1. Indoor environmental air quality standards
A truly standard and high-quality ambient air quality (that is the spring air of nature) It has the following characteristics and is also the best indoor environmental quality standard we yearn for!
Main indicators of indoor environment air quality: temperature, humidity, air flow rate, noise, PM2.5, formaldehyde , CO2, TVOC
2. Temperature and humidity
Temperature (TEMP):
Summer air conditioning room temperature 22-28℃ (optimal 24-26℃)
Winter heating room temperature 18-24℃ (best 20-22℃)
Relative humidity (RH):
Summer air-conditioned room humidity 40-80% (best 50-60℃)
Winter heating room humidity 30-60% (best 45-55℃)
In the air-conditioned room, the room temperature is 20℃ to 24℃ and the humidity is 45% to 55%, people feel the most comfortable. If you consider the impact of temperature and humidity on people's thinking activities, the optimal indoor temperature should be 18℃ and the humidity should be 50% to 60%. At this time, a person has a good mental state and the most agile thinking!
3. Air flow rate (FAN)
In summer, indoor air flow rate is 0.3m/s, and indoor air flow rate is 0.2m/s in winter. If the human body feels the best (no wind sensation, but the air is in a flowing state); when the indoor air flow rate is greater than 0.3m/s, the somatosensory comfort will vary from person to person:
1. It will make people feel blowing;
2. Dust;
3. Slight breeze noise occurs in the gaps between doors and windows.
Reasonably design the indoor airflow structure and keep the indoor airflow in a laminar state as much as possible.
4. Noise (dB)
Noise is a random and chaotic sound of sound wave frequency and strength changes. From Physiology , it is the sound that hinders people from normal rest, study and work, and the sound that interferes with the sounds that people want to hear.
According to the standard values of the city's 5 environmental noise, the decibel standard for residential indoor noise is classified as category 1: it cannot exceed 55 decibels during the day and 45 decibels at night. (Category 0: Do not exceed 50 decibels during the day and do not exceed 40 decibels at night.) The main causes of physiological and psychological harm to people are as follows:
1, damages hearing. Relevant information shows that when a person listens to the sound of a motorcycle continuously, his hearing will be damaged after 8 hours; if he is in a rock concert hall, his hearing will be damaged after half an hour; if he lives in a noise environment of more than 80 decibels, the possibility of deafness can be as high as 50%.
2. Noise damages vision, noise can seriously affect auditory organs and even cause people to lose their hearing. It is well known to everyone.
3. The cardiovascular system that is harmful to people, my country's survey on urban noise and residents' health shows that every decibel increase in regional noise, the incidence of hypertension and increases by 3%.
4, , the nervous system that affects people, makes people impatient and irritable. Scientific research has found that noise can stimulate the nervous system and cause it to inhibit it. People who work in a noise environment for a long time can also cause neurasthenia syndrome (such as headache, dizziness, tinnitus, , memory loss, reduced vision, etc.).
5. It affects sleep and causes fatigue. The harm of noise to sleep: When the sudden noise is 40 decibels, it can wake 10% of people, and when it reaches 60 decibels, it can wake 70% of people.
6. The direct impact of low-frequency noise on physiology is not as obvious as high-frequency noise. However, experts in domestic low-frequency noise research have pointed out that low-frequency noise can cause headaches, insomnia and other neurosis. At present, the domestic acoustic environment quality standard and its monitoring methods are mainly aimed at the detection of high-frequency noise. Due to the low-frequency noise, due to the low-frequency noise, citizens are often tortured by noise but have no way to complain. There are four main categories of low-frequency noise sources: elevators, transformers, central air conditioners (including cooling tower ) and traffic noise, which generally refer to sounds with a frequency below 500 Hz (octave).
Solutions:
1. Perform sound insulation and noise reduction treatment on the room;
2. Select low-noise equipment for indoor mechanical equipment, and equipment noise reduction treatment technology can also be used.
5, lung particulate matter (PM2.5)
PM2.5 refers to particles in the atmosphere with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm, also known as lung particulate matter.
National Standard (GB 3095-2012) 24 hours average concentration extreme value PM2.5≤75μg/m³
1, causing respiratory obstruction or inflammation: aerosol in the haze contains dust, sulfuric acid, nitric acid , hydrocarbon and bacteria and other pollutants that can directly enter the bronchial and even the lungs through the respiratory system. Therefore, the biggest impact of haze is the human respiratory system, and the diseases caused are mainly concentrated in respiratory diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, nasal inflammation and other diseases.
2. The pathogenic virus takes a "hurry" into the body and causes cancer. In the haze weather, the air pressure decreases, the particulate matter that can be inhaled in the air increases sharply, the air flow is poor, and the speed of harmful bacteria and viruses spreading around slows down, resulting in a high concentration of pathogenic microorganisms in the air and a high risk of disease transmission.
3. It affects fetal development and causes defects.
4 and PM2.5 particles can enter blood vessels through qi and blood exchange. PM2.5 is one of the main reasons for the formation of haze and weather and air pollution. PM2.5 particles are small, rich in a large number of toxic and harmful substances, and stay in the atmosphere for a long time and transport distance, which has a greater impact on atmospheric environmental quality and human health. WHO deduces the relationship between PM2.5 and mortality rate in the surrounding ambient air: for every 10μg/m³ of PM2.5, the risk of lung cancer increases by 8%, the risk of heart and lungs increases by 6%, and all mortality rates increase by 4%!
V. Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a colorless gas with strong irritating odor. Easily soluble in water, alcohols and ethers. Formaldehyde is gaseous at room temperature and usually appears in the form of an aqueous solution. The liquid is also called formalin .
National Standard (GB/T18883-2002) 1h average concentration extreme formaldehyde ≤100μg/m³
1) Stimulation effect. The main harm of formaldehyde is the irritation effect on the skin and mucous membranes. Formaldehyde is a toxic substance that can bind to protein and can cause severe respiratory irritation, edema, eye irritation, and headache when inhaled at high concentrations.
2) sensitization effect: Direct contact with formaldehyde in the skin can cause allergic dermatitis, spots, and necrosis. When inhaling high concentrations of formaldehyde, it can induce bronchial asthma .
3) Mutagenic effect: High concentration of formaldehyde is also a genotoxic substance. Experimental animals can cause nasopharyngeal tumors when inhaled at high concentrations in the laboratory.
Indoor production reason: Although the urea formaldehyde resin adhesive with formaldehyde as the main component is toxic, it has strong adhesion and also has the effect of strengthening the hardness of the board and anti-worms and corrosion. The main source is decorative materials such as decorative board , furniture, flooring, paint, latex and other adhesives.
Features: The indoor air temperature is high and it is easy to release quickly, and vice versa; formaldehyde has strong water-solubleness. If the indoor air humidity is high, it is easy to stay. If the air is dry, it is easy to be discharged from the outdoors, and ventilation is effective.
Indoor solutions:
1. First, find the CMA certification testing agency to determine the degree of pollution at different testing points,
2. Determine the formaldehyde removal plan based on the test report, which is generally used to remove formaldehyde through chemical methods.: The treatment of ordinary sprays and other drugs on the market is easy to cause secondary pollution and may damage furniture; however, there are photocatalyst sprays imported from Germany and Japan in the market with good formaldehyde removal effect.
Auxiliary means:
1. Activated carbon adsorption method: does not contain bamboo charcoal . Bamboo charcoal has poor formaldehyde removal effect. Activated carbon is an internationally recognized expert in drug addicts. activated carbon mask and gas masks use activated carbon. Activated carbon removes formaldehyde is a relatively cheap and practical method. It is characterized by physical adsorption and thorough adsorption, which is not easy to cause secondary pollution.
2. Ventilation method to remove formaldehyde: Through the circulation of indoor air, the content of harmful substances in indoor air can be reduced, thereby reducing the harm of such substances to the human body.
The best way is to dry the flowing air.
Due to environmental deterioration and over-decoration, indoor air pollution is becoming more and more common. Weilan Environmental Testing recommends that you can find a company with CMA certification qualification to conduct a comprehensive indoor air test for the indoors. Only by seeing the inspection report with MA seal issued can you truly feel at ease.
If the standard meets the standard, everyone will be happy; if the standard fails, you need to find a professional formaldehyde removal company to manage it.
If you have a baby at home or during pregnancy preparation, you must pay attention to the pollution problem of decoration!
