Second row, second from right, Pei Gaocai, Zhou Jing and other three normal school students of grade 7 and 8 who graduated from Li Concentrated School
"Study history and respect morality, study history and practice it." When I was in Xinchou, the author visited the campuses of universities, middle schools and primary schools in spring, summer, autumn and winter. Libraries, museums and communities read out the deeds of revolutionary martyrs who dedicated themselves to the Republic, science, and education to rejuvenate the country, explaining what youth is? resonate among teachers and students. At the same time, when communicating with teachers and students, we found that, especially in the front line of primary school education in Huangpi, Wuhan, a special group has emerged - substitute teachers. In some schools, their number is even equal to that of regular teachers.
From the right, Pei Gaocai and Mr. Du Xianquan, the first teacher of Liji Primary School, are in Yaojiaji.
Looking back on the past, the author can't help but think of the private teachers who made important contributions to the rural education cause. Their number is comparable to the current team of substitute teachers. It will be huge and last for forty years. As a person who has experienced it, the author worked as a "private teacher" (referred to as a "private teacher") in Yaojiaji Commune (today's Yaojiaji Sub-district Office) in Huangpi County, Hubei Province for three years. At the beginning of the restoration of the college entrance examination system, I worked as a private teacher. He was admitted to the normal school while on the job. After graduation, he continued to serve as a national teacher (also known as a "public teacher") and taught on the three-foot podium for fourteen or five years. The subjects taught range from primary school mathematics, junior high school mathematics, and chemistry to high school chemistry, English, solid geometry, dialectical materialism, and political economics. Below I will share my personal experiences as a private teacher -
Front row (eighth from left) Chen Guilan, Pei Gaocai, Zhang Zheng and other junior middle school teachers and students of Huangpi No. 2 Middle School (organized by monitor Song Hongwei)
"Private teachers" first appeared in the school in the early 1950s After public. At the beginning, there were only one or two students in each school. For example, before the Cultural Revolution, there were only two people in Liji Primary School, Pei Gaoyu and Hu Gaofang. Later, they worked hard as private teachers throughout their lives. Mr. Gao Yu taught from elementary school, junior high school to high school. Since 1969, when the state decentralized primary schools to the school production brigade (today's administrative village) and poor and lower-middle peasants managed the schools, a large team of private teachers has formed, which has existed for 40 years. The reason why they are called "private teachers" is that compared to "public teachers", private teachers receive " work points " in the production team, while public teachers are paid by the state.
Teachers and students of Yang Longyi and Pei Gaocai from private to public schools
In 1969, I went to Peijiawan Primary School, a higher primary school. In addition to Pei Gaoren, who taught our senior grade, one of them was a national teacher, six teachers including Pei Gaosheng, Liu Zongguo and Liu Jiumei were also He is a private teacher. These civilian teachers include young people who returned to their hometowns who graduated from junior high school and high school in Huangpi No. 3 Middle School and No. 17 Middle School before the Cultural Revolution, as well as Pei Xiaolian, an educated youth from Wuhan who went to the mountains and countryside. Unexpectedly, after graduating from high school in 1975, not long after I returned to my hometown of Yaojiaji Liji Brigade to work in farming, I also joined the ranks of private teachers.
From the right, Pei Gaocai and Yao Shilian returned to Liji Primary School.
At that time, I was assigned to teach mathematics in two classes of the fourth and fifth grades. I had 24 classes a week. At that time, I only had one day off a week, and an average of 4 classes a day. There were many outstanding students among the students at that time. For example, Hu Changde, a fifth-grade classmate, was extremely smart. When I rehearsed after teaching a new lesson, he was always the first to raise his hand to the blackboard to rehearse, and he was 100% correct. He later skipped the college entrance examination when he was in the third year of junior high school and the second year of high school and was admitted to the Military Academy of the General Staff of the People's Republic of China. After graduation, he worked in a bureau of the General Staff. After graduating from the military with the rank of lieutenant colonel, he worked in the Propaganda Department of the Wuhan Municipal Party Committee and is now the director of the Wuhan Radio and Television Bureau (station).
Hu Changde, a disciple of Liji Primary School at that time,
. Because Liji Primary School was renovated from an old ancestral hall, the teaching conditions were very simple. Ten teachers were crowded into a dilapidated bungalow of about ten square meters to work. Every time it rained, flood prevention was required. Except for one or two national teachers who live on campus, the other teachers and students are day students. My home is three or four kilometers away from the school, and I make two or three trips there every day.Our only entertainment was that Mr. Zhou Shirong from a martial arts family tied two rings on the roof beam, one hand high and one hand high. He practiced pull-ups every day when he was tired. At first, Teacher Zhou helped me up. After more than a month of practice, I was able to jump up on my own and support myself with both hands. Although we are busy with preparation, teaching, correction, and guidance, we feel that our life is quite fulfilling. In particular, Teacher Zhou is unknown and has devoted his whole life to the cause of private teaching.
Pei Gaocai's collection of portraits of Chen Shi, President of China University
One day in the late autumn of 1976, Liji Supply and Marketing Cooperative asked me to write a huge slogan exposing the "Gang of Four". I accidentally found a photo album of China University in the recycling department, and I used it for half a year. I bought it with the civilian teacher's subsidy (10 yuan). This photo album is a collection of black-and-white photos of principals, seniors, superintendents and teachers printed in the early years of the Republic of China (before 1915). The title page is a single photo of Chen Shi, with an introduction in three columns of traditional Chinese: "Chen Shi, Uncle Hao." Cheng, a native of Huangpi, Hubei; Principal; Correspondence Office: Main Street in the City of Benyi..." This is the first original historical material I collected for the "Chen Shi Biography" and the only picture historical material discovered so far.
Entering the 21st century, "private teachers" have withdrawn from the historical stage in mainland China, but their red candle spirit will always illuminate the mountain countryside! For the sake of a century-old plan, we hope that relevant parties will take effective measures to solve the problem of todayโs substitute teachers as soon as possible, so that they can become history like private teachers!
