For China, Japan is definitely a very important leader. To some extent, Japan is China's number one geo-competitor. In ancient times, due to the strong strength of the Chinese Empire, Japan's efforts to expand to the mainland were defeated many times. In modern times, due to the sinking of China and the Nirvana of Japan, Japan once expanded to the mainland by a large margin. This is also China's most painful period of history.
The first large-scale contest between China and Japan. Many people may know that it was in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, the Tang Dynasty defeated the Japanese army that interfered in Korean Peninsula affairs and destroyed the Japanese ally Baekje, and burned the ship in one day. 400, killing tens of thousands of enemies, this kind of strength greatly shocked Japan.
Yes, the Korean peninsula belongs to the position between China and Japan, and the geopolitical conflicts between China and Japan usually start from the Korean peninsula. Japan usually has to fight North Korea first when sending troops to the mainland (the Imjin Japanese Rebellion and the September 18th Incident), and if the mainland regime wants to attack Japan, it usually uses North Korea as its base (Yuan-Japanese War).
Here is a cold piece of knowledge: Excluding pirate forces such as Japanese pirates, when was the first regular Japanese army invaded mainland China?
Some people might think that this should be after the Meiji Restoration. Actually, it is not. The first time the Japanese regular army invaded mainland China and went to war with the Chinese army. It was in the 20th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1592) and the location was in Japan. What people call Wuliangha is today's Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in Jilin Province.
The so-called Wuliangha was actually the Mongolian name for Doyanwei. Mongolia Tainingwei, Fuyuwei, and Doyanwei Sanwei (the famous "Duoyan Sanwei") are also called Wuliangha Sanwei. After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty, Wuliangha Sanwei, Tatar and Oala formed the three major tribes of Mongolia. The "Duoyan Sanwei" was later attached to the Ming Dynasty, and the location of these three guards was also collectively referred to as the "Wuliangha area". After the mid-15th century, Wuliangha Sanwei's sphere of influence extended beyond the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty and even to the northeast. However, the Japanese may have misunderstandings, so they called these Jurchens "Wuliangha". In fact, this group should be the Haixi Jurchen tribe.
The map of Northeast Asia drawn by Westerners at the time
was like this. Toyotomi Hideyoshi invaded North Korea on a large scale and coveted the Ming Dynasty. As the armaments of the Joseon dynasty were depleted at that time, Yadao was almost completely trapped soon, and the pigs advanced in Japan. The vanguard force-Kato Kiyomare's Second Army defeated the North Korean Hamgyong Army Envoy Han Kecheng and the most elite northern cavalry of the Joseon Dynasty in Jinhaejeongcang, Hamgyong Province, and he even broke into China.
Japan’s historical data about the invasion of Ulyangha, and North Korea has something as big as the historical data
. Did the Ming Dynasty not react strongly? In the beginning, it did not, because the northeast area north of Liaodong was the territory of the Jurchens, and it did not belong to the interior of the Ming Dynasty, but theoretically belonged to the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, this conflict basically does not involve the Ming army, but the Jurchen army.
From July 27th to August 22nd in the 20th year of Wanli (1592), Kato Kiyomasa took 8,000 Japanese troops and 3,000 surrendered Korean troops invaded and attacked Jianju Jurchen and Hexi, who belonged to Wuliangha of Ming Dynasty. Jurchen tribes. At that time, these Jurchens were not strong here-they were busy resisting and preparing to unify Jurchen Nurhachi.
Therefore, in this battle, the Japanese army had a great victory. The Japanese "Iron Cannon Troops" (fire gunmen) beat the Jurchen and howling ghosts, and more than 900 people were killed (Kato Kiyomasa himself boasted that he killed more than 8,000 people). Was broken. When Kato Kiyomasa’s troops pursued the victory and prepared to attack 13 city forts in Juzi Street (now Yanji City, Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, Jilin Province, China), the surrounding area of the army camp was suddenly surrounded by the Hercynian Jurchen coalition forces and repeated attacks. . Kato Kiyomasa's army suffered a lot of casualties, unable to resist the offensive and could only break through. In the end, Kiyomasa Kato led the expeditionary force to break through and cross the Douman River to return to North Korea.
Japanese army's marching route. After Kato Kiyomasa briefly crossed the North Korean border
and penetrated North Korea, Kato Kiyomasa was overjoyed, and Taiko Toyotomi Hideyoshi even sent a letter to Kato Kiyomasa instructing: "Today is slightly clearer", but in fact this direction is Wrong, fighting in this direction will only hit Mongolia, and it is getting further and further away from the Ming Dynasty. Toyotomi Hideyoshi wanted to invade China through Jianzhou, which was nominally attached to the Ming Dynasty.
The Battle of Uliangha was Japan’s first attack on the mainland of China, and it was also the farthest place the ancient Japanese army had reached. According toWorld analysis, Kato Kiyomasa should have encountered a part of the Jurchen Ula.
During this battle, the powerful combat effectiveness of the Japanese army shocked the Jurchens. This mentality was later noticed by the Joseon Dynasty. Therefore, the Joseon Dynasty later generally included "Jiangwa" (Japanese soldiers who returned to North Korea) into the northern troops and allowed them to attack the Jurchens, which had very good results. Moreover, during border negotiations with the Jurchens, they often exaggerated, saying that they deployed "thousands of descendants" at the border to deter the Jurchens.
However, the Jurchen cavalry defeated the powerful Japanese army, and their combat power should not be underestimated. The funny thing is that 120 years after the war, in 1709 AD, the North Korean side actually erected the "Beiguan Great Victory Monument" on Hamgyongdo. It was believed that the rebels of Hamgyongdo repelled the invading Kato Kiyosho and Jurchen forces at the same time. This should be bragging.
Author: Yun-Fan
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