations of it because it lacks effective air defense and anti-submarine firepower, and its overall firepower is poor. The structural design is also backward, the entire hull has few waterproof compartments, and there is also a lack of sufficient protection between the cabins, so the design has poor sinking and damage resistance. There is no complete air-conditioning equipment and nuclear, biochemical and three-defense system; communication and electronic equipment are backward, early models do not have a comprehensive combat command center, and living conditions are poor, the internal working space is small, the temperature is high, the noise is high, and the living environment of officers and soldiers is poor. Although all aspects are unsatisfactory, its appearance has laid the foundation for the development of Chinese naval destroyers, and has also allowed the Chinese navy to finally have its own destroyers, and has made great contributions to safeguarding China's maritime rights and interests. On August 28, 2020, the last two Type 051 destroyers, the Zhanjiang ship (051G1) and the Zhuhai ship (051G2) were retired at the same time. Their withdrawal marks that the Type 051 destroyers (17 ships in total) were all retired from active service after serving in the Chinese Navy for 50 years, completing their historical mission, and withdrawing from the historical stage, and replaced by the newer and more advanced ship .
The second-generation destroyer of the Chinese Navy - the Type 052 missile destroyer
051 destroyer After it was put into service, due to backward technology, all aspects were unsatisfactory. In order to catch up with the advanced world level, the backward situation was changed. At the same time, with the improvement of China's relations with Western countries in the 1980s, the introduction of military technology has emerged. The Chinese Navy began to prepare for the development of the second-generation destroyer of the Chinese Navy and named it the "Type 052 Missile Destroyer". Construction of the Type 052 missile destroyer started in 1989. On May 8, 1994, the first ship of the Type 052 missile destroyer, the Harbin, was officially launched, with the hull number "112". The use of a large number of advanced technologies makes it known as the "first ship in China". The level of modernization and comprehensive combat have been greatly improved compared with the Type 051 destroyer. The development of the Chinese destroyer in has officially entered the modernization sequence.
052 destroyer has achieved three firsts, and for the first time, it has equipped the destroyer with air defense missile system and automated command and control system, giving the ship a certain short-range air defense capability. It has used a closed bridge with airworthiness for the first time, used gas turbines as power for the first time, and equipped with advanced anti-ship and anti-submarine weapon systems, and the level of informatization has also been greatly improved.At the same time, the 052 type takes into account the requirements of ergonomic environmental engineering, and the living habitability of the crew is significantly improved compared with the 051 type. The tonnage has also been improved, with the standard displacement reaching 4,200 tons and the full load displacement of 4,800 tons.
However, because the electronics, weapons and power equipment of the Type 052 destroyer come from Western countries such as Europe and the United States (for example, the LM2500 gas turbine used by power comes from the United States), China's relations with Western countries began to deteriorate in the late 1980s, and China imposed blockades and restrictions on technology output, resulting in only two ships of this model being built The construction was suspended until the beginning of the 21st century, after absorbing some of the technologies of Russian or Soviet naval ships and their own technological progress, the Type 052B destroyer was built. However, due to the unsatisfactory overall combat level, many technical problems were not solved. Only two of this model were built, which were transitional ships. Later, the Type 052C missile destroyer and Type 052D destroyer were built on it, making the level of Chinese Navy destroyer into the world's leading line.
The third generation destroyer of the Chinese Navy - 052B/C/D missile destroyer
After entering the 21st century, neighboring countries began to change into "Asian Shield-class" destroyers, which made our technology lag behind the advanced level. To this end, we built three destroyers models 052B/C/D, which brought the development of Chinese naval destroyers into the third generation. In particular, the entry of the 052D destroyer marks that the development of the 052 family destroyer has truly entered the world's leading ranks. The problems encountered by all previous models have been fully solved and large-scale construction has been truly achieved.
On March 21, 2014, the first ship of the 052D destroyer, the "Kunming Ship", officially joined the People's Navy's combat sequence, with a hull number of 172. As the youngest model in the 052 series family, due to its super regional air defense and ocean-going combat capabilities, it has become the main surface combat ship of the People's Navy in service. This model of ships first realizes the co-launch of various ship-borne weapons such as the PLA Navy surface ship air defense, anti-ship or anti-submarine, and can attack surface ships and submarines separately or in coordination with other naval forces, and has strong regional air defense and sea combat capabilities, and even ground strike capabilities.
As of As of August 30, 2020, 25 Type 052D destroyers have been launched, making it the most built destroyer in the history of the Chinese navy, and it is the absolute main force of the Chinese navy. But the 052D destroyer is not our ultimate goal, and its firepower level is still a certain gap with the United States. In order to achieve the world's leading level, we have built the fourth-generation destroyer, the 055 10,000-ton destroyer.
The fourth generation destroyer of the Chinese Navy - the 055 10,000-ton destroyer
If the 052D destroyer is a ship that China is catching up with the world's advanced level, then the 055 10,000-ton destroyer is a star product of the Chinese Navy's catch-up with the world's advanced level. On January 12, 2020, the first 055 destroyer, , served in a military port of , Qingdao . The hull number is "101", marking the success of the construction of the Type 055 10,000-ton destroyer, and the development of Chinese naval destroyers has entered the fourth generation. This model of ship can be said to be the "cultivator" of the development of Chinese naval destroyers for more than 50 years. It not only has a large tonnage, but also uses a large amount of advanced technology, firepower and informatization levels. The
055 destroyer attracted attention from home and abroad when it was launched. The stealth design and the integrated design of various antennas, radar and other systems make its hull surface very simple, not only has high appearance, but also has very strong firepower. Due to the increase in tonnage, the Type 055 destroyer has more space. It adopts a 112-unit vertical launch system, and can achieve a one-pit multi-magnet launch, which can achieve full coverage of sea, air, land and anti-submarine, which not only improves efficiency, but also has stronger firepower.
At the same time, the 055 10,000 tons large drive also uses dual-band radar, making it have the ability to anti-stealing ability and even anti-low-orbit satellites. For this reason, the 055 10,000-ton destroyer was also called the "maritime all-rounder" and the "sword guard" of the future aircraft carrier.In addition, the Type 055 destroyer is also the most mature destroyer designed in my country from the beginning. It has built eight of them in the first batch and entered service in a short period of time. This is the first time in the history of the Chinese navy, because whether it is the Type 051 or 052 series destroyer in the past, it has been constructed and stopped, and is constantly in the process of improvement, and the speed is relatively slow. It has also been 20 years of development that the 052D has truly achieved large-scale construction. Therefore, the Type 055 destroyer was mass-built from the beginning, which fully demonstrates that the design of this type of ship is very successful and can better reflect the design, construction and technical level of Chinese destroyers.
Summary
From the launch of the first Type 051 destroyer to the first Type 055 10,000-ton destroyer, the development of the Chinese Navy destroyer took 51 years, from the first generation to the fourth generation. In the process, he went through hardships and suffered technological blockades from other countries. In the past, he was even "sarcastic" by Western countries. However, after the continuous efforts of generations of Chinese naval personnel, the Chinese Navy has become "not the same as before", and its comprehensive strength has reached the world's leading level. The Chinese Navy has also achieved the goal of starting offshore defense to ocean-going operations. The Chinese Navy is no longer the backward, poor and backward Chinese Navy in the past. In the future, we will go further, become stronger, and have stronger models added. To this end, we look forward to witnessing the development of the Chinese Navy together.
(Animalist on October 24, 2020, please do not reprint without authorization, plagiarism will be prosecuted!)
