"The Thousand Character Essay" is a four-character long poem with coherent beginning and end, and beautiful phonology. It starts with "The sky and the earth are dark and yellow, the universe is primitive" and ends with "The predicate helps, how can it be so". The full text has a total of 250 sentences, each with four words and one sentence. The words are not repeated. The sentences rhyme and are coherent. The content introduces various aspects such as astronomy, nature, self-cultivation, human ethics, geography, history, farming, sacrifices, gardening, diet and daily life in an orderly manner. .
"The Thousand-Character Classic" was compiled by Zhou Xingsi of the Southern Dynasties. According to legend, there is a story about its writing; it turned out that Emperor Wu of Liang ordered Yin Tieshi to add a thousand characters that were not repeated in the inscription written by Wang Xizhi. , for the princes to study. However, because the words were isolated and not related to each other, he summoned Zhou Xingsi and told him: "If you are talented, please rhyme it for me." It only took Zhou Xingsi one night to compile it for Emperor Wu. This is the "Thousand-Character Classic" that has been handed down to this day. Zhou Xingsi's "Thousand-Character Essay" is well thought out, rich in knowledge, and has beautiful phonology. It is suitable for children to memorize, so it has become a textbook for elementary school students for thousands of years.
Annotations for the full text of Li Yangbing's Seal Script "Thousand Character Classic":
tiān dì xuán huángyǔ zhòu hóng huāngrì yuè yíng zèchén xiù liè zhāng Heaven and earth are black and yellow, the universe is prehistoric, the sun and the moon are full, and Chensu is listed [Explanation] The sky is blue-black and the earth is yellow , the universe was formed in a state of chaos and ignorance. The sun is straight and tilted, the moon is full and waning, and the stars are all over the boundless space.
〖Note〗ying: full moonlight.昃(zè): The sun sets in the west. Su (xiù) (ancient) Chinese astronomers call the collection of certain stars in the sky "Su".
hán lái shǔ wǎngqiū shōu dōng cángrùn yú chéng suìlǜ lǚ tiáo yáng cold comes and summer goes, autumn harvests, winter hides, leap remainders, adult law, Lu Tiaoyang [Explanation] The cycle of cold and heat changes, comes and goes, goes and comes; crops are harvested in autumn, and in winter Store food. The accumulated leap years are combined into one month and placed in the leap year; the ancients used Liulu and Liulu to regulate yin and yang.
〖Note〗Lü: In ancient China, an octave was divided into twelve semitones that were not completely equal, arranged in order from low to high. Each semitone was called a law, and the odd-numbered laws were called "Lv", and the even-numbered laws were called "Lü". "Lu", collectively known as "Liu Lu" and "Liu Lu", is also referred to as "Lü Lu". According to legend, during the time of the Yellow Emperor, Ling Lun controlled music and used Lu Lu to adjust yin and yang.
yún téng zhì yǔlù jié wéi shuāngjīn shēng lí shuǐyù chū kūn gāng Clouds cause rain and dew condenses into frost, gold produces beautiful water, jade comes out of Kungang [Explanation] When clouds rise and become cold, they form rain, and at night, when dew becomes cold, they condense into frost. Gold is produced in the Jinsha River, and jade is produced in the Kunlun Mountains.
〖Note〗Lishui: Lijiang, also known as Jinsha River, produces gold. Kungang: Kunlun Mountains.
jiàn hào jù quèzhū chēng yè guāngguǒ zhēn lǐ nàicài zhòng jiè jiāng Sword No. Juque Pearls are called luminous fruit treasures Li Yucai heavy mustard ginger [Explanation] The sharpest sword is called "Juque", and the most precious pearl is called "Juque". Luminous". The most precious fruits are plums and seeds, and the most important vegetables are mustard greens and ginger.
〖Note〗Juque (què): Yue Wang Yunchang ordered Ou Yezi to forge five swords. The first was Juque, and the others were named Chungou, Zhanlu (zhàn lú), Moxie (mò xié), and Yu. The intestines are all extremely sharp, but Juque is the sharpest.
Luminous at night: It is said in "Sou Shen Ji" that the Marquis of the Sui Dynasty rescued an injured big snake. Later, the big snake repaid his kindness by holding a pearl in its mouth. The radiance emitted by the pearl at night could illuminate the entire palace, so it was called " Luminous beads”.
氰 (nài): The name of the fruit tree, a small deciduous tree with white flowers and small fruits.
hǎi xián hé dànlín qián yǔ xiánglóng shī huǒ dìniǎo guān rén huánghaixianhe light scale latent feather flying dragon master fire emperor bird official human emperor [Explanation] The sea water is salty, the river water is fresh, and the fish swim in the water , birds flying in the sky. The Dragon Master, the Fire Emperor, the Bird Official, and the Human Emperor were all imperial officials from ancient times.
〖Note〗Dragon Master: According to legend, Fuxi named all officials after dragons, so he was called "Dragon Master".
Fire Emperor: Shennong named all officials after fire, so he was called "Fire Emperor".
Bird Officer: Shaohao (hào) named Baiguan after a bird, calling him "Bird Officer".
Human Emperor: One of the legendary Three Emperors. "Historical Records: Supplementary Records of the Three Emperors" says: "The human emperor has nine heads, rides on a cloud chariot, and drives six big birds. He has nine brothers. He is divided into nine states and each has its own city. It has been passed down for 150 generations, with a total of 45,600 Year.
shǐ zhì wén zìnǎi fú yī shangtuī wèi ràng guóyǒu yú táo táng The first text was made by Fu Yishang, and the state-owned Yu Tao Tang [Explanation] Cangjie (jié) created the text, and Lei (léi) made the clothes. Tang Yao , Yu Shun was wise and selfless, and took the initiative to abdicate the throne to the meritorious sages.
[Note] Youyu: There is the name of the Yu clan, the legendary ancient tribe, Shun here refers to Shun, also known as Yu. Shun. Tao Tang: The name of the legendary ancient tribe, Yao here refers to Yao, also known as Tang Yao. Yao was the king for seventy years and gave up the throne to Shun when he died; Shun was the king for fifty years, and then passed the throne to Yu; it was called "Chan (shàn) Rang" in history. Chuigong Pingzhang [Explanation] It was King Wu Jifa of Zhou Dynasty and King Shang Chengtang who appeased the people and defeated the tyrants. The wise monarch sat in the court and asked the ministers about the way of governing the country. Taiping, outstanding achievements.
〖Note〗 Zhou Fa: The first monarch of the Western Zhou Dynasty, King Wu Ji (jī), defeated the tyrant King Zhou of Shang and established the Zhou Dynasty
Yin Tang: In the history of Shang Dynasty . Known as the Yin Dynasty, Chengtang was the first monarch. He defeated the tyrant Jie of the Xia Dynasty and established the Shang Dynasty. rule. "It means that the world is peaceful by doing nothing. It is often used as a formula to praise the emperor for ruling without doing anything.
Pingzhang: Pingzhang means peace. Zhangtong means "Zhang", clearly, obviously.
ài yù lí shǒuchén fú róng qiāngxiá ěr yī tǐshuài bīn guī wáng The chief minister of Aiyu Li, Fu Rong and Qiang Xia You, led his guests back to the king. [Explanation] They caressed and cared about the common people, making all the people from all over the world bow their heads and become one, and all the common people were obedient. Surrender to his rule.
〖Explanation〗Xiayou (xiá ěr): Refers to the distance.
Shuibin: From the "Book of Songs": "Everything in the world is the king's land; the shores of the king's land are all the king's ministers.
míng fèng zài shùbái jū shí chánghuà bèi cǎo mùlài jí wàn fāng The singing phoenix turned into a phoenix in the Zhubaiju food court and was surrounded by vegetation. [Explanation] The phoenix chirped happily in the bamboo forest, and the little white horse ate freely on the grass. Feeding on grass. The benevolent rule of the sage and virtuous king brought blessings to all the people in the world.
〖Note〗Ju (jū): little horse.
gài cǐ shēn fàsì dà wǔ changgōng wéi jū yǎngqǐ gǎn huǐ shāngHow can Gongwei Juyang dare to damage this body, hair, and hair? "Five Constants". I sincerely think about the kindness of my parents in raising me, how dare I destroy and damage it.
〖Note〗 Cover: a word, no real meaning.
Four: refers to earth, water, wind, fire.
Five constants: refers to Benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trust.
Ju (jū): to raise, to raise.
nǚ mù zhēn jiénán xiào cái liángzhī guò bì gǎidé néng mò wàng Women admire chaste men only if they have a conscience and must change their mistakes and never forget them. [Explanation] Women should admire those chaste women who are rigorous in their conduct, and men should imitate those who are talented and talented. Moral person. If you know you have made a mistake, you must correct it; if you are suitable for what you do, don't give up.
wǎng tán bǐ duǎnmǐ shì jǐ chángxìn shǐ kě fùqì yù nán liáng Don’t talk about others’ shortcomings. Relying on one’s own longcomings can make things difficult to overcome. [Explanation] Don’t talk about other people’s shortcomings, and don’t rely on your own strengths to make progress. If you are honest, you must be able to withstand the test, and you must be generous and hard to measure.
〖Comment〗罔(wǎng): none, no, no. Mi (mǐ): none, no, no. rely (shì): rely on, rely on.
mò bēi sī rǎnshī zàn gāo yángjǐng xíng wéi xiánkè niàn zuò shèng Mo Bei Silk Dyeing Poems Praise Lamb Jingxing Weixian Ke Nian Zusheng [Explanation] Mozi lamented that the white silk was dyed with variegated colors, praised in the Book of Songs Lambs can always remain white. We should admire the virtues of sages, restrain our selfish desires, and strive to imitate them.
〖Note〗Mo: Mozi, named Zhai. A native of Lu (some say Song), a thinker in the early Warring States period and the founder of the Mohist school. He saw the craftsmen putting white silk into the dyeing vat for dyeing, and lamented: "Dyeing with blue will make it green, dyeing with yellow will make it yellow." He emphasized that people should pay attention to resist the influence of bad environment and maintain their innate goodness.
Lamb: The line comes from: "Poetry·Zhaonan·Lamb": "The lamb's skin is made of five pieces of plain silk." By chanting the pure white color of the lamb's wool, it praises the gentleman's "thrift, integrity, and virtue like a lamb." "Mao Preface" ": ""Lamb" is the result of the magpie's nest. The country of Zhaonan is governed by King Wen, who is frugal and upright in office, and has virtues like a lamb."
Jingxing: The words come from "Poetry·Xiaoya·Chejia": "When the mountains are high, the scenery is still." It means to look up at the mountains, to look up to the moral character of the wise, and to stand in the same line. K: Yes.
dé jiàn míng lìxíng duān biǎo zhèngkōng gǔ chuán shēngxū táng xí tīng Dejian’s name is upright, the appearance is upright, the sound is empty, the valley is empty, the sound is empty, the hall is accustomed to listening [Explanation] If you develop good morals, you will have a good reputation; just like having a dignified body , the instrument looks straight. The shouts carried far in the empty valley, and the voices in the spacious hall were very clear.
Misfortunes are caused by bad accumulation, and good fortunes are celebrated. A ruler and a jade are not treasures, but an inch of yin is a jade.
〖Note〗 Habit: An unconscious activity that is gradually developed by doing it repeatedly over a long period of time.
huò yīn è jīfú yuán shàn qìngchǐ bì fēi bǎocùn yīn shì jìng The cause of misfortune is the accumulation of good fortune, good luck, good luck, a ruler is not a treasure, an inch of Yin is Jing [Explanation] Disasters are the result of many evil deeds, and fortune is the reward of good deeds. A foot-long jade cannot be considered a real treasure, but even a moment is worth cherishing.
〖Note〗 Two sentences about misfortunes and blessings: The words come from "Yi Kun·Wenyan": "A house that accumulates good deeds will have more happiness; a house that accumulates bad deeds will have more disasters."
zī fù shì jūnyuē yán yǔ jìngxiào dāng jié lìzhōng zé jìn mìng To serve your father, you must be strict and respectful. You must do your best to be loyal and fulfill your orders. [Explanation] To support your father and serve the monarch, you must be serious and respectful. To be filial to your parents you should do your best, and to be loyal to your monarch you should sacrifice your life.
〖Comment〗Thing: serve.
lín shēn lǚ bósù xīng wēn qìngsì lán sī xīnrú sōng zhī shèng Lin Shen Lu thin Su Xing Wen Yan is as warm as a lance and is as prosperous as a pine [Explanation] Be as cautious as "walking on thin ice"; get up early and go to bed late to serve your parents Let them feel warm in winter and cool in summer. Let your virtue be as fragrant as orchid and as lush as pine and cypress.
〖Note〗Su Xing: "Su Xing sleeps all night". Su, early. Wen 凊 (qìng): "warm in winter and warm in summer".凊, cool.
chuān liú bù xīyuān chéng qǔ yìngróng zhǐ ruò sīyán cí ān dìng The stream is endless, the abyss is clear, the reflection is reflected, the words are calm, and the words are calm. [Explanation] It can also be extended to future generations, like the endless flow of a great river; it can influence the world, like the clear blue pool shining on people. Your appearance and behavior should be calm and serene, your words should be prudent, and you should appear calm and composed.
dǔ chū chéng měishèn zhōng yí lìngróng yè suǒ jījí shèn wú jìng Duty in the beginning, sincerity in beauty, prudentness in the end, the foundation of Rongye is very unfinished [Explanation] Regardless of self-cultivation, study, and paying attention to the beginning, it is good, if you do it seriously, there will be good results Results are more important. This is the foundation of a lifelong career of honor. With this foundation, there is no end to development.
[Note] Du (dǔ): loyalty, integrity. Borrow (jiè): something used as a cushion, something to rely on.
The people of Zhou remembered Zhao Bo's virtuous administration. When Zhao Gong was alive, he used to govern under the Gantang tree. After his death, the people remembered him even more.
〖Note〗Excellence in learning: "The Analects of Confucius" has the saying "Excellence in learning leads to officialdom". Photo by
(shè): Agent.
Gantang: the name of the tree. That is Tangli. "Historical Records. "The Family of Duke Zhao of Yan": " King Wu of Zhou Dynasty King Zhao Gong was granted the title of Northern Yan... Duke Zhao was patrolling the villages and towns, and there were tang trees. He was responsible for the government affairs under him. From the prince to the common people, everyone had his own place, and there was no dereliction of duty. "Zhao Gong died, but the people thought about Zhao Gong's government and dared not cut down the Hua Tang tree, so I chanted it and wrote the poem "Gantang". Later, he used "Gantang" to praise Xunli's good governance and legacy.
yuè shū guì jiànlǐ bié zūn bēishàng hé xià mùfū chàng fù suíLeshu Nobless etiquette, distinction between superiors and inferiors, superiors and inferiors, harmonious husbands singing, women following [Explanation] Music should be different according to people's status, and etiquette should be based on people's status. The difference. The superiors and subordinates should live in harmony, and the husband and wife should sing along and be harmonious.
wài shòu fù xùnrù fèng mǔ yízhū gū bó shūyóu zǐ bǐ ér Receive training from the master outside and enter into the rites of mother-in-law, all aunts, uncles, and children [Explanation] Receive the training from the master outside, and follow the teachings of the parents at home. Treat your aunts, uncles, uncles and other elders as if they were your own children.
kǒng huái xiōng dìtóng qì lián zhījiāo yǒu tóu fènqiē mó zhēn guīKong Huai brothers make friends with the same qi and make friends with the same qi and make friends with the same qi and make friends with the same qi and make friends with each other. [Explanation] Brothers should care about each other because they share the blood of their parents, just like branches connected. To make friends, you need to be like-minded, learn from each other, and encourage each other in terms of conduct.
〖Note〗Kong Huai: From "Poetry·Xiaoya·Chang Di": "The power of death and mourning is brother Kong Huai." Later, "Kong Huai" was often used to refer to "brother".
Cutting: This originally refers to the processing of jade and other utensils, which is extended to academic research.
Proverb (zhēn): exhortation, exhortation.
rén cí yǐn cèzào cì fú líjié yì lián tuìdiān pèi fēi kuī benevolence, compassion, righteousness, integrity, retreat, compassion, [Explanation] Benevolence, righteousness, love, and compassion for others cannot be tolerated at any time or anywhere. throw away. Characters such as integrity, justice, honesty, and humility cannot be lacking even in the most destitute times.
〖Note〗 Yinqi (yǐn cè): compassion, pity, sympathy. Dianpei (diān pèi): to fall down, a metaphor for being in an embarrassing and difficult situation. Bandit (fěi): non, no.
xìng jìng qíng yìxīn dòng shén píshǒu zhēn zhì mǎnzhú wù yì yí nature is quiet, emotion is relaxed, heart is moved, spirit is tired, true ambition is full, things are moved, thoughts are moved [Explanation] Keep the inner peace and calm, the mood will be comfortable and comfortable, the heart will be moved by external things, and the spirit will be moved. You will feel tired and sleepy. If you maintain your innate good nature, your wishes will be satisfied, and if you pursue materialistic enjoyment, your good nature will shift and change.
jiān chí yǎ cāohǎo jué zì mídū yì huá xiàdōng xī èr jīngAdhere to elegance and good title from the capital city of China, East and West two capitals [Explanation] Firmly maintain elegance and sentiment, and a good position will naturally belong to you. The ancient Chinese capitals were gorgeous and spectacular, including Luoyang in Tokyo and Chang'an in Xijing.
〖Note〗縻 (mǐ): tie, tie, tie. Yi (yì): capital, capital.
bèi máng miàn luòfú wèi jù jīnggōng diàn pán yùlóu guàn fēi jīng back Mang face Luo Fuwei according to Jing palace Panyu tower watch the flying surprise [Explanation] Luoyang is close to Mang Mountain in the north and faces Luoshui; Chang'an is across Weishui in the north and is far away from Jing. river.The palace has twists and turns, and the towers and palaces are about to fly in the sky, which is frightening.
〖Note〗Mang (mánɡ): Mountain name, Bei Mang Mountain, in Henan Province.
tú xiě qín shòuhuà cǎi xiān língbǐng shè páng qǐjiǎ zhàng duì yíng Illustrations of animal paintings, colorful paintings of immortals and spirits next to the tent, and couplets [Explanation] There are paintings of birds and animals in the palace, as well as colorful paintings of immortals and gods. The side halls on both sides of the main hall open from the side, with luxurious tents facing tall pillars.
〖Note〗Bingshe: A separate room in the palace. Tent A: A tent built during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
sì yán shè xígǔ sè chuī shēngshēng jiē nà bìbiàn zhuàn yí xīng setting up a banquet, setting up a banquet, playing drums, harp, playing sheng, rising to the rank, nabibenzhuansuixingxing [Explanation] There was a banquet in the palace, and there was great joy while playing the harp and the sheng. The officials went up and down the steps to toast each other, their beaded hats turning like stars in the sky.
〖Note〗 Sheng (shēng): reed instrument, "Poetry·Xiaoya·Lu Ming" "I have guests, drums, harps and sheng."
嬙(bì): the steps of the emperor's palace.
弁 (biàn): an official hat in ancient times, usually worn with formal attire (for auspicious ceremonies, it is worn as a crown). The one made of red and black cloth is called Jue Bian, which is a military crown; the one made of white deer skin is called Pi Bian, which is a military crown. Later, it generally refers to hats.
yòu tōng guǎng nèizuǒ dá chéng míngjì jí fén diǎnyì jù qún yīng Right side leads to Guang Nei and left side reaches Chengming, which gathers tombs and celebrities. [Explanation] The right side leads to Guangnei Hall, which is used to store books, and the left side leads to Chengming Hall, where courtiers rest. There are many classics and classics collected here, as well as groups of literary and military talents.
〖Note〗Guangnei: the place where the Han court collected books; refers to the imperial library.
Chengming: In ancient times, the emperor's sleeping quarters on the left and right roads were called Chengming. They were named after taking over the Mingtang.
Tomb: "Three Tombs", a book recording the deeds of the three emperors.
Code: "Five Codes", a book recording the deeds of the Five Emperors.
dù gǎo zhōng lìqī shū bì jīngfǔ luó jiàng xiànglù xiá huái qīng Du Manuo Zhongli Qishu Wall Jingfu Luo Jiangxiang Lu Xia Huaiqing [Explanation] There are manuscripts of Du Du's cursive script and authentic works of Zhong Yao official script . Ancient books written in lacquer were found in the tomb of King Anli of Wei in Ji County, as well as ancient scriptures found in the walls of the Confucius Temple in Qufu by King Lu Gong of the Han Dynasty. Inside the palace, the generals lined up in two rows, and outside the palace, the officials and ministers stood in the aisles.
〖Comments〗Du Manuscript: Du Du's cursive manuscript.
Zhongli: The authentic official script of Zhong Yao (yóu), see Zhang Huai's "Shujuan".
Lacquer calligraphy: Lacquer calligraphy excavated from the tomb of King Anli of Wei in Ji County. "Book of Jin·Biography of Shu Xi".
Wall Scripture: An ancient scripture discovered by King Lu Gong of the Han Dynasty in the wall of the Confucius Temple in Qufu. "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi".
xia: Same as "clip".
hù fēng bā xiànjiā jǐ qiān bīnggāo guān péi niǎnqū gǔ zhèn yīng households in eight counties were given a fiefdom with thousands of soldiers, high crowns, chariots, chariots, driving hubs, and tassels. [Explanation] Each of them had a fiefdom of more than eight counties, and there were thousands of people. Guards armed. Officials wearing tall hats accompanied the emperor on his travels, driving carriages and horses, with their hatbands fluttering, so majestic.
〖Note〗 Chariot (niǎn): a cart pulled or pushed by people in ancient times. Hub (ɡǔ): generally refers to a car.
shì lù chǐ fùchē jià féi qīngcè gōng mào shílè bēi kè míng Shilu is extravagant, rich, chariot, fat, light, policy, meritorious, solid, inscription on the stele [Explanation] Their descendants have received salaries from generation to generation, are luxurious and wealthy, go out with light cars and fat horses, and are proud of the spring breeze. The imperial court also recorded their merits and deeds in detail and accurately, which were engraved on stone tablets and passed down to future generations.
pán xī yī yǐnzuǒ shí ā héngyǎn zhái qū fùwēi dàn shú yíng绻xi Yiyinzuoshi Aheng Yanzhai Qufu Weidanshuying [Explanation] King Wu of Zhou met Lu Shang and respected him as "Tai Gongwang"; Yiyin assisted In current affairs, King Tang of Shang named him "Aheng". King Cheng of Zhou occupied the area of Qufu in the ancient Yan state. How could he have succeeded if Duke Zhou had not assisted in the government?
〖Note〗绻(pān) Creek: refers to Jiang Taigong Lu Shang. Lu Shang was fishing in Feng River and met King Wen. He became the Grand Master and assisted King Wu of Zhou to destroy the Shang Dynasty.
Yi Yin: Originally a dowry slave of the daughter of Shen (shēn) family, she was served as a minor minister by Shang Tang. Later, she was appointed to the state affairs and assisted Shang Tang in his efforts to destroy Xia Jie.
Aheng: Shang Dynasty official name, equivalent to prime minister. "Poetry·Ode to Shang·Long Hair": "Liaowei Aheng, the king of Shang on the left and right." refers specifically to Yiyin.
Dan: Zhou Gong Ji Dan.
huán gōng kuāng héjì ruò fú qīngqǐ huí hàn huìyuè gǎn wǔ dīng Duke Huan of Qi helped the weak and supported Qingqi and returned to Han Hui to express his gratitude to Wu Ding [Explanation] Duke Huan of Qi rectified the princes of the world, all with the purpose of "helping the weak" and "saving people from danger" banner. Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty was Prince and was spared from being deposed because of his talents. Shang Jun Wu Ding was inspired by a dream and received the legend of a virtuous minister.
〖Note〗 Kuang (kuānɡ): correct, correct, correct.
绮(qǐ): Qili Ji, one of the four beautiful places in Shangshan. When Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty was the crown prince, Han Gaozu wanted to depose him and establish a new crown prince. Empress Lu used Zhang Liang's strategy to welcome Shangshan Sihao with generous gifts so that they could get along with the prince. When Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty saw that Emperor Hui was fully fledged, he gave up the idea of establishing another prince.
said (yuè): Fu said. Fu Yue was originally a slave of Fu Yan who was engaged in block building. Wu Ding, Emperor Gaozong of the Yin Dynasty, dreamed of him, so he visited him and asked for him. After he found him, he made him the prime minister.
jùn yì mì wùduō shì shí níngjìn chǔ gēng bàzhào wèi kùn héng junyimiwuduoshi寔Ningjinchugengeba Zhaowei trappedheng [Explanation] The diligence and prudence of the talented people have resulted in the officials all settling in their positions. Duke Wen of Jin and King of Chuzhuang successively dominated, Zhao and Wei were trapped in Lianheng.
〖Note〗乂(yì): governance, stability.
horizontal: continuous horizontal. During the Warring States Period, Su Qin said (shuì) that the six countries united to resist Qin, which was called "United Vertical" in history. Zhang Yizhu broke up the alliance and made the six countries submit to the Qin Kingdom one by one, which was called "Lianheng". Due to the alliance, Qin State adopted a policy of distant relations and close attack, attacking Zhao and Wei first, so it is said that "Zhao and Wei are trapped".
jiǎ tú miè guójiàn tǔ huì ménghé zūn yuē fǎhán bì fán xíng The false way to destroy Guo Jian, the Tuhui Alliance, how to comply with the agreement, the law, the Korean abuses and the punishment [Explanation] Jin State borrowed the road from Yu State to eliminate Guo State, Jin Wengong was practicing Tu convened the princes to form a blood alliance. Xiao He obeyed the simple laws of Han Emperor Gaozu, Han Fei died tragically under the harsh punishment he advocated.
〖Note〗False Road to Destroy Guo (guō): From "Zuo Zhuan: The Fifth Year of Duke Xi": "The Marquis of Jin restored the false road to Yu to defeat Guo. The palace's strange admonition said: 'Guo, Yu's watch; Guo' If he dies, Yu will follow him. The Jin cannot start, and the bandits cannot play... As the proverb says, "the assistants and chariots are dependent on each other, and the lips are dead and the teeth are cold", this is what Yu Guo is called. '" Yuhou did so because he did not listen to Gong Zhiqi's advice. The Jin State was also destroyed by the Jin State after destroying the Guo State.
He: Xiao He, Prime Minister of Han Dynasty. "Historical Records of the Xiao Xiangguo Family" says that he "does no harm by writing" and "follows the law and follows the flow". "Han Shu Criminal Law Chronicles" says that he compiled the Qin law and "selected the ones that were suitable for the time and wrote nine chapters of the law." The general idea here is that Xiao He received a light punishment and a simple method. Han: Han Fei. "Historical Records of Lao Zhuang, Shen Han Biography" says that Li Si and Yao Jia slandered Han Fei and advised the First Emperor to "punish him with the law." Passing the law and annoying punishment both refer to harsh criminal laws.
Disadvantage: The practice is self-disadvantage.
qǐ jiǎn pō mùyòng jūn zuì jīngxuān wēi shā mòchí yù dān qīng Qi Jian Pomu used the most elite army in the Xuanwei desert and was famous for his paintings [Explanation] Qin will Bai Qi , Wang Jian, Zhao will Lian Po , Li Mu , He is most proficient in using troops to fight. Their fame spread as far as the deserts of the north, and their reputations and portraits were forever immortalized in the annals of history.
〖Note〗 Qi Jian (jiǎn) Po Mu: Qi: Bai Qi; Jian: Wang Jian; Po: Lian Po; Mu: Li Mu.
jiǔ zhōu yǔ jìbǎi jùn qín bìngyuè zōng tài dàishàn zhǔ yún tíng Jiuzhou Yu traces hundreds of counties Qin merged with Yue Zong Taidai Zen master Yunting [Explanation] The footprints of Dayu's water control were left in all nine states, and all counties in the country merged with the Six Kingdoms in Qin Later unified. The Five Mountains are respected by Mount Tai, and emperors of all dynasties have hosted Zen ceremonies at Yunshan and Tingshan.
〖Comment〗Dai (dài): Another name for Mount Tai. Also called "Daizong" and "Daiyue".
yàn mén zǐ sàijī tián chì chéngkūn chí jié shíjù yě dòng tíng Yanmen Zisai Jitian Chicheng Kunchi Jieshi Juye Dongting [Explanation] The name pass has Yanmen in northern Xinjiang, the fortress has the Great Wall, and the post station has borders Chicken field, Qishan has Tiantai Chicheng. Go to Dianchi Lake in Kunming to enjoy the pond, Jieshi in Lin Hebei Province to view the sea, Juye in Shandong to view the lake, and Dongting in Hunan to view the lake.
〖Note〗Zishai (sāi): Northern frontier fortress, this refers to the Great Wall.
Chicken Field: The name of a place outside the Great Wall in the northwest.
Chicheng: The name of the mountain is located in the north of Tiantai County, Zhejiang Province. It is the south gate of Tiantai Mountain. "anthology. Sun Chuo "Ode to Travel to Tiantai Mountain": "The red clouds of Chicheng were raised to build the standard."
Kunchi: Dianchi Lake in Kunming.
Jie (jié) stone: east of Laoting County, Hebei Province, now sinking into the Bohai Sea.
Juye: The name of the ancient lake. It is five miles north of Juye County, Shandong Province.
kuàng yuǎn mián miǎoyán xiù yǎo míngzhì běn yú nóngwù zī jià sèKuangyuan Mianmiaoyanxiuyaomingzhi is rooted in farming and farming [Explanation] China's land is vast and remote, endless, famous mountains and valleys are deep and beautiful, and the weather is endless. Taking agriculture as the foundation of governing the country, we must sow and harvest well.
〖Note〗Mian Miao (miǎo): continuous and distant appearance.
Yanxiu (xiù) Ta (tà) Ming (míng): Xiu, cave; Ta, numerous, overlapping; Ming, dim.
jià sè: planting and harvesting. Generally refers to agricultural labor.
chù zǎi nán mǔwǒ yì shǔ jìshuì shú gòng xīnquàn shǎng chù zhì俶南木我艺 Millet, Grain, Tax, Ripe Tribute, New Advice and Appreciation, Deposed Zhi [Explanation] It’s time to start the year’s farm work, planting millet and yellow rice. During the harvest season, newly ripened grains were used to pay taxes. Good crops were praised and rewarded, while poor crops were punished.
〖Comment〗俶(chù): Start.
contains: engaged.
Millet (shǔ jì): millet, refers to the name of the plant. Also known as "緷" and "millet"; Ji, the name of a plant. my country's ancient edible crop is millet. One is said to be non-stick millet. It is also said to be sorghum.
黜 (chù): Demotion, removal.
瀟 ( zhì): promotion, reward.
mèng kē dūn sùshǐ yú bǐng zhíshù jī zhōng yōngláo qiān jǐn chì Meng Ke Dun Su Shi Yu Bing Zhi Shu Ji Zhong Lao Qian Jin Edict [Explanation] Mencius advocates simplicity, and Shi Guan Ziyu must be upright in nature. It may meet the standard of moderation, but one must be diligent and humble, cautious and careful, and know how to advise and admonish oneself.
líng yīn chá lǐjiàn mào biàn sèyí jué jiā yóumiǎn qí zhīzhí Listen to the sound, observe the appearance, discern the color, Yijue, Jiayou, encourage the only plant. [Explanation] When listening to someone's words, you need to examine the truth behind it, and when you look at someone's appearance, you need to know their mood. You need to leave correct and wise advice or suggestions to others, and encourage others to conduct themselves in a cautious manner.
〗 Yi (yí): legacy. Jue (jué): His. Zhi (zhī): Respectful.
xǐng gōng jī jièchǒng zēng kàng jídài rǔ jìn chǐlín gāo xìng jí province. Admonish favor to increase resistance to extreme humiliation. Lin Gaoxing is [Explanation] When you hear the ridicule of others, you should reflect on yourself; if you are favored, don't get carried away and fight against the powerful. If you know that something dangerous and humiliating is about to happen, retreat to the mountains and forests. You can still avoid disaster.
〖Note〗Gao (gāo): The high ground by the water.
liǎng shū jiàn jījiě zǔ shuí bīsuǒ jū xián chùchén mò jì liáo Two people are forced to live in silence and loneliness. [Explanation] In the Han Dynasty, Shuguang and Shushou's uncles and nephews took advantage of the opportunity to retire. Who forced them to resign from their official positions? xiè huān zhāo seeking the ancients, seeking insights, relaxing, happy, tired, resting, thanking and happy Zhao [Explanation] Explore the ancient events and read some wise sayings, you can eliminate distracting thoughts, gather together the easy things, and leave the laborious things aside. Eliminate endless troubles and gain infinite happiness.
qú hé de lìyuán mǎng chōu tiáopí pá wǎn cuìwú tóng zǎo diāo Canal Lotus's Liyuanmang draws strips, loquats are late and green sycamores are withering early [Explanation] The lotus in the pond is blooming so brightly, and the green grass in the garden is sprouting. The leaves of loquats are still green in winter, but the leaves of sycamores wither in autumn. The history of
〖Comment〗: The appearance of brilliance. Flea (zǎo): means "zao", which refers to the beginning of the month or the morning.
chén gēn wěi yìluò yè piāo yáoyóu kūn dú yùnlíng mó jiàng xiāo陈Genweiyiyi fallen leaves swaying and traveling alone to transport Lingmojiangxiao [Explanation] The roots of the old tree are winding and the fallen leaves are floating everywhere in the autumn wind. Only Kunpeng, who traveled far away, soared independently, straight into the clouds full of colorful clouds.
〖Note〗Yì (yì): cover, cover up. Kun (kūn): "Kun chicken", refers to a bird that resembles a crane in ancient books.
dān dú wán shìyù mù náng xiāngyì yóu yōu wèizhǔ ěr yuán qiáng Tandu Wanshi Residential Bag Box Yi輶youwei Eryuan Wall [Explanation] Wang Chong of the Han Dynasty was obsessed with reading in the market, and all he looked at were book bags and books. books. Be aware of the dangers if you switch to a lighter car, and be careful not to have ears in the wall when talking.
〖Note〗 cyst (nǎng): pocket.輼(yóu): a light vehicle.
You (yōu): place. Yuán: low wall, also generally refers to wall.
jù shàn cān fànshì kǒu chōng chángbǎo yù pēng zǎijī yàn zāo kāng meal meal, suitable for filling the intestines, filling the intestines, cooking, butchering, hunger and disgust, dregs [Explanation] Daily meals should suit the taste and make people full. When you are full, you will naturally be satisfied with big fish and meat. When you are hungry, you should be satisfied with simple meals.
qīn qī gù jiùlǎo shào yì liángqiè yù jì fǎngshì jīn wéi fáng Relatives, old, old, young, different grains, concubines, imperial textiles, towels and curtains [Explanation] Relatives and friends should be treated warmly when they meet. The food of the elderly and children should be different from yours. Concubines and maids should manage the housework well and serve their masters respectfully and wholeheartedly.
〖Note〗 Ji Fang: generally refers to spinning, Ji Ma and other things. That is, textile performance. Curtain room: inner room.
wán shàn yuán xiéyín zhú wěi huángzhòu mián xī mèilán sǔn xiàng chuáng Wan Fan Round Clean Silver Candle Wei Huang Day Sleep Night Sleep Blue Bamboo Shoots Elephant Bed [Explanation] The round silk fan is white and elegant, and the white candle is bright and brilliant. For resting during the day and sleeping at night, there are bamboo mats made of green strips and beds with carved ivory screens.
〖Note〗Wán (wán): very fine silk fabric. Jié: the written word for "clean".
xián gē jiǔ yànjiē bēi jǔ shāngjiǎo shǒu dùn zúyuè yù qiě kāng string song wine banquet, take the cup, raise the cup, straighten the hands and stamp the feet, it is joyful and healthy [Explanation] Play music, sing songs, serve wine and have a banquet; take the wine glass and drink happily . I couldn't help but dance, I was really happy and healthy.
〖Note〗觞(shāng): wine glass.
dí hòu sì xùjì sì zhēng chángqǐ sǎng zài bàisǒng jù kǒng huáng The direct descendants continue to offer sacrifices, steam, taste, Ji, worship again, fear and panic. [Explanation] The descendants will continue the tradition from generation to generation, and sacrifices cannot be slacked off in the four seasons. Kneel down and kowtow, and worship again and again; the etiquette must be thorough and respectful, and the mood must be sad and pious.
〖Note〗 Di (dí): the head wife in slave society and feudal society.
烝 (zhēng) taste: "Book of Rites·Kingdom": "The sacrifices held in the ancestral temples of the emperor and princes are called Yu (yuè) in spring, Dì (dì) in summer, Chang in autumn, and Hao in winter." "Shuowen" Zheng's Note : "This covers the names of the sacrifices of the Xia and Yin Dynasties. In the Zhou Dynasty, it was called Temple in the spring, and in the Xia Dynasty, it was called Chun." This uses "Haochang" to refer to the sacrifices in the four seasons.
Ji (qǐ)颢 (sǎng): A kind of kneeling ceremony in which one kneels down and touches the ground with his forehead, expressing extreme piety and gratitude.
jiān dié jiǎn yàogù dá shěn xiánghái gòu xiǎng yùzhí rè yuàn liáng The ultimatum is brief and thoughtful, the bones are dirty, I want to bathe in the heat, I wish to cool down. [Explanation] Letters to others should be concise and to the point, and answers to other people's questions should be careful and thorough. When your body is dirty, you want to take a bath. When you hold something hot, you want the wind to cool it down.
〖Note〗Jian (jiān): document, letter. Bones (hái): body.
lǘ luó dú tèhài yuè chāo xiāngzhū zhǎn zéi dàobǔ huò pàn wáng The donkey, mule and calf are particularly frightened, leaping over the enemy, killing thieves, stealing, capturing and rebelling. [Explanation] If there is a disaster in the family, even donkeys, mules, and other animals of all sizes will be frightened and run wild. Jumping, running around. The government killed thieves and captured rebels and desperadoes.
〖Note〗Mule (luó): mule.
calf (dú): calf, generally refers to cow.
駧（xiānɡ）: The horse raises its head and runs quickly. Zhu (zhū): kill, eradicate.
bù shè liáo wánjī qín ruǎn xiàotián bǐ lún zhǐjūn qiǎo rén diàoBushe Liaowan Ji Qin Ruan Xiaotian Bi Lun Zhi Jun Qiao Ren Diao [Explanation] Lu Bu is good at archery, Yi Liao is good at playing with projectiles, Ji Kang is good at playing the piano, Ruan Ji is good at He screamed loudly. Meng Tian made the writing brush, Cai Lun invented papermaking, Ma Jun invented the waterwheel, and Mr. Ren was good at fishing.
〖Comments〗Bu: Lu Bu. Lu Buyuanmen shot a halberd (jǐ) to reconcile with Liu Bei and Ji Ling. Liao: Yi Liao. Good at projectiles.
Ji (jí): Ji Kang. He is good at playing the piano and singing poems. Ruan (ruǎn): Ruan Ji. Can roar.
Tian (tián): Meng Tian. Cui Bao's "Annotations on Ancient and Modern Times" of the Jin Dynasty said that Meng Tian began to use rabbit hair bamboo tubes to make pens. Lun: Cai Lun. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" records that he began to creatively use bark, hemp heads, rags, etc. to make paper, which was known as "Caihou Paper".
Jun: Ma Jun. During the Three Kingdoms period, he was ingenious and used to make compasses and keel waterwheels. Ren: Mr. Ren. See "Zhuangzi: Foreign Things".
shì fēn lì súbìng jiē jiā miàomáo shī shū zīgōng pín yán xiào Explain the differences and benefit the customs and make them all good Mao Shi Shuzi Gong Yanyanxiao [Explanation] They are either good at resolving disputes for others, or good at inventing and creating things that are beneficial to society. These are all very clever. . Mao Qiang , Xi Shi, has a beautiful appearance, even if she frowns, she still looks like a beautiful smile.
〖Comment〗Bing (bìng): one of the variants of "Bing".
Mao: Mao Qiang (qiáng). West: Xi Shi. "Zhuangzi: Equality of Things": "Mao Qiang and Xi Shi are the most beautiful things in people."
Gong: Good. Frown (pín): frown. Yan (yán): beautiful.
nián shǐ měi cuīxī huī lǎng yàoxuán jī xuán wòhuì pò huán zhào years, every time, the sun shines brightly, the rays are bright, the rays are hanging, the gloomy soul shines all around [Explanation] Youth is fleeting, and time is rushing to make people grow old. Only the brilliance of the sun will shine forever. The high-hanging Beidou rotates with the changes of the seasons, and the bright moonlight spreads across every corner of the world.
〖Note〗 Arrow (shǐ): Arrow.
曜 (yào): sunlight, shining.
Xuanji (xuán jī): In ancient times, it was called the first to fourth stars of the Big Dipper.
斡(wò): Rotation.
Hui Po: the moon.
zhǐ xīn xiū hùyǒng suí jí shàojǔ bù yǐn lǐngfǔ yǎng láng miàomeaning salary repairing Yongsui Jishao leads the pitching corridor temple [Explanation] Comply with nature, cultivate virtue and accumulate blessings, and be peaceful forever, how wonderful it is. With such a calm heart, you can walk with your head held high, and every move you make is as solemn as if you were in a sacred temple.
〖Note〗 Refers to firewood: "Zhuangzi: The Master of Health Preservation": "It refers to being poor for firewood, and the fire is passed down, and you don't know how to use it up." It means that when you use firewood to burn fire, there will be a time when the firewood is exhausted, but when the fire is passed down, it will be exhausted. It will not be destroyed. It means that the human body will die, but human life is endless.
祜 (hù): blessing; great fortune.
Suí: peace, comfort.
Shao (shào): Encouragement, beauty (mostly refers to moral character).
shù dài jīn zhuāngpái huái zhān tiàogū lòu guǎ wényú méng děng qiào Belted and solemn, wandering and looking at the ignorant, ignorant, ignorant, etc. [Explanation] Dress neatly and dignifiedly, behave calmly, and have a high vision. If you are ignorant and ignorant, you will not understand these principles, and you can only live in vain and make people laugh like the ignorant people.
〖Note〗睜(jīn): boasting, self-reliance. "Book of Rites: Biao Li" "Not reserved but solemn."
诮 (qiào): sarcasm, ridicule.
wèi yǔ zhù zhěyān zāi hū yě
Predicate helper Yanzai Huye
[Explanation] Speaking of the particles in ancient books, they are "Yan", "Zai", "Hu" and "Ye".
The spread of "The Thousand Character Classic" over 1,400 years since its publication shows that it is a widely circulated children's education book and an integral part of traditional Chinese culture. Among ancient Chinese children's education books, it is a work that connects the previous and the following. Its beautiful writing style and gorgeous rhetoric make it unmatched by many children's books.
