From an engineering point of view, the Eskimo igloo is an amazing structure. In these houses made of minus 40 snow, the streets inside can reach a maximum of +20 degrees.
Let us see what is the secret of this building.
Why the igloo doesn’t melt:
In fact, the cold outdoors can prevent the walls from melting.
Moreover, the colder the outside, the higher the temperature inside the wall.
In addition, excess water in the room will condense on the walls and cover them with an extra layer of ice. This protects the building from wind and heat loss.
The same effect can keep the air in the needle dry.
Another secret of why the heat does not disappear-the entrance of the needle is on the floor
In other words, to enter the igloo, you need to climb down the tunnel.
The warm air rises upwards, so it cannot leave here through this entrance tunnel.
and the entrance itself is additionally covered with snow or ice at night. To prevent the curious polar bear from looking inside. How indifferent it is)
Why is the igloo round?
The smaller the contact area between the house and the environment,The better the warmth.
The maximum volume of the room with the smallest surface area is a sphere.
How to heat the needle
In order to heat the igloo, the Eskimo burns the fat of large animals in a special bowl.
turned out to be something like a candle.
Needle size:
A 5.7 square meter building, one person is enough.
Three persons-9.1 square meters.
Eskimos are nomads, so igloos are temporary shelters. An experienced Eskimo can build such a house out of snow in 45 minutes.
How can the top of the building not collapse inward?
In order to make the building reliable, the snow blocks are laid in a spiral pattern.
In addition, the needle should have a hole or window to allow smoke to escape.
The secret to choosing suitable wall materials
Igloos are not built with any snow.It is built with compressed snow, from which you can cut/cut suitable plots for construction.
It is difficult to find such dense snow near most of our cities. Therefore, you can hardly build a complete igloo in a summer cabin.
Therefore, either ordinary snow is immersed in water to make ice cubes, or tundra is used to build real igloos.
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