air conditioners have the ability to refrigerate and heat, and have become one of the most common household appliances and are deeply loved by users. With the improvement of living standards, people's requirements for living comfort are getting higher and higher. As a new environmentally friendly equipment, air energy heat pump has entered the public's field of vision and also has the functions of cooling and heating. Why can the air energy heat pump develop rapidly? What is the difference between air conditioners and air energy heat pumps?
1, working principle,
air conditioner and air energy heat pump have the same principles, both adopt the principle of " reverse Kano circulation ", using compressor as the power and refrigerant as the carrier, and then go through isothermal evaporation, adiabatic compression, isothermal condensation, and adiabatic expansion in sequence, and transfer heat between air and water, thereby realizing indoor refrigeration and heating.
2. Differences in heating methods
Air conditioners As traditional heating equipment, whether they are cabinets, hangers, air duct machines, or central air conditioners, they are directly exchanged with indoor air through refrigerant. The indoor heating can only be achieved by using active heat outlet.
air energy heat pumps have one more heat exchange than air conditioners. The heat pump host is actually a device that provides hot water. When designing and installing the system, floor heating, radiator and fan coil can be used as the ends for heat dissipation, and different heating ends can be selected according to different residential or user needs.
3. Differences in core components
The compressor used in air conditioners is an ordinary compressor. Due to the limitation of the ambient temperature in winter, the main use area is south of the Yellow River . When the ambient temperature of the air conditioner is below minus 7℃, the heating efficiency of the air conditioner body drops rapidly and even shuts down. It cannot continuously transport heat to the indoors, making it difficult to meet the heating needs of the northern region. In the south, heating also requires high electricity bills. The compressor used by
air energy heat pump has jet enthalpy technology and secondary compression technology, focusing on winter heating, and can supply indoor heating normally even under minus 25℃ environment. Therefore, the air energy heat pump is also suitable for winter heating in northern my country.
air conditioning compressor air conditioning system, the maximum operating pressure does not exceed 2.9MPa, the compression ratio is less than 7, and the maximum exhaust temperature does not exceed 90 degrees (using R410A refrigerant); while the compressor of the air energy heat pump has a maximum operating pressure of 3.7MPa, the compression ratio reaches 12, or even above 20, and the maximum exhaust temperature reaches 120 degrees (using R410A refrigerant). It can be seen that air energy heat pumps have a stronger ability to adapt to ambient temperature than air conditioners, so they have become the main equipment of " coal to electricity " in the north.
4. Differences in heat exchange mechanism
Air conditioners mainly use fluorine circulation system to achieve heat conduction. The air conditioner uses rapid heat exchange, and a large amount of hot air is discharged from the air outlet, so the purpose of heating can also be achieved quickly. However, such a violent active thermal convection solution will reduce the indoor humidity, make the air-conditioned room abnormally dry, and the evaporation of the skin moisture of the human body increases, resulting in dry air, dry mouth and tongue. Although the air energy heat pump also uses fluorine circulation to transfer heat, when heat exchange is performed indoors, it no longer uses fluorine circulation to exchange heat, but uses water circulation to exchange heat. The water is more inert, and the heat storage time will be longer. Therefore, a large amount of heat is still emitted even when the heat pump unit reaches the temperature and is shut down. Even if the fan coil is used to control heat like the air conditioner, the air energy heat pump can continue to transport heat to the room and will not increase the additional electricity load.
5. Differences in operating mode
air energy heat pump needs to heat the room. Although the power is on and on throughout the day, when the heating is completed, the unit will stop working and the system will enter an automatic insulation state. When the indoor temperature changes, the work will be restarted. The air energy heat pump works at full load no more than 10 hours per day, so it will save more electricity compared to air conditioning heating, and can protect the compressor well and extend the service life of the equipment.
Air conditioners are used more frequently in summer, especially in northern regions. In winter, floor heating and radiators are used for heating, and air conditioners are almost impossible to use. The air energy heat pump integrates hot water, refrigeration and heating, and runs for a long time in winter, especially in winter when heating and heating water are required for a longer time, and the compressor will run longer. At this time, the compressor basically runs in an area with a higher refrigerant, and the operating temperature is one of the main reasons affecting the life of the compressor. It can be seen that the comprehensive load of the compressor in the air energy heat pump is higher than that of the air conditioning compressor.
6. Differences in usage environment
Home central air conditioning implements the national standard GBT 7725-2004. The nominal heating condition is outdoor dry/wet bulb temperature 7℃/6℃, the low temperature heating condition is outdoor 2℃/1℃, and the ultra-low temperature heating condition is -7℃/-8℃.
low temperature air energy heat pump refer to GB/T25127.1-2010. The nominal heating condition is outdoor dry/wet bulb temperature -12℃/-14℃, and the ultra-low temperature heating condition is outdoor dry bulb temperature -20℃.
7. Differences in defrost mechanism
Generally speaking, the greater the difference between the temperature of the refrigerant and the outdoor ambient temperature, the more serious the frost will be. Air conditioners use large temperature difference to transfer heat, while air energy heat pumps rely on small temperature difference to transfer heat. Air conditioners focus on refrigeration. When the maximum temperature in summer reaches 45℃, the exhaust temperature of the compressor reaches 80-90℃, or even exceeds 100℃, and the temperature difference at this time is above 40℃; while the air energy heat pump focuses on heating and absorbs heat in a low-temperature environment. Even if the ambient temperature in winter is about minus 10℃, the temperature of the refrigerant is about minus 20℃, and the temperature difference is only about 10℃. In addition, the air energy heat pump also has pre-defrost technology. During the operation of the heat pump host, the middle and lower parts of the heat pump host are always in the medium temperature state, thereby reducing the frost phenomenon of the heat pump host.
8. Differences in terminal heat exchange methods
Air conditioners and air energy heat pumps have different heat exchange times during operation and use of refrigerants. The air energy heat pump has an additional heat exchange process in which fluorine transfers heat to water. In the use of refrigerants, the air conditioner uses refrigerant as a heat carrier throughout the whole process, and the air energy heat pump also uses water circulation as a heat carrier. When the air conditioner uses refrigerant as a heat carrier, it will take away a lot of moisture from the room in the heating and cooling states, causing the room space to become dry; while the air energy heat pump uses water circulation as a heat carrier in the room, which will not take away the moisture in the room, and then dryness occurs. Moreover, the air conditioner that uses water circulation has a soft air outlet and the temperature is more comfortable. In winter, floor heating or radiator is used as the heat dissipation end, and the comfort is incomparable to the air conditioner.
Summary
Air conditioners and air energy heat pumps are very similar in working principles, both adopting the "reverse Kano circulation" principle, but there are differences in core technologies. The air energy heat pump can adapt to a harsh low-temperature environment, and the indoor water circulation can be used with three ends: floor heating, radiator and fan coil, providing a more comfortable heating method. Of course, in terms of refrigeration, the air outlet temperature and air outlet softness of the air energy heat pump also make it higher than the comfort of air conditioning cooling. Therefore, the advantages of air energy heat pumps in terms of environmental protection, energy saving, safety, comfort, etc. make them quickly accepted by users, and then quickly shine in the HVAC market.
